Cognitive and Emotional Processes in Web-Based Education: Integrating Human Factors and Personalization Constantinos Mourlas National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece Nikos Tsianos National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece Panagiotis Germanakos National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece InformatIon scIence reference Hershey • New York Director of Editorial Content: Kristin Klinger Senior Managing Editor: Jamie Snavely Managing Editor: Jeff Ash Assistant Managing Editor: Carole Coulson Typesetter: Jennifer Johnson, Sean Woznicki Cover Design: Lisa Tosheff Printed at: Yurchak Printing Inc. Published in the United States of America by Information Science Reference (an imprint of IGI Global) 701 E. Chocolate Avenue, Hershey PA 17033 Tel: 717-533-8845 Fax: 717-533-8661 E-mail: Advances in Web-Based Learning (AWBL) Series Editor-in-Chief: Nikos Karacapilidis, University of Patras, Greece ISBN: 1935-3669 Cognitive and Emotional Processes in Web-Based Education: Integrating Human Factors and Personalization Edited By: Constantinos Mourlas, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Nikos Tsianos, Nation- al & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece; Panagiotis Germanakos, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece Information Science Reference ~ 2009 Copyright ~ H/C (ISBN: 978-1-60566-392-0) ~ Pages: 328 Our Price: $195.00 Cognitive and Emotional Processes in Web-Based Education: Integrating Human Factors and Personalization enhances the effectiveness of Web-based learning by incorporating cognitive and emotional human factors into adaptive hypermedia applications. This book covers a large number of topics in the area of human individuality that will be of importance to researchers, academicians, and practitioners in the areas of e-learning and education. Solutions and Innovations in Web-Based Technologies for Augmented Learning: Improved Platforms, Tools, and Applications Edited By: Nikos Karacapilidis, University of Patras, Greece Information Science Reference ~ 2008 Copyright ~ H/C (ISBN: 978-1-60566-238-1) Pages: 402 Our Price: $195.00 Solutions and Innovations in Web-Based Technologies for Augmented Learning: Improved Platforms, Tools, and Applications provides cutting-edge research on a series of related topics and discusses implications in the modern era’s broad learning concept. Addressing diverse conceptual, social, and technical issues, this book provides professionals, researchers, and practitioners in the feld with up-to-date research in developing innovative and more effective learning systems by using Web-based technologies. Web-Based Education and Pedagogical Technologies: Solutions for Learning Applications Edited By: Liliane Esnault, EM Lyon, France IGI Publishing ~ 2008 Copyright ~ H/C (ISBN: 978-1-59904-525-2) ~ Pages: 364 ~ Our Price: $150.00 Web-Based Education and Pedagogical Technologies: Solutions for Learning Applications provides cutting- edge research on such topics as network learning, e-learning, managing Web-based learning and teaching technolo- gies, and building Web-based learning communities. This innovative book provides researchers, practitioners, and decision makers in the feld of education with essential, up-to-date research in designing more effective learning systems and scenarios using Web-based technologies. The Advances in Web-based Learning (AWBL) Book Series endeavors to broaden the overall body of knowledge regarding the above issues, thus assisting researchers, educators and practitioners to devise innovative Web-based Learning solutions. Much attention will be also given to the identifcation and thorough exploration of good practices in developing, integrating, delivering and evaluating the impact of Web-based Learning solutions. The series intends to supply a stage for emerging research in the critical areas of web-based learning to further expand to importance of comprehensive publications on these topics of global importance. Order Online at ww.igi-global.com or call 717-533-8845 x100 – Mon-Fri 8:30 AM - 5:00 PM (EST) or Fax 24 Hours a Day 717-533-8661 Editorial Advisory Board Michalis Meimaris, University of Athens, Greece Betina Davou, University of Athens, Greece Dimitris Charitos, University of Athens, Greece Athina Chatzouli, University of Athens, Greece Dimitris Gouscos, University of Athens, Greece List of Reviewers Aimilia Tzanavari, University of Nicosia, Cyprus Andrina Granić, University of Split, Croatia Christian Gütl, Graz University of Technology, Austria Daniela Leal Musa, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brasil Elena C. Papanastasiou, University of Nicosia, Cyprus Elvira Popescu, University of Craiova, Romania George A. Papadopoulos, University of Cyprus, Cyprus George Spanoudis, University of Cyprus, Cyprus Geri Gay, Cornell University, USA Gülsün Kurubacak, Anadolu University, Turkey Hans W. Giessen, Universität des Saarlandes, Germany Hichang Cho, National University of Singapore, Singapore Jan-Willem Strijbos, Leiden University, The Netherlands Jorge Ferreira Franco, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil Maja Ćukušić, University of Split, Croatia Makis Leontidis, University of Athens, Greece Martin Graff, University of Glamorgan, UK Michael Grimley, University of Canterbury, New Zealand Michael Workman, Florida Institute of Technology, USA Patricia A. Lowe, University of Kansas-Lawrence, USA Francesca Pozzi, Istituto Tecnologie Didattiche – Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Italy Ray Adams, Middlesex University, UK Robert Z. Zheng, University of Utah, USA Serpil Yalçinalp, Başkent University, Turkey Steve Rayner, University of Gloucestershire, UK Victor Garcia, Graz University of Technology, Austria William Billingsley, NICTA Queensland Research Laboratory, Australia Yasemin Gulbahar, Başkent University, Turkey Yin Zhang, Kent State University, USA Zacharias Lekkas, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece Zoe Bablekou, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece Table of Contents Preface ..............................................................................................................................................xviii Section I Cognition and Learning Chapter I Individual Differences and Web-Based Learning .................................................................................. 1 Michael Grimley, University of Canterbury, New Zealand Richard Riding, University of Birmingham, UK Chapter II Personalizing Style in Learning: Activating a Differential Pedagogy ................................................. 25 Steve Rayner, University of Gloucestershire, UK Chapter III Can Cognitive Style Predict How Individuals Use Web-Based Learning Environments? .................. 46 Martin Graff, University of Glamorgan, UK Chapter IV Cognitive Styles and Design Interactions in Web-Based Education ................................................... 58 Michael Workman, Florida Institute of Technology, USA Chapter V Integrating Knowledge of Cognitive System and E-Learning Applications ....................................... 72 George Spanoudis, University of Cyprus, Cyprus Eleni A. Kyza, Cyprus University of Technology, Cyprus Chapter VI Nous: Cognitive Models of Working Memory .................................................................................... 86 Zoe Bablekou, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece Section II Affection and Learning Chapter VII Affective Issues in Adaptive Educational Environments ................................................................... 111 Makis Leontidis, University of Athens, Greece Constantin Halatsis, University of Athens, Greece Chapter VIII Understanding Learner Trait, Test and Computer Anxiety in the Context of Computer-Based Testing ................................................................................................................................................ 134 Elena C. Papanastasiou, University of Nicosia, Cyprus Aimilia Tzanavari, University of Nicosia, Cyprus Patricia Lowe, University of Kansas-Lawrence, USA Section III Cognition-Aware and Affective Hypermedia Chapter IX Individual Differences in Adaptive Educational Hypermedia: The Effect of Cognitive Style and Visual Working Memory ............................................................................................................. 147 Nikos Tsianos, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece Panagiotis Germanakos, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece Zacharias Lekkas, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece Costas Mourlas, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece Chapter X The DEKOR System: Personalization of Guided Access to Open Repositories ............................... 164 Christian Gütl, Graz University of Technology, Austria; Infodelio Information Systems and GÜTL IT Research & Consulting, Austria Victor Manuel García-Barrios, Graz University of Technology, Austria Chapter XI Diagnosing Students’ Learning Style in an Educational Hypermedia System .................................. 187 Elvira Popescu, University of Craiova, Romania Chapter XII Cognitive Learning Approaches to the Design of Accessible E-Learning Systems .......................... 209 Ray Adams, Middlesex University, UK Andrina Granić, University of Split, Croatia Chapter XIII Intelligent Books: Combining Reactive Learning Exercises with Extensible and Adaptive Content in an Open-Access Web Application .................................................................................... 229 William Billingsley, University of Cambridge, UK Peter Robinson, University of Cambridge, UK Chapter XIV Enhancing Individuals’ Cognition, Intelligence and Sharing Digital/Web-Based Knowledge Using Virtual Reality and Information Visualization Techniques and Tools within K-12 Education and its Impact on Democratizing the Society ................................................................................................ 245 Jorge Ferreira Franco, Universidade de São Paulo (NATE –LSI/USP), Brazil Irene Karaguilla Ficheman, Universidade de São Paulo (NATE –LSI/USP), Brazil Marcelo Knörich Zuffo, Universidade de São Paulo (NATE –LSI/USP), Brazil Valkiria Venâncio, Universidade de São Paulo (NATE –LSI/USP), Brazil Roseli de Deus Lopes, Universidade de São Paulo (NATE –LSI/USP), Brazil Marlene Moreno, Secretaria Municipal de Educação de São Paulo - SME, Brazil Marlene Gonçalves da Silva Freitas, Secretaria Municipal de Educação de São Paulo - SME, Brazil Ana Luiza Bertelli Furtado Leite, Secretaria Municipal de Educação de São Paulo - SME, Brazil Gláucia Almeida, Secretaria Municipal de Educação de São Paulo - SME, Brazil Sandra Regina Rodrigues da Cruz, Secretaria Municipal de Educação de São Paulo - SME, Brazil Marcos Antonio Matias, Universidade Bandeirante, Brazil Nilton Ferreira Franco, Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, Brazil Section IV Collaborative Learning and Pedagogical Approaches in Web-Based Environments Chapter XV The Impact of Individual Differences on Social Communication Pattern in Online Learning ......... 321 Robert Z. Zheng, University of Utah, USA Jill A. Flygare, University of Utah, USA Laura B. Dahl, University of Utah, USA Richard R. Hoffman, University of Utah, USA Chapter XVI Collaborative Learning in a Web-Based Environment: A Comparison Study ................................... 343 Yin Zhang, Kent State University, USA Chapter XVII The Effect of Communication Styles on Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning ................... 357 Hichang Cho, National University of Singapore, Singapore Geri Gay, Cornell University, USA Chapter XVIII Fostering Interactivity through Formative Peer Assessment in (Web-Based) Collaborative Learning Environments ...................................................................................................................... 375 Jan-Willem Strijbos, Leiden University, The Netherlands Theresa A. Ochoa, Indiana University, USA Dominique M. A. Sluijsmans, HAN University, The Netherlands & Open University of the Netherlands, The Netherlands Mien S. R. Segers, Leiden University, The Netherlands Harm H. Tillema, Leiden University, The Netherlands Chapter XIX Supporting Group and Individual Processes in Web-Based Collaborative Learning Environments ..................................................................................................................................... 396 F. Pozzi, Istituto Tecnologie Didattiche – CNR, Italy Chapter XX Employing Innovative Learning Strategies Using an E-Learning Platform ...................................... 414 Andrina Granić, University of Split, Croatia Maja Ćukušić, University of Split, Croatia Aimilia Tzanavari, University of Nicosia, Cyprus George A. Papadopoulos, University of Cyprus, Cyprus Chapter XXI Building a B-Learning Strategy ......................................................................................................... 437 Paula Peres, Institute of Accounting and Administration of Porto (ISCAP), Portugal Pedro Pimenta, University of Minho, Portugal Compilation of References ............................................................................................................... 458 About the Contributors .................................................................................................................... 528 Index ................................................................................................................................................... 538