Colour Vision Deficiencies XII: Proceedings of the twelfth Symposium of the International Research Group on Colour Vision Deficiencies, held in Tübingen, Germany July 18–22, 1993

544 Pages·1995·11.54 MB·English

by  G. B. Arden

Colour Vision Deficiencies XII
Docume'nta Ophthalmologica Proceedings Series
VOLUME 57
The titles published in this series are listed at the end of this volume.
Colour Vision Deficiences XII
Proceedings of the twelfth Symposium
of the International Research Group on
Colour Vis ion Deficiencies, held in
Tubingen, Germany
July 18-22, 1993
Edited by
B. Drum
with associate editors:
A.J. Adams, C.R. Cavonius, S.J. Dain, G. Haegerstrom-Portnoy,
K. Kitahara, K. Knoblauch, A. Kurtenbach, B.B. Lee, J. Mollon,
J.D. Moreland, J. Pokorny, L.T. Sharpe, H.A. Sperling, W.H. Swanson,
E. Zrenner
Springer Science+Business Media, B.V.
Library ofCongress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
International Research Group on Colour Vislon Diflc;encies. Sympos1um
(12th 1993 Tublngen, Oer •• ny)
Colour vlslon defleleneles XII proeeedlngs of the Twelfth
Symposlum of the InternatIonal Researeh Group an Colour Vislon
Defleleneles, held In Tublngen, Oermany, 18-22 July 1993/ edited by
B. Drum wlth assoelate edltors, A.J. Adams ... [et a1.1.
p. e •. -- <Doeu.enta ophthalmologlea. Proeeedlngs serles ;
v. 57)
Includes b1b11agraph1cal references and index.
I5BN 978-94-010-4226-0 I5BN 978-94-011-0507-1 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-94-011-0507-1
1. Color bl indness--Congresses. I. Drum, B. II. Adams, A. J.
III. Tltle. IV. Serles.
[ONLM: 1. Color Vislen Dt:=fects--conyresses. wa 00637 v. 57 "1994
/ WW 150 1602 1994eJ
RE921.157 1993
S17.7·59--de20
DNLM/DLC
for L1brary of Congress 94-13946
ISBN 978-94-010-4226-0
Printed an acid-free paper
AlI Rights Reserved
© 1995 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
Origina1ly published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 1995
Softcover reprint ofthe hardcover Ist edition 1995
No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or utili2ed in any
form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, inc1uding photocopying, recording or by any
information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner.
Contents
Preface Xl
PART ONE: ACQUIRED COLOUR VISION DEFICIENCIES
1. G.B. Arden, l. Wrobleski, S. Bhattacharya, F. Fitzke, C.l. Hogg,
A. Eckstein, C.H. Hogg and A.C. Bird (London, UK. and Tubingen,
Germany): Peripheral colour contrast sensitivity in patients with
inherited retinal degenerations 3
2. M. Mantyjarvi and K. Tuppurainen (Kuopio, Finland): Color vision
and retinitis pigmentosa 13
3. A. Serra, I. Zucca, C.M. Dessy, M. Fossarello, A. Tanda and V.
Piras (Cagliari, Italy): Colour vision after surgery for retinal
detachment: scleral buckling versus vitrectomy 21
4. K. Kohler, Y. Schmitz and E. Zrenner (Tubingen, Germany):
Pharmacology of a colour coding synapse in the retina 29
5. C. Mora-Ferrer and C. Neumeyer (Mainz, Germany): Dopamine
antagonists impair 'red-green' discrimination in goldfish after
intravitreal injection 37
6. l. Perez-Carpinell, M.D. de Fez and V. Climent (Burjassot, Spain):
Visual defects in subjects with Down's syndrome 43
7. A, Kurtenbach, L. Riittiger, U. Schiefer, E. Zrenner and A. Neu
(Tubingen, Germany): Heterochromatic brightness matching and
wavelength discrimination in juvenile diabetics: A three-year study 47
8. V.A. Billock, A.l. Vingrys, S.S. Grigsby, S.c. Benes and P.E. King
Smith (Columbus, OH, U S.A.): Opponent-color detection threshold
asymmetries in subjects with optic nerve abnormalities 53
9. W.H. Swanson, R.L. Fellman, l.R. Lynn and R.l. Starita (Dallas,
TX, US.A.): S-cone contrast sensitivity in glaucoma as a function
of mean luminance 63
10. H.P. N. Scholl and E. Zrenner (Tubingen, Germany): Motion thresholds
of coloured stimuli of different luminance contrasts are increased in
ocular hypertension and early primary-open-angle-glaucoma (POAG) 73
VI
11. A.B. Morland, e. Kennard, M. Lawden and K.H. Ruddock
(London, UK.): Visual functions in a patient with acquired
achromatopsia 87
12. V. Walsh and J.J. Kulikowski (Oxford and Manchester, UK.): The
effects of sub-cortical and cortical damage on colour vision 95
13. D. Denis, F. Devin and J.L. Vola (Marseille, France): Macular and
perimacular colour vision in homonymous hemianopsias 109
PART TWO: GENETICS AND CONGENITAL
RED/GREEN COLOUR DEFICIENCIES
14. S.S. Deeb, J. Winderickx and A.G. Motulsky (Seattle, WA, US.A.):
Correlation between Rayleigh match range in pro tans and deutans
and the difference in Amax between hybrid and normal pigments 119
15. S. Usui and S. Nakauchi (Toyohashi, Japan): Neural network
models for normal and dichromatic color vision 127
16. A. Orazem and H. Scheibner (Dusseldorf, Germany): Deuteranopia
under conditions of a large field 135
17. E. Miyahara, J. Pokorny and V.C. Smith (Chicago, IL, US.A.):
The red-green chromatic system in X-chromo some-linked
anomalous trichromats 149
18. K. Kitahara, A. Kubo and A. Kandatsu (Tokyo, Japan): The
spectral sensitivity characteristics of congenital red-green color
vision deficiencies 159
PART THREE: BASICS OF COLOUR VISION
19. K. Knoblauch (New York, NY, USA): Dual bases in dichromatic
color space 165
20. B.B. Lee and T. Yeh (Gottingen, Germany): Tritan pairs estimated
by modulation photometry of red, green and blue lights 177
21. S.K. Shevell and J.e. He (Chicago, fL, US.A.): Interocular
difference in Rayleigh matches of color normals 185
22. M.L.F. de Mattiello, A.R. Biondini and H. Salinas (Buenos Aires,
Argentina): Dichoptic color mixing 193
23. C. von Campenhausen and H.A. Tausch (Mainz, Germany):
Absence of lightness constancy as a deficit of monochromatic vision 197
24. J.E.E. Keunen, S.R.S. de Brabandere and A.T.A. Liem (Utrecht and
Rotterdam, the Netherlands): Foveal densitometry and color
matching in oligocone trichromacy 203
25. M. Kono and S. Yamade (Ohtsu, Shiga, Japan): Study on color
mechanism dependency in the off effect 211
26. J. Perez-Carpinell, M.e. Ibanez Vallejo and J.V. Diaz Esteve
(Valencia, Spain): Psychological factors and defective colour vision 221
Vll
27. M.F. Tritsch (Mainz, Germany): Color discrimination under
mesopic conditions in cats and humans 227
28. A. Werner, G. Schwarz and W. Paulus (Freiburg, Miinchen and
Gottingen, Germany): Ageing and chromatic contrast sensitivity 235
29. W. Backhaus (Berlin, Germany): Unique-colors in Honeybees? 243
30. J. Le Rohellec and F. Vienot (Paris, France): Contribution of two
colour opponent mechanisms to Fechner-Benham subjective colours 251
31. V.A. Billock (Fort Rucker, AL, US.A.): The spectral sensitivity of
the acuity criterion: Effect of nonlinear summation of isolated
parvocellular receptive field centers 259
32. D.J. Calkins, S.J. Schein, Y. Tsukamoto and P. Sterling
(Philadelphia, PA, US.A., Los Angeles, CA, US.A. and Hyogo,
Japan); Ganglion cell circuits in primate fovea 267
PART FOUR: SHOR T -WAVELENGTH-SENSITIVE CONES
33. D. Marshak, D. Stafford, R. Jacoby and N. Kouyama (Houston,
TX, US.A.): Blue cone bipolar cells of the macaque retina 277
34. P.K. Ahnelt and H. Kolb (Vienna, Austria and Salt Lake City, UT,
US.A.): Short-wavelength-sensitive cones: morphology and color-
specific connections 285
35. J. Pokorny and V.c. Smith (Chicago, IL. US.A.): Assessment of S
cone sensitivity 299
36. S.L. Buck and J.L. Brandt (Seattle, WA, US.A.): The range of
simultaneous scotopic contrast colors 309
37. H. Gunji, K. Kitahara, J. Noji and A. Kubo (Tokyo, Japan): The
necessary intensity of the white background when measuring the
response of the S cone system 317
38. F. Naarendorp, P. Kortick and G. Spence (Boston, MA, US.A.):
S-cone light adaptation: -effects of moderately intense adapting
flashes 321
PAR T FIVE: ROD-CONE INTERACTION
39. T.E. Frumkes, G. Lange, F. Naarendorp and T. Eysteinsson (New
York, NY, US.A., Boston, MA, US.A. and Reykjavik, Iceland):
Suppressive rod-cone interactions: Underlying mechanisms and
practical application 329
40. F. Vienot and A. Chiron (Paris, France): Rod and eone signal
processing in mesopic heterochromatic photometry 335
41. E. Guenther and E. Zrenner (Tiibingen, Germany): Rod-mediated
cone sensitization in a population of off-centre ganglion cells in cat
retina in the presence of large adapting backgrounds 343
Vlll
PART SIX: ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY OF COLOUR VISION
42. P. Gouras, c.J. MacKay, M. Roy, M. Saeki and S. Yamamoto
(New York, NY, US.A.): Retinal and brain responses ofS-cones 353
43. M. Fioretto, G.P. Fava, C. Burtolo, C. Orione, and M. Zingirian
(Genoa, Italy): Evaluation of macular function by red-flicker
electroretinogram in optic media opacities 365
44. H. Plendl, D. Prockl, S. Schulze, M. Mayer, K. Batzel and W.
Paulus (Munchen and Gottingen, Germany): The cerebral generator
of the colour evoked component N87 of the visual evoked potential:
Localization by application of the regional source technique 369
45. J. Gerling, T. Meigen and M. Bach (Freiburg, Germany): Diagnosis
of protan and deutan color vision deficiencies with pattern-ERG
and VEP 375
46. H.G. Sperling and J. Mishra (Houston, TX, US.A.): Spectral
sensitivity by flash, flicker and pattern ERG 381
47. D.J. McKeefry and J.J. Kulikowski (Manchester, o.K.):
Psychophysical and occipital respones to aberration-free blue/yellow
and red/green gratings 391
48. J. Kremers, B.B. Lee and T. Yeh (Gottingen, Germany): Receptive
field dimensions of macaque retinal ganglion cells 399
49. M.A. Crognale, E. Switkes, J. Rabin, M.E. Schneck, G.
Hregerstrom-Portnoy and A.J. Adams (Berkeley and Santa Cruz,
CA, US.A.): Objective assessment of short wavelength sensitive
(SWS) mechanisms with the spatio-chromatic VEP: X-linked
achromatopsia and transient tritanopia 407
50. M. Akita and S. Miyahara (Kyoto and Osaka, Japan): Analysis of
EEG to colored lights by the maximum entropy method 415
PART SEVEN: COLOUR VISION TESTING
51. J.D. Mollon and M.R. Baker (Cambridge, o.K.): The use of CRT
displays in research on colour vision 423
52. B.C. Regan and J.D. Mollon (Cambridge, o.K.): Discrimination
ellipses in the MacLead-Boynton diagram: results for normal and
color-deficient subjects obtained with a CRT display 445
53. H. Lang, W. Jaeger and J. Schanda (Darmstadt, Germany):
Computer generated pattern on a video screen for the examination
of colour vision deficiencies 453
54. N. Takahashi, K. Hamano, A. Toyoguchi and Y. Ohta (Tokyo,
Japan): A new lantern test using light emitting diodes 459
55. S. Tanabe,l K. Hukami,2 S. Yamade,3 K. Ichikawa,l and S. Tagai4
(1 Nagoya, 2 Fukui, 3 Shiga and 4 Tokyo, Japan): A new lantern test
using light emittting diode lamps 467
IX
56. J. Sommerhalder, M. Pelizzone, B. Rossillion and A. Roth (Geneva,
Switzerland): Heterochromatic luminance matches in automated
Rayleigh and Moreland equations 473
57. B. Rossillion, M. Pelizzone, J. Sommerhalder and A. Roth (Geneva,
Switzerland): Automated Moreland equations on rand 2° fields 481
58. C.R. Cavonius (Dortmund, Germany): Effect of lamp voltage on
Nagel anomaloscope settings 489
59. J. Birch and N. Patel (London, UK.): Design and use of the
Holmgren Wool test 495
60. B.L. Cole and J.D. Maddocks (Melbourne, Australia): Pro tans and
PAPI: Recognition of a two colour code by persons with defective
colour vision 501
61. W.D. Thomson and J. Birch (London, UK.): A new Windows
based computer program for analysing and plotting results of the
Farnsworth-Munsell 100 hue test 511
62. J.D. Moreland and S.L. Dain (Keele, UK. and Kensington,
Australia): Macular pigment contributes to variance in 100 hue tests 517
63. J.K. Hovis and P. Neumann (Waterloo, Canada): Evaluation of
light sources for the D-15 color vision test 523
64. H. Kudo, F. Obara and Y. Ohta (Tokyo, Japan): Panel D-15 test in
color vision deficiencies at reduced illumination levels 531
Author Index 539
Cumulative IRGCVD Proceedings Index, 1971-1994 541
Preface
The twelfth Symposium of the International Research Group on Colour Vision
Deficiencies (IRGCVD) was held July 18-22,1993 in Tiibingen, Germany. The
scientific program included 61 talks and 37 posters for a total of 98
presentations. Papers based on 64 of these presentations are included here, in
Colour Vision Deficiencies XII.
Much of the scientific contents of the meeting reflected the research interests
of the local organizer, Eberhart Zrenner, with many presentations on basic
questions of the anatomical and electrophysiological organization of the neural
pathways underlying color vision (especially those involving short-wavelength
sensitive cones) and on ways in which disturbances of these pathways can
produce acquired color vision deficiencies. Added to sessions on these topics
were sessions on genetics and congenital red-green color deficiencies and on
color vision testing. The resulting proceedings therefore contain much of
interest to basic vision scientists as well as to specialists in color vision
deficiencies.
With three exceptions, the titles of the major sections of this volume follow
those of the talk sessions at the Symposium. First, multiple sessions on the same
topic are combined here in the same section. Second, the session on cortical
color deficiencies is included here in the section on acquired color deficiencies
Third, the special workshop session on measuring color surfaces and monitors
is included here in the section on color vision testing. Also, for the reader's
convenience, similar papers and similar topics are grouped together more
rigorously here than was possible in the Symposium; thus, papers from the
poster session are intermingled with those from the appropriate talk sessions,
the order of sections and papers within sec tons are rearranged, and several
papers are switched to different sections.
In addition to the usual author index following the text, Colour Vision
Deficiencies XII contains a cumulative IRGCVD Proceedings Author Index,
compiled by associate editor Joel Pokorny. This is the first comprehensive index
published since the Group was formed in 1968, and it covers all twelve of the
biennial IRGCVD Symposium Proceedings volumes, including the present one.
The index will be an invaluable reference resource for both the IRGCVD
B. Drum (ed.), Colour Vision Deficiencies XlI, pp. xi-xii.
© 1995 Kluwer Academic Publishers. Dordrecht.