Collaborative Advantage : How Organizations Win by Working Together PDF
Preview Collaborative Advantage : How Organizations Win by Working Together
COLLABORATIVE ADVANTAGE How Organizations Win by Working Together Elizabeth Lank COLLABORATIVE ADVANTAGE This page intentionally left blank C OLLABORATIVE ADVANTAGE How Organizations Win by Working Together Elizabeth Lank © Elizabeth Lank2006 All rights reserved.No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No paragraph of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 4LP. Any person who does any unauthorised act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The author has asserted her right to be identified as the author of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published 2006 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS and 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y.10010 Companies and representatives throughout the world PALGRAVE MACMILLAN is the global academic imprint of the Palgrave Macmillan division of St.Martin’s Press, LLC and of Palgrave Macmillan Ltd. Macmillan®is a registered trademark in the United States, United Kingdom and other countries.Palgrave is a registered trademark in the European Union and other countries. ISBN-13:978–1–4039–9345–8 ISBN-10:1–4039–9345–9 This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. Editing and origination by Curran Publishing Services, Norwich 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 Printed and bound in China For Keith, Michael and Anna This page intentionally left blank Contents Preface xi Acknowledgments xv Introduction 1 No organization is an island 1 Organizational ecosystems 2 Appreciating the art of collaborative working 2 1 Developing a Common Language 5 The importance of language 5 Defining collaborative advantage 7 The reasons organizations collaborate 9 Multiple outcomes 19 The collaborative advantage radar 20 Risks, costs, and benefits 21 Where the effort is needed 22 Understanding the rules of the game 22 2 Preparing to Collaborate 25 The relationship audit 25 Making a strategic assessment 27 Exploring possibilities 29 Test and learn 29 Finding potential partners 31 Serendipity 34 Approaching potential partners 36 Exploring options 38 Agreeing an exit strategy 39 Knowing your collaborative capacity 40 Planning for preparation 40 3 Structuring 43 Choosing a legal form 43 Contractual agreements 46 vii viii COLLABORATIVEADVANTAGE Governance structures 47 Allocating costs and benefits 52 Handling intellectual property 53 Assigning accountabilities 54 Flexible structures 56 4 Integrating the Team and Agreeing Joint Outcomes 59 Knowing what to aim for 60 Establishing personal relationships and trust 61 Aligning goals 64 Visualizing success 66 Agreeing ways of working: a collaboration charter 67 Co-location 70 Ongoing alignment 72 5 Nurturing the Collaborative Process 75 Whose job is it? 75 Protecting the core values of the group 77 Consequence management 78 Inducting new joiners 78 Handling conflict 80 Reviewing and adjusting the scope 82 Recognizing individual contributions 83 Ending a collaboration 83 Working across cultures 84 Valuing scarce skills 85 6 Resourcing the Collaborative Effort 87 Cross-organizational resourcing 87 Resourcing the collaborative process 88 Resourcing the initiatives of the collaborative venture 90 Project management 93 Operating expenses 94 Venture capital 96 Intangible contributions 97 The role of the public sector 97 The value of pragmatism 99 7 Communicating and Sharing Information 101 The role of information and communication technology 101 Dispelling the myths 103 Tips for effective communication 105 (cid:1)CONTENTS ix Creating an information architecture 108 The importance of two-way communication 110 8 Learning 113 Individual learning and development 113 Team learning 114 Organizational learning 116 Knowledge transfer processes 117 Evaluation for learning 118 Methodologies for assessing partnerships 121 Taking time to learn 124 9 Collaborative Skills, Leadership, and Specialist Roles 127 The characteristics of collaborative people 128 Collaborative leadership 130 Specialist roles 132 Appointing a chief relationship officer 136 Making the difficult decisions 138 10 Internal Collaboration 141 The challenge of collaborating across internal boundaries 141 Primary forms of internal collaboration 142 Blockers to internal collaboration 150 Encouraging and rewarding internal collaboration 151 The importance of building internal collaborative advantage 157 11 Developing Collaborative Capability 159 Developing individual capability 159 Building organizational capability 163 Integrating collaborative advantage into business processes 163 Organizational competencies 164 Influencing organizational culture 166 The value of change agents 166 A new management philosophy 167 Notes 169 References 171 Index 173
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