Code-Switching: Unifying Contemporary And Historical Perspectives PDF
Preview Code-Switching: Unifying Contemporary And Historical Perspectives
NEW APPROACHES TO ENGLISH HISTORICAL LINGUISTICS Code-Switching Unifying Contemporary and Historical Perspectives Mareike L. Keller New Approaches to English Historical Linguistics Series Editors Sara Pons-Sanz School of English, Communication and Philosophy Cardiff University Cardiff, UK Louise Sylvester Department of English, Linguistics and Cultural Studies University of Westminster London, UK The field of historical linguistics has traditionally been made up of the theoretical study of the various levels of linguistic analysis: phonology, morphology, syntax, vocabulary and semantics. However, scholars have increasingly become aware of the significance of other methods of applied/ culturally aware research which were initially introduced to examine pres- ent day English, e.g. stylistics, sociolinguistics, pragmatics, code- switching and other language contact phenomena. This has produced exciting new avenues for exploration but has inevitably led to specialization and frag- mentation within the field. This series brings together work in either one or several of these areas, thus enabling a dialogue within the new conceptualization of language study and English historical linguistics. The series includes descriptive and/or theoretical work on the history of English and the way in which it has been shaped by its contact with other languages in Britain and beyond. Much of the work published in the series is engaged in redefining the dis- cipline and its boundaries. More information about this series at http://www.palgrave.com/gp/series/15079 Mareike L. Keller Code-Switching Unifying Contemporary and Historical Perspectives Mareike L. Keller Anglistik IV University of Mannheim Mannheim, Germany New Approaches to English Historical Linguistics ISBN 978-3-030-34666-9 ISBN 978-3-030-34667-6 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34667-6 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2020 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the pub- lisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institu- tional affiliations. Cover illustration: duncan1890 / Getty Images This Palgrave Pivot imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG. The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland A cknowledgments This little book has emerged out of several years of post-doctoral research on code-switching in historical texts. It could not have come together without the professional feedback and friendly encouragement of a num- ber of people and the support of different organizations. I want to express my gratitude above all to Patrick Horner for his remarkable edition of MS Bodley 649 and his helpful comments on my first steps toward this book, as well as to the Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies, Toronto, for providing me with a searchable PDF ver- sion of this edition. I am very grateful to Rosemarie Tracy for access to the data collected for the project “Sprachkontakt Deutsch-Englisch: Code- switching, Crossover & Co” (DFG project number 5466620) and permis- sion to use examples. All images from MS Bodley 649 are reproduced by kind permission of The Bodleian Libraries, The University of Oxford. Images from Balliol MS 149 are reproduced by kind permission of the Master and Fellows of Balliol College, Oxford. In this context I also thank librarians Daryl Green and Anne Chesher from Magdalen College, Oxford, and Amy Boylan from Balliol for providing me with images of their unique manuscripts and assisting me during my onsite research. My deep thanks go to Herbert Schendl, Richard Ingham, and Theresa Biberauer for their open-minded interest, giving me the confidence to present my ideas to a wider audience; Marigold Norbye for introducing me to the secrets of paleography and for helping me to solve some of the most challenging paleographical riddles in my data; the series editors, Sara Pons-Sanz and Louise Sylvester, for inviting me to write this little book, and for their careful feedback on the manuscript; the reviewers of the book v vi ACKNOWLEDGMENTS proposal for their insightful suggestions and comments; the editorial team at Palgrave Macmillan for their expert advice and assistance; and last but not least my mother and my brother for their unfaltering support during the writing process, helping me to organize my thoughts and keeping me focused on my goal. c ontents 1 Introduction 1 References 8 2 Understanding the Grammar of Mixed Language 11 2.1 The Study of Code-Switching Structures 14 2.1.1 Constraint-Based Approaches 15 2.1.2 The MLF Model: Relevant Detail 19 2.1.3 Critical Voices 23 2.2 Historical Multilingualism and Code-Switching 26 2.2.1 Studying Historical Mixed Texts: A Contrastive Overview 27 2.2.2 Challenges of Mixed Language Manuscripts 30 2.2.3 Exploring the Diachronic Trajectory of Code- Switching 32 References 34 3 Early English Code-Switching 39 3.1 Mixed Language Sermons 40 3.2 Variation Within the Noun Phrase 49 3.2.1 Data and Methodology 50 3.2.2 The Curious Case of Case Marking 52 3.2.3 Three Quirky Examples 54 3.2.4 Intermediate Summary 61 vii viii CONTENTS 3.3 Stability Within the Verb Phrase 61 3.3.1 Data and Methodology 65 3.3.2 The Pivotal Role of the Finite Verb 66 3.3.3 Two Morphological Riddles 71 3.3.4 Intermediate Summary 74 References 75 4 Code-Switching Across Time and Space 79 4.1 Assessing the Results 80 4.2 Theoretical Implications 83 4.3 Outlook 87 References 89 Index 93 A bbreviAtions CP Complementizer phrase CS Code-switching DP Determiner phrase EL Embedded language IP Inflectional phrase ML Matrix Language MLF Matrix Language Frame (model) ix
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