Communicating Europe in Times of Crisis: External Perceptions of the European Union

275 Pages·2014·2.396 MB·English

by  Natalia Chaban, Martin Holland (eds.)

TheEuropeanUnioninInternationalAffairsSeries
SeriesEditors:
Sebastian Oberthür is a professor and Academic Director of the Institute of
European Studies, Vrije Universiteit Brussels, Belgium. Knud Erik Jørgensen is
aprofessorintheDepartmentofPoliticalScienceandGovernment,AarhusUni-
versity, Denmark. Alex Warleigh-Lack∗ is Executive Director of the Centre for
ResearchontheEuropeanMatrix(CRONEM)andProfessorofEUPoliticsatthe
UniversityofSurrey,UK.SandraLavenexisProfessorofInternationalPoliticsat
the Universityof Lucerne, Switzerland,andVisitingProfessor atthe Collegeof
EuropeinNatolin,Warsaw.PhilomenaMurrayisJeanMonnetProfessorinthe
SchoolofSocialandPoliticalSciencesattheUniversityofMelbourne,Australia.
Editorialboard:
Stephanie Anderson; Ummu Salma Bava; Grainne de Burca; Maurizio
Carbone; Roy H. Ginsberg; Amelia Hadfield; Stephan Keukeleire; Andrés
Malamud; Sophie Meunier; Michael H. Smith; Ramses Wessel; and Reuben
Wong.
Thankstoconsecutiveroundsofenlargementandthestepwisebroadeningand
deepening of internal integration, the European Union (EU) now undeniably
playsakeyroleininternationalpolitics,lawandeconomics.Atthesametime,
changestotheinternationalsystemcontinuetoposenewchallengesfortheEU.
The range of policies implied by the EU’s international ‘actorness’ grows with
everysummit,andtheEUregularly‘imports’andincreasingly‘exports’various
policies.
Against this backdrop, this book series aims to be a central resource for the
growingcommunityofscholarsandpolicy-makerswhoareinterestedinunder-
standingtheinterfacebetweentheEUandinternationalaffairs.Itwillprovide
in-depth, cutting-edge contributions to research on the EU in international
affairs by highlighting new developments, insights, challenges and opportuni-
ties. It will encompass analyses of the EU’s international role, as mediated by
itsownmemberstates,ininternationalinstitutionsandinitsstrategicbilateral
andregionalpartnerships.ItwillfurtherexaminetheongoingprofusionofEU
internalpolicieswithexternalimplicationsandthewaysinwhichtheseareboth
driven by and feed back into international developments. Grounded in politi-
calscience(anditsvarioussubdisciplines,includinginternationalrelationsand
internationalpoliticaleconomy),law,sociologyandhistory,theseriesreflectsan
interdisciplinarycommitment.
Titlesinclude:
AlexanderMattelaer
THEPOLITICO-MILITARYDYNAMICSOFEUROPEANCRISISRESPONSE
OPERATIONS
Planning,Friction,Strategy
LouiseG.vanSchaik
EUEFFECTIVENESSANDUNITYINMULTILATERALNEGOTIATIONS
MorethantheSumofitsParts?
LuisSimon
GEOPOLITICALCHANGE,GRANDSTRATEGYANDEUROPEANSECURITY
TheEU-NATOConundrum
Forthcomingtitlesinclude:
FraukeAustermann
EUROPEANUNIONDELEGATIONSINEUFOREIGNPOLICY
ADiplomaticServiceofDifferentSpeeds
DimitriosBourantonis,SpyrosBlavoukosandClaraPortela(eds)
THEEUANDTHENON-PROLIFERATIONOFNUCLEARWEAPONS
JoachimKoopsandGjovalinMacaj
THEEUASADIPLOMATICACTOR
NataliaChabanandMartinHolland
COMMUNICATINGEUROPEINTIMESOFCRISIS
ExternalPerceptionsoftheEuropeanUnion
∗AlexWarleigh-Lackiscurrentlyonleaveasaneditoroftheseries
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Communicating Europe in
Times of Crisis
External Perceptions of the European
Union
Editedby
Natalia Chaban and Martin Holland
UniversityofCanterbury,NewZealand
Selectionandeditorialmatter©NataliaChabanandMartinHolland2014
Individualchapters© Respectiveauthors2014
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2014 978-1-137-33116-8
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Contents
ListofTablesandFigures vii
Acknowledgements ix
NotesonContributors xi
Introduction:TheEvolutionofEUPerceptions:FromSingle
StudiestoSystematicResearch 1
NataliaChabanandMartinHolland
Section 1 GlobalViewsontheEU
1 Leader,Bridge-Builderor‘HobbledGiant’?Perceptionsof
theEUinClimate-ChangeNegotiations 27
OleElgström
2 TheEU’sLeadershipinGlobalGovernance:Perceptions
fromtheOthers 45
SoniaLucarelli
3 InternalandExternalPerceptionsofEurope/theEUinthe
WorldthroughMentalMaps 65
ClarisseDidelon-LoiseauandClaudeGrasland
Section 2 EUExternalPerceptionsinAsia-Pacific
4 AsianViewsonVenus:PerceptionsoftheEUinSecurity
PolicyFields 97
May-BrittU.Stumbaum
5 FramingtheEUinaTimeofCrisis:MediaReflectionsfrom
EUStrategicPartnersinAsia-Pacific 118
NataliaChabanandJessicaBain
6 RaschAnalysisoftheGeneralPublic’sPerceptionsofthe
EU:ACase-StudyofTenAsia-PacificCountries 143
NataliaChabanandSvetlanaBeltyukova
v
vi Contents
Section 3 ImagesoftheEUintheEuropean
Neighbourhood
7 ViewsfromtheNeighbourhood:Israel 175
SharonPardo
8 ‘IamGeorgianandthereforeIamEuropean’:Comparing
EliteandPublicPerceptionsofEuropeinGeorgia,
2003–2013 197
KetevanBolkvadze,MartinMüllerandVeitBachmann
9 ImaginingEuropefromtheOutside:TheRoleof
PerceptionsofHumanRightsinEuropeinMigration
AspirationsinTurkey,Morocco,SenegalandUkraine 220
ChristianeTimmerman,HeleneMarie-LouDeClerck,Kenneth
HemmerechtsandRoosWillems
Conclusions:Perceptions,Prisms,Prospects 248
MartinHollandandNataliaChaban
Index 253
Tables and Figures
Tables
2.1 SummaryofimagesoftheEU 51
4.1 SummaryofEUperceptionsinChinaandIndia 108
5.1 Operationalizationofthefociofdomesticityframework 129
5.2 Volumesofcoverage(articles) 130
6.1 ThemostandleastpopulardescriptorsoftheEU 160
6.2 SummaryofDIFanalysesofperceptionsofthecurrent
andfutureimportanceoftheEUanditsmemberstatesby
therespondent’scountryandnumberofconnectionsto
Europe 164
7.1 PresscoverageoftheEUinIsrael’sfourleading
newspapers,January2012–December2012 187
7.2 CoverageinIsrael’sfourleadingnewspapersbytheme,
January2012–December2012 188
7.3 CoverageofEUinstitutionsandEUmemberstatesin
Israel’sfourleadingnewspapersbyvalue,January
2012–December2012 188
7.4 NumberofreferencestotheEU/EuropeandEUmember
statesinIsrael’sfourleadingnewspapers,January
2012–December2012 189
8.1 Developmentofexpectationsassociatedwithapotential
EUmembershipofGeorgia 205
9.1 Fullmodel(menandwomen) 237
9.2 Model2:femalerespondentsonly(n=3777) 238
9.3 Model3:malerespondentsonly(n=3350) 239
Figures
3.1 Mentalmapsasresultsofknowledgeandactionfilters 70
3.2 Foursocialframeworksforspatialrepresentations 71
3.3 TheEuroBroadMapsampleandthegradienthypothesis 74
3.4 Distributionofstudentsaccordingtothenumberof
worldregionsmade 75
3.5 Mainwordsusedtonametheworld’sregions 76
3.6 ExtensionofEuropeattheworldscaleinmentalmaps 77
vii
viii ListofTablesandFigures
3.7 VariationinEurope’sshapeinworldmental
representations 79
3.8 Averagelevelofknowledgeandattractivenessofworld
countriesamong9,300studentsof18countriesin2008 82
3.9 Atypologyoftheattractivenessofworldcountriesfor
undergraduatestudentsin2008 84
3.10 Variationinknowledgeandasymmetryofselected
worldcountriesin41placesofthesurveylocatedin18
countries 85
3.11 ChangingvisionsofEuropeandtheworldalonga
North–SouthandEast–Westtransect 90
4.1 Eliteinterviews:IstheEUaleaderininternational
politics? 107
4.2 Eliteinterviews:IstheEUagreatpower? 107
4.3 Overviewofmainarguments,basedon50interviews 109
4.4 Perception/De-factolevel 111
5.1 VisibilityofEUnews‘withlocalhooks’vis-à-visEUnews
withoutsuchhooks 131
5.2 Degreeofcentrality 132
5.3 Evaluations 133
5.4 Themes 134
6.1 Conceptualmappingofthevariablesandresearch
questions 156
6.2 DifferencesinknowledgeabouttheEUamongcountries 158
6.3 Overallratingsofcurrentandfutureimportanceof
overseascountriesandregions 161
6.4 Ratingsofcurrentimportanceofoverseascountriesand
regionsbythenumberofmediasourcesused 161
6.5 Ratingsofcurrentimportanceofoverseascountriesand
regionsbythenumberofconnections 162
6.6 Ratingsofcurrentimportanceofoverseascountriesand
regionsbyrespondent’scountry 163
6.7 Ratingsoffutureimportanceofoverseascountriesand
regionsbyrespondent’scountry 165
6.8 MappingofperceivedimportanceoftheEU’sactionsto
therespondent’scountryinthenexttenyears 166
8.1 ChangeintheperceptionoftheEUinGeorgia,
2009–2013 201
8.2 Changeinpreferencesforestablishingcloserrelations
withinternationalpartners,2009–2013 212
9.1 Threelevelsofexplanation 225
Acknowledgements
This collected volume brings together a group of academics, both
familiar and new, all of whom have made significant contributions to
the study of the European Union’s (EU’s) international presence. The
success of this publication is a reflection of each contributor’s research
excellence, expertise and commitment to participating in this inno-
vative project. As editors, we are deeply indebted to everyone, and
particularly grateful for the diligent way in which a tight publication
schedule has been respected. Of course, this volume also rests on the
work of others who have been involved in the various manifestations
of ‘The EU in the Eyes of Asia-Pacific’ work undertaken over the last
decade. Again, we are in your debt. We hope that this publication will
marktheemergenceofavibrantnetworkonwhichasolidfoundation
forthenewfieldofEUexternalperceptionscanbedeveloped.
This volume would not have been possible without the assistance
and numerous supporting organizations who believed in the scholarly
and practical value of research into EU external perceptions. In par-
ticular, we wish to acknowledge the Jean Monnet Lifelong Learning
ProgrammeoftheEuropeanCommission,theAsia-EuropeFoundation,
theNewZealandEUCentresNetworkandtheUniversityofCanterbury,
New Zealand, all of which have consistently supported ‘The EU in the
Eyes of Asia-Pacific’ initiative. The research underpinning a number of
chapters in this volume has been funded through the European Com-
mission’s Framework Programme for Research (FP) 6 and 7 projects –
namely, GARNET’s The External Image of the EU, EuroBroadMap and
EUMAGINE. Assistance from Germany’s Federal Ministry of Education
and Research, the Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung, the German-Israeli Foun-
dation for Scientific Research and Development, KFG Research College
‘TheTransformativePowerofEurope’,theIsraelScienceFoundation,the
SwedishInstituteforEuropeanPolicyResearch,aswellasfromtheBank
ofSwedenTercentenaryFoundationisacknowledged.Theywereinstru-
mentalinsupportingavarietyofprojectscitedinthispublication:Asian
PerceptionsoftheEU,EuroGaps:ExternalPerceptionsoftheEU,Israeli
PerceptionsoftheEU,andEUImagesinMultilateralNegotiations.
Our thanks are also given to Jana Lesmann, a National Centre for
Research on Europe (NCRE) intern, who expertly managed the final
technicalpresentationaspectsofthemanuscript,aswellastoPalgrave’s
ix