Collaborative working in construction

247 Pages·2012·6.515 MB·English

by  Dino Bouchlaghem

Collaborative Working in
Construction
Complications arising from poor collaboration are the source of a variety of
the construction industry’s biggest problems. It is now widely recognised that
an effective collaboration strategy based on the implementation of information
systems and careful consideration of the wider organisational issues is the key
to delivering construction projects successfully.
Against a backdrop of rapidly developing communication technologies, and
continuing efforts to improve working practices, this book provides clear expla-
nations of how to successfully devise and implement a collaboration strategy.
The concepts introduced include:
• collaborative working as a holistic concept in construction;
• a new framework on how to plan and implement effective collaboration;
• change management approaches for introducing collaborative working
systems, and implementing new technologies in construction projects.
Examinations of emerging technologies such as mobile and wireless are
combined with overviews of relevant management theories, and industry
case studies, to provide a comprehensive guide suitable for both practitioners
and students. Underpinned by research carried out by leading academics in
cooperation with practitioners using the latest technologies, this is the most up-
to-date and relevant guide to this crucial subject available. The book is essential
reading for all practitioners and serious students of management in the built
environment.
Dino Bouchlaghem is Professor of Architectural Engineering at Loughborough

University, and Director of the Industrial Doctorate Centre for Innovative
and Collaborative Construction Engineering, as well as editor-in-chief of the
International Journal of Architectural Engineering and Design Management. He
received the Gold Medal award from the Institution of Civil Engineers for
research he published in 2005, as well as a highly commended award from
Emerald Literati Network for his research paper ‘The Impact of a Design
Management Training Initiative on Project Performance’ in 2006.
Collaborative Working in
Construction
Edited by Dino Bouchlaghem
First published 2012
by SPON Press
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada
by SPON Press
711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017
SPON Press is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
© 2012 selection and editorial material, Dino Bouchlaghem; individual
chapters, the contributors
The right of the editor to be identified as the author of the editorial
material, and of the authors for their individual chapters, has been
asserted in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright,
Designs and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or
reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical,
or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including
photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval
system, without permission in writing from the publishers.
Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks
or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and
explanation without intent to infringe.
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Collaborative working in construction / edited by Dino Bouchlaghem.
p. cm.
1. Building—Superintendence. 2. Teams in the workplace. 3.
Cooperativeness. I. Bouchlaghem, Dino.
TH438.C6297 2011
690—dc23
2011013341
ISBN: 978-0-415-59699-2 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-0-415-59700-5 (pbk)
ISBN: 978-0-203-84051-1 (ebk)
Typeset in Sabon
by Prepress Projects Ltd, Perth, UK
Contents
List of figures viii
List of tables xi
Notes on contributors xiii
1 Introduction 1
DINo BoUCHLAGHEM AND MArk SHELBoUrN
Background and context 1
Collaboration and information technology 2
An integrated approach to collaborative working 4
2 Collaboration: key concepts 6
MArk SHELBoUrN, ABDULLAHI SHErIff,
DINo BoUCHLAGHEM, ASHrAf EL-HAMALAwI AND
STEvEN YEoMANS
Introduction 6
Collaboration in construction 6
Collaboration, cooperation and coordination 7
Types of collaboration 8
Challenges for collaboration 10
Types of collaborative organisations 11
Effective collaboration 11
Barriers to effective collaboration 14
Informatio n and communication technologies 15
Information management and collaboration 16
An integrated approach to information management 21
Components of a holistic approach 21
vi Contents
3 Planning and Implementation of Effective Collaborative Working
in Construction 26
MArk SHELBoUrN AND DINo BoUCHLAGHEM
Introduction 26
Background to the PIECC project 26
The PIECC framework 31
4 Information management and collaboration 59
ABDULLAHI SHErIff, DINo BoUCHLAGHEM,
ASHrAf EL-HAMALAwI AND STEvEN YEoMANS
Introduction 59
Framework A: Information Management Strategy 60
Framework B: Content Lifecycle Model 67
Framework C: Metadata Standard 68
Conclusion 73
5 Mobile communications and wireless technologies 74
ozAN koSEoGLU AND DINo BoUCHLAGHEM
Introduction 74
Wireless networks 74
Bluetooth networking 76
Third-generation technology (3G) 77
Worldwide interoperability for microwave access 78
Wireless protocols 79
Voice over Internet Protocol 80
Mobile end user devices 82
Wireless and mobile technologies in construction 83
Planning and implementation of mobile collaboration 83
Implementation scenarios 87
6 Multidisciplinary Collaborative Design Optimisation 101
fAN YANG AND DINo BoUCHLAGHEM
Introdu ction 101
Collaborative design 101
Systems approach to collaborative building design 103
Multidisciplinary Collaborative Design Optimisation 105
The PGACO framework development 108
Application of the PGACO framework 114
Application of the PGACO framework to the design scenario 121
Summary 130
Contents vii
7 Change management 132
BILGE ErDoGAN, DINo BoUCHLAGHEM AND
YASEMIN NIELSEN
Introduction 132
Project change management 132
Organisational change management 137
8 Change management framework 157
BILGE ErDoGAN, DINo BoUCHLAGHEM AND
YASEMIN NIELSEN
Introduction 157
Overview of ICEMOCHA and background for its development 158
Aims and objectives of ICEMOCHA 159
Conceptual framework 159
Summary 169
9 Collaboration implementation in construction: case studies 171
BILGE ErDoGAN, ozAN koSEoGLU, DINo BoUCHLAGHEM
AND YASEMIN NIELSEN
Introduction 171
Collaboration environments implementation case studies 171
Mobile collaboration technologies case studies 184
Conclusion from the case studies 199
10 Industry perspective and conclusions 201
MArk SHELBoUrN, DINo BoUCHLAGHEM AND
PATrICIA CArrILLo
Introduction 201
Industry perspective on effective collaboration 201
Overall conclusions 210
References 213

Index 225
Figures
2.1 Modes of collaboration 8
2.2 organisation types as a function of use of formal and
informal collaboration 11
2.3 key areas for effective collaboration 13
2.4 Areas to be addressed to enable effective collaboration 14
2.5 Possible technologies to be used for the four types of
collaboration 17
2.6 IM, IS and IT alignment 20
2.7 The four components of a holistic approach to information
management 22
3.1 PIECC project methodology 28
3.2 Initial thoughts of the decision-making framework 30
3.3 final version of the decision-making framework 32
3.4 four-stage process for conducting risk assessments 41
3.5 Typical management structure for a collaborative venture 43
3.6 A hierarchy of activities diagram with associated systems 47
3.7 Conducting a post-collaborative venture review 54
3.8 Consultants’ benchmarking decision matrix 55
3.9 Performance measurement model 56
4.1 IMC methodology showing all three frameworks 60
4.2 framework A: Information Management Strategy 61
4.3 framework B: Content Lifecycle Model 68
4.4 Stages for developing an organisational metadata standard 69
5.1 Independent wLAN configuration 75
5.2 Infrastructure wLAN configuration 75

5.3 Mobility versus data rate graph of wireless technologies 80
5.4 voIP structure 81
5.5 Integrated infrastructure of voice over wi-fi and existing
networks 82
5.6 Identification of collaboration gap and proposed mobile
collaboration 84
Figures ix
5.7 framework for planning and implementation of mobile
collaboration 85
5.8 Technology set-up: mobile communication architecture for
data, audio and visual information exchange 88
5.9 wLAN infrastructure at construction site 89
5.10 wiMAX infrastructure at construction site 90
5.11 3G mobile phone system architecture 90
5.12 Mobile 2D/3D scenario 95
5.13 4D collaboration scenario 98
5.14 3G communication scenario 99
6.1 Multidisciplinary Collaborative Design optimisation
architecture 105
6.2 formulation of the internal cycle 111
6.3 office floor plan 114
6.4 The three configurations that characterise a system in the
DSM representation 115
6.5 Interdisciplinary variables 118
6.6 Definition of a module within the N-square diagram 118
6.7 Details of the structural and services zones 121
6.8 representation of the design scenario in the PGACo
framework 126
6.9 PGACo solutions for the design scenario 127
6.10 Pattern of the 60 solutions 129
6.11 System-level coordination of value of window’s height 129
6.12 Progressions in system-level objective function 130
7.1 Types of organisational change 139
7.2 Approaches to change 140
7.3 The basic phases of the ISM 143
7.4 The oD model for change 145
7.5 Single and double loop learning 146
7.6 Maturity levels in CMM 148
7.7 The coping cycle 151
7.8 Negative response to change 152
7.9 Positive response to change 153
7.10 Categories of behaviour: a matrix 155
8.1 The ICEMoCHA levels 160
8.2 ICEMoCHA framework overview 161

8.3 Detailed ICEMoCHA framework 162
9.1 factors affecting success of collaboration at organisation
and at project organisation level 180
9. 2 organisational issues in collaboration environment
implementation: causal loop diagram 183
10.1 Summary of the results of task 1 of the workshop 205
x Figures
10.2 Summary of the order of importance of the PIECC processes
for effective collaborative working 208
10.3 Tuckman’s model of team development and its effect on
team enthusiasm and performance 209
10.4 Tuckman’s model of team development and its effect on
team enthusiasm and performance if the PIECC methodology
were used 209