Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Adult Asperger Syndrome; Volume in Guides to Individualized Evidence-Based Treatment - The Guilford Press PDF
Preview Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Adult Asperger Syndrome; Volume in Guides to Individualized Evidence-Based Treatment - The Guilford Press
COGNITIVE-BEHAVIORAL THERAPY FOR ADULT ASPERGER SYNDROME Guides to Individualized Evidence-Based Treatment Jacqueline B. Persons, Series Editor Providing evidence-based roadmaps for managing real-world cases,volumes in this series help the clinician develop treatment plans using interventions of proven effectiveness.With an emphasis on systematic yet flexible case formulation,these hands-on guides provide powerful alternatives to one-size-fits-all approaches.Each book addresses a particular disorder or presents cutting-edge intervention strategies that can be used across a range of clinical problems. Cognitive Therapy of Schizophrenia David G.Kingdon and Douglas Turkington Treating Bipolar Disorder:A Clinician’s Guide to Interpersonal and Social Rhythm Therapy Ellen Frank Modular Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Childhood Anxiety Disorders Bruce F.Chorpita Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for PTSD:A Case Formulation Approach Claudia Zayfert and Carolyn Black Becker Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Adult Asperger Syndrome Valerie L.Gaus Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Adult Asperger Syndrome Valerie L. Gaus Series Editor’s Note by Jacqueline B. Persons THE GUILFORD PRESS New York London ©2007TheGuilfordPress ADivisionofGuilfordPublications,Inc. 72SpringStreet,NewYork,NY10012 www.guilford.com Allrightsreserved Exceptasindicated,nopartofthisbookmaybereproduced,translated, storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans, electronic,mechanical,photocopying,microfilming,recording, orotherwise,withoutwrittenpermissionfromthePublisher. PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica Thisbookisprintedonacid-freepaper. Lastdigitisprintnumber: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 LIMITEDPHOTOCOPYLICENSE Thesematerialsareintendedforuseonlybyqualifiedmentalhealthprofessionals. ThePublishergrantstoindividualpurchasersofthisbooknonassignablepermission toreproduceallmaterialsforwhichphotocopyingpermissionisspecificallygranted in a footnote. This license is limited to you, the individual purchaser only, for use withyourownclientsandpatients.Purchasebyaninstitutiondoesnotconstitutea site license. This license does not grant the right to reproduce these materials for resale,redistribution,oranyotherpurposes(includingbutnotlimitedtobooksand handouts or slides for lectures or workshops). Permission to reproduce these materials for these and any other purposes must be obtained in writing from The GuilfordPress. Theauthorhascheckedwithsourcesbelievedtobereliableinhereffortstoprovide informationthatiscompleteandgenerallyinaccordwiththestandardsofpracticethat areacceptedatthetimeofpublication.However,inviewofthepossibilityofhuman errororchangesinmedicalsciences,neithertheauthor,northeeditorandpublisher, noranyotherpartywhohasbeeninvolvedinthepreparationorpublicationofthis workwarrantsthattheinformationcontainedhereinisineveryrespectaccurateor complete,andtheyarenotresponsibleforanyerrorsoromissionsortheresults obtainedfromtheuseofsuchinformation.Readersareencouragedtoconfirmthe informationcontainedinthisbookwithothersources. LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Gaus,ValerieL. Cognitive-behavioraltherapyforadultAspergersyndrome/ValerieL. Gaus. p.;cm.—(Guidestoindividualizedevidence-basedtreatment) Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. ISBN-10:1-59385-497-8 ISBN-13:978-1-59385-497-3(cloth:alk.paper) 1. Asperger’ssyndrome—Patients—Rehabilitation. 2. Asperger’s syndrome—Complications. 3. Cognitivetherapy. I. Title. II. Series. [DNLM: 1. AspergerSyndrome—therapy. 2. Adult. 3. Asperger Syndrome—complications. 4. CognitiveTherapy—methods. WM203.5 G274c2007] RC553.A88G382007 616.89′142—dc22 2007021428 For June, Ray, Lider, and Sean About the Author Valerie L. Gaus, PhD, has been a practicing cognitive-behavioral therapist serving adults andadolescentswithdualdiagnosis(intellectualdisabilitywithcomorbidpsychiatricdisor- der),autismspectrumdisorders,mooddisorders,andanxietydisorderssinceshereceived herdoctorateinclinicalpsychologyfromStonyBrookUniversityin1992.Sincethenshehas maintainedaprivatepracticeonLongIsland,NewYork,andservesasthestaffpsycholo- gistfortheVincentSmithSchoolinPortWashington,NewYork.Dr.Gausisontheadvisory board of the Asperger Syndrome and High Functioning Autism Association, the grant reviewcommitteeoftheOrganizationforAutismResearch,andtheadjunctfacultyatLong Island University/C. W. Post. She was also a founding board member of the New York MetrochapteroftheNationalAssociationfortheDuallyDiagnosed.Dr.Gaushaswritten numerousarticlesandbookchaptersonmentalhealthissuesindevelopmentaldisabilities and has lectured extensively on these topics across the United States and abroad. vii Series Editor’s Note ManyadultswithAspergersyndrome(AS)orsymptomsofAShavesoughthelpfromclini- cians who have failed to diagnose or adequately treat them and have thus experienced yearsandevendecadesofsuffering.Iamonesuchclinician.ThegoodnewsisthatValerie Gaus’s book will help me—and other readers—avoid repeating those mistakes. I am delighted to include this book in the Guides to Individualized Evidence-Based Treatment series. The books in this series aim to translate evidence-based therapies from research and academic communities to the front lines of clinical settings. Does this book belong in a series of guides to individualized evidence-based treatment? Is cognitive- behavioral therapy (CBT) for AS evidence-based? Asmanyreadersareaware,nopsychosocialtreatmentforAShasyetbeendeveloped and shown to be effective in a randomized controlled trial. Nevertheless, although no empiricallysupportedtreatmentforASisavailable,thematerialpresentedinthisvolume reliesonseveraltypesofempiricaldataandmethods.OneisevidencethatCBTiseffective fortreatingmanyofthecomorbiddifficulties(e.g.,depression,anxietydisorders,attention- deficit/hyperactivity disorder) that individuals with AS experience. Another type is evi- dencethatmanyofthesymptomsofAS(e.g.,socialskillsdeficits)havebeenshowninran- domizedcontrolledtrialstorespondtoCBT.Inaddition,Dr.Gaushastranslatedbasicsci- ence, especially from social cognition and neuropsychology, into conceptualizations and interventionsspecifictothispopulation.Finally,thebookpresentsanempiricalapproachto the treatment of individual cases. All of these findings and methods provide an empirical foundation for the material presented in this volume. The material presented here also relies on the author’s years of clinical experience working with individuals with AS and on her appreciation of her patients’ strengths and unique qualities. Her respect and caring for individuals with AS shines through and pro- vides an essential foundation for her approach. Valerie Gaus’s book provides an empirically based, scholarly, thoughtful, clinically skilled, creative, and compassionate approach to a patient population that is urgently in need of clinicians who can identify and provide effective treatment for their difficulties. JACQUELINE B. PERSONS, PhD San Francisco Bay Area Center for Cognitive Therapy viii Acknowledgments ThisbookrepresentsacollectionofideasaboutadultAspergersyndrome(AS)thatresulted from my countless learning experiences. I have been influenced by such a wide variety of people, I could never properly thank all of them, but I will highlight some of the most important relationships here. Iwillstartwiththepeoplewhotaughtmethemost:mypatients.Withouttheircoura- geous accounts of struggle and survival, and articulate descriptions of how they process information, I would have no book. Their determination to improve their lives is what drove me to look for answers from literature, supervisors, and colleagues. Iappreciatethe13yearsIspentatYAI—NationalInstituteforPeoplewithDisabilities, participatingintheireffortstopromoteindependenceforindividualswithdevelopmental disabilities.IbegantoformsomeoftheideasIpresentinthisbookduringmytimethere, and I was fortunate to have administrators who trusted me when I was using approaches that,attimes,appearedunconventional.Althoughtherearetoomanytoname,Imustmen- tionMaryBradyandMattSturialefromtheresidentialdepartmentfortakingtherisksnec- essary to pioneer our earliest strategies for addressing dual diagnosis issues (psychiatric disorderwithdevelopmentaldisability).Intheoutpatientclinicdepartment,RichardCohen andMarcoDamianiwerekeysupportersastheynurturedmyinterestinASand,whenever possible, allowed me to pick up the incoming adult autism spectrum cases. ByregularlyattendingconferencesandmeetingsrelatedtoASanddevelopmentaldis- abilities,Ihavethankfullybecomepartofalargenetworkofpeoplewhosharemyinterests andgoals.Imaynothavetakenontheprojectofwritingthisbookifnotfortheleaderswithin thiscommunity,whocontinuouslysupportedmeandmymanuscriptthroughtheentirewrit- ingprocess.LyndaGeller,nowattheNYUChildStudyCenter’sAspergerInstitute,hasbeen thequintessentialmentorformeinallthingsrelatedtotheautismspectrum.Iwasverylucky tohavemetherwhenIfirstbecameinterestedinworkingwithadultAS,asshehadalready accumulatedyearsofexperiencemeetingwiththeseindividualsandtheirfamilies.Hermulti- faceted,developmentalunderstandingofthesyndromehasbeenanimportantinfluenceon myclinicalworkaswellasonthepreparationofthisbook.PatSchisselandBernicePolinsky fromtheAspergerSyndromeandHighFunctioningAutismAssociationhaveplayedakey roleinkeepingmeinformedonthelatestdevelopmentsintheautismspectrumcommunity. Asparentsofadultsonthespectrum,theyworktirelesslytooperateahubofresourcesand supportgroupsforhundredsoffamilieswhoarecopingwithASandhigh-functioningautism ix
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