Cochlear Implants: Principles and Practices PDF
Preview Cochlear Implants: Principles and Practices
Niparko-FM-i-xii.qxd 1/12/09 12:37 PM Page i Cochlear Implants Principles & Practices Niparko-FM-i-xii.qxd 1/12/09 12:37 PM Page ii Niparko-FM-i-xii.qxd 1/12/09 12:37 PM Page iii Cochlear Implants Principles & Practices Editor John K. Niparko, MD George T. Nager Professor Director, Division of Otology, Neurotology & Skull Base Surgery Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery The Johns Hopkins University Baltimore, Maryland Associate Editors Karen Iler Kirk, PhD, CCC-SLP Professor Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences Purdue University West Lafayette, Indiana Amy McConkey Robbins, MS, CCC-SLP Consulting Speech and Language Pathologist Communication Consulting Services Indianapolis, Indiana Nancy K. Mellon, MS Director The River School Washington, DC Debara L. Tucci, MD Associate Professor Duke University Medical Center Department of Surgery Durham, North Carolina Blake S. Wilson, BSEE Department of Surgery Division of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery Duke University Medical Center Durham, North Carolina Niparko-FM-i-xii.qxd 1/12/09 12:37 PM Page iv Acquisitions Editor:Susan Rhyner Managing Editor:Michelle LaPlante Project Manager:Jennifer Harper Senior Manufacturing Manager: Benjamin Rivera Senior Marketing Manager:Angela Panetta Design Coordinator: Elaine Kasmer Production Services: International Typesetting and Composition Second edition © 2009 by LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, a Wolters Kluwer business 530 Walnut Street Philadelphia, PA19106 USA LWW.com First edition, © 2000 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by any means, including photocopying, or utilized by any information storage and retrieval system without written permission from the copyright owner, except for brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. Materials appearing in this book prepared by individuals as part of their official duties as U.S. government employees are not covered by the above-mentioned copyright. Printed in China Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Cochlear implants : principles & practices / editor, John K. Niparko ; associate editors, Karen Iler Kirk . . . [et al.]. — 2nd ed. p. ; cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13: 978-0-7817-7749-0 ISBN-10: 0-7817-7749-6 1. Cochlear implants. 2. Deaf—Rehabilitation. I. Niparko, John K. [DNLM: 1. Cochlear Implantation. 2. Cochlear Implants. 3. Deafness—psychology. WV 274 C6619 2009] RF305.C6298 2009 617.8'9—dc22 2008050687 Care has been taken to confirm the accuracy of the information presented and to describe generally accepted practices. However, the authors, editors, and publisher are not responsi- ble for errors or omissions or for any consequences from application of the information in this book and make no warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the currency, com- pleteness, or accuracy of the contents of the publication. Application of the information in a particular situation remains the professional responsibility of the practitioner. The authors, editors, and publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selec- tion and dosage set forth in this text are in accordance with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in gov- ernment regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any change in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is partic- ularly important when the recommended agent is a new or infrequently employed drug. Some drugs and medical devices presented in the publication have Food and Drug Administration (FDA) clearance for limited use in restricted research settings. It is the responsibility of the health care provider to ascertain the FDAstatus of each drug or device planned for use in their clinical practice. To purchase additional copies of this book, call our customer service department at (800) 638-3030 or fax orders to (301) 223-2320. International customers should call (301) 223-2300. Visit Lippincott Williams & Wilkins on the Internet: at LWW.com. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins customer service representatives are available from 8:30 am to 6 pm, EST. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Niparko-FM-i-xii.qxd 1/12/09 12:37 PM Page v To those who connect with the hearing world through their cochlear implant, inspiring their families, clinicians, and researchers. Niparko-FM-i-xii.qxd 1/12/09 12:37 PM Page vi Niparko-FM-i-xii.qxd 1/12/09 12:37 PM Page vii CONTRIBUTORS YURI AGRAWAL, MD MICHAELF. DORMAN, PHD FRANK R. LIN, MD Resident Professor Department of Otolaryngology-Head Department of Otolaryngology-Head Department of Speech & Hearing & Neck Surgery & Neck Surgery Science The Johns Hopkins University The Johns Hopkins University Arizona State University Baltimore, Maryland Baltimore, Maryland Tempe, Arizona CRISTIANO LINGUA, MD MARK ALMOND, MD MARC D. EISEN, MD, PHD ENT Consultant Research Fellow Assistant Clinical Professor Mondovi Hospital Department of Otolaryngology-Head Department of Surgery, Division Mondovi, Italy & Neck Surgery of Otolaryngology The Johns Hopkins University University of Connecticut School BRADFORD J. MAY, PHD Baltimore, Maryland of Medicine Associate Professor Farmington, Connecticut Center for Hearing and Balance Sciences SUE ARCHBOLD, M PHIL Department of Otolaryngology-Head Development Manager HOWARD W. FRANCIS, MD and Neck Surgery The Ear Foundation Associate Professor The Johns Hopkins University Nottingham, England Division of Otology, Neurotology Baltimore, Maryland & Skull Base Surgery DAVID J. BROWN, MD Department of Otolaryngology-Head NANCY K. MELLON, MS Assistant Professor & Neck Surgery Director Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology The Johns Hopkins University The River School Department of Otolaryngology and Baltimore, Maryland Washington, DC Communication Sciences Medical College of Wisconsin SHELLEY HOWARD-ROBINSON, JENNIFER L. MERTES, AUD, CCC-A Children’s Hospital of Wisconsin MA, CCC-SLP Audiologist Milwaukee, Wisconsin Speech & Language Pathology The River School The River School Washington, DC RYAN M. CARPENTER, AUD Washington, DC Department of Otolaryngology-Head JOHN K. NIPARKO, MD & Neck Surgery MARY O’LEARY KANE, MA, George T. Nager Professor The Johns Hopkins University CCC-SLP Director, Division of Otology, Baltimore, Maryland Speech & Language Director Neurotology & Skull Base Surgery The River School Department of Otolaryngology-Head SANGSOOK CHOI, PHD Washington, DC & Neck Surgery Postdoctoral Research Associate The Johns Hopkins University Department of Speech, Language, KAREN ILER KIRK, PHD, CCC-SLP Baltimore, Maryland & Hearing Sciences Professor Purdue University Department of Speech, Language GERARD M. O’DONOGHUE, FRCS West Lafayette, Indiana and Hearing Sciences Professor of Otology and Neurotology Purdue University Department of Otolaryngology CHARLES C. DELLASANTINA, West Lafayette, Indiana Queen’s Medical Centre PHD, MD Nottingham, United Kingdom Associate Professor CHARLES J. LIMB, MD Departments of Otolaryngology-Head Associate Professor THOMAS M. PILKINGTON, MD & Neck Surgery and Biomedical Department of Otolaryngology-Head Duke University Medical Center Engineering & Neck Surgery Department of Surgery The Johns Hopkins University The Johns Hopkins University Durham, North Carolina Baltimore, Maryland Baltimore, Maryland; Staff Physician and Research AMY McCONKEY ROBBINS, PATRICK J. DONNELLY, Fellow MS, CCC-SLP MSE, MM National Institute on Deafness Consulting Speech and Language Peabody Conservatory of Music and Communication Disorders Pathologist The Johns Hopkins University National Institutes of Health Communication Consulting Services Baltimore, Maryland Bethesda, Maryland Indianapolis, Indiana vii Niparko-FM-i-xii.qxd 1/12/09 12:37 PM Page viii viii Contributors MARK ROSS, PHD BETTY SCHOPMEYER, MA DEBARAL. TUCCI, MD Adjunct Professor Consultant, Speech & Language Associate Professor University of Connecticut Pathology Duke University Medical Center Storrs, Connecticut The River School Department of Surgery Washington, DC Durham, North Carolina DAVID K. RYUGO, PHD Professor of Otolaryngology-Head CHRISTALOPEZ TAMPARONG, BLAKE S. WILSON, BSEE & Neck Surgery and Neuroscience MSEd Department of Surgery Center for Hearing and Balance Educator Division of Otolaryngology, Head Departments of Otolaryngology-Head The River School & Neck Surgery and Neck Surgery Washington, DC Duke University Medical Center The Johns Hopkins University Durham, North Carolina Baltimore, Maryland Niparko-FM-i-xii.qxd 1/12/09 12:37 PM Page ix PREFACE The advent of the cochlear implant has reasserted, if not reinvented, virtually every aspect of audi- tory rehabilitation. Cochlear Implants: Principles & Practicesdescribes the scientific foundations and the practices that underlie the intervention. In this second edition, an expanded list of contributors addresses the broad range of related topics that now impact the field. We address topics within the auditory sciences, the selection of candidates, techniques of device placement and activation, and assessment and use of the implant as a communication tool. The evolution of implantable technologies provides a rapidly moving target. Thus we have updated orientation to basic concepts, both biological and technological, and review the social and educational issues accompanying the communication change entailed by cochlear implantation. As cochlear implants continue to gain acceptance as a communication tool, our focus should include the settings in which children with implants develop linguistic and social competence and the many factors that impact their success at home and at school. Further, faster and smarter implant processing allows us to adjust upward expectations for adults who seek a broad and meaningful listening experience, as well. The application of implant technology brings with it a responsibility to support the process begun by the introduction of sound through electrical hearing. This second edition of Cochlear Implants: Princi- ples & Practicesidentifies and explores those areas that require our attention to enable cochlear implant users to realize their fullest potential. ix Niparko-FM-i-xii.qxd 1/12/09 12:37 PM Page x
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