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Third Edition COATINGS TECHNOLOGY HANDBOOK © 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC Third Edition COATINGS TECHNOLOGY HANDBOOK Edited by Arthur A. Tracton Boca Raton London New York Singapore A CRC title, part of the Taylor & Francis imprint, a member of the Taylor & Francis Group, the academic division of T&F Informa plc. © 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC Published in 2006 by CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 © 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group No claim to original U.S. Government works Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 International Standard Book Number-10: 1-57444-649-5 (Hardcover) International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-57444-649-4 (Hardcover) This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reprinted material is quoted with permission, and sources are indicated. A wide variety of references are listed. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and the publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or for the consequences of their use. No part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced, transmitted, or utilized in any form by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without written permission from the publishers. For permission to photocopy or use material electronically from this work, please access www.copyright.com (http://www.copyright.com/) or contact the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. (CCC) 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-8400. CCC is a not-for-profit organization that provides licenses and registration for a variety of users. For organizations that have been granted a photocopy license by the CCC, a separate system of payment has been arranged. Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Catalog record is available from the Library of Congress Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at http://www.taylorandfrancis.com Taylor & Francis Group and the CRC Press Web site at is the Academic Division of T&F Informa plc. http://www.crcpress.com © 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC DK4036_C000.fm Page v Friday, July 1, 2005 1:40 PM Preface to Third Edition The world of coatings is very broad. The application techniques are many, and the uses are numerous. Technical people need to be aware of many things. One study said that a coating chemist must be proficient in 27 different disciplines. This book is directed at supplying a broad cross-index of some of the different aspects to help the technical person. It is not meant to be an in-depth treatise on any subject. It is meant to give insight into the various subjects covered. The chapter authors or the editor may be contacted for more information or direction on the subjects. To aid the person involved in coatings, inks, or adhesives, be they chemists, engineers, technicians, researchers, or manufacturers, chapters are given in the areas of fundamentals and testing, coating and processing, techniques and materials, and surface coatings. Each section contains information to expand the awareness and knowledge of someone practicing in the field. The objective is to help people solve problems and increase their level of technology. With time, technology increases, as shown by the chapter on statistical design of experiments, and the chapter on using equipment to determine ultraviolet (UV) resistance. Newer materials such as fluorocarbon resins, polyurethane thickeners, and high-temperature pigments are included as well as older materials such as alkyds, clays, and driers. To accomplish the presentation of technology, this book has been expanded to 118 chapters by adding new material and updating other material. Hopefully, the reader will expand his or her knowledge and further push the envelope of technology. The editor gratefully acknowledges the many contributions of the chapter authors and the publishers who have made this book possible. Arthur A. Tracton v © 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC DK4036_C000.fm Page vii Friday, July 1, 2005 1:40 PM Contributors N. J. Abbott Deepak G. Bhat Peter A. Callais Albany International Research GTE Valenite Corporation Pennwalt Corporation Company Troy, Michigan Buffalo, New York Dedham, Massachusetts Thomas P. Blomstrom Naomi Luft Cameron Harold Van Aken Monsanto Chemical Company Datek Information Services GretagMacbeth Springfield, Massachusetts Newtonville, Massachusetts New Windsor, New York Robert W. Carpenter Walter Alina Kenneth Bourlier Windsor Plastics, Inc. General Magnaplate Union Carbide Corporation Evansville, Indiana Corporation Bound Brook, New Jersey Linden, New Jersey Chi-Ming Chan J. David Bower Raychem Corporation Mark J. Anderson Hoechst Celanese Corporation Menlo Park, California Stat-Ease, Inc. Somerville, New Jersey Minneapolis, Minnesota Gary W. Cleary Robert D. Athey, Jr. Donald L. Brebner Cygnus Research Corporation Athey Technologies E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Redwood City, California El Cerrito, California Company Wilmington, Delaware Carl A. Dahlquist Brian E. Aufderheide 3M Company W. H. Brady Company Patrick Brennan St. Paul, Minnesota Milwaukee, Wisconsin Q-Panel Lab Products Cleveland, Ohio B. Davis Bruce R. Baxter ABM Chemicals Limited Specialty Products, Inc. Stockport, Cheshire, England Lakewood, Washington George E. F. Brewer George E. F. Brewer Coating Richey M. Davis Consultants William F. Beach Hercules Incorporated Birmingham, Michigan Bridgeport, New Jersey Wilmington, Delaware Edward A. Bernheim Lisa A. Burmeister David R. Day Exxene Corporation Aqualon Company Micromet Instruments, Inc. Corpus Christi, Texas Wilmington, Delaware Cambridge, Massachusetts vii © 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC DK4036_C000.fm Page viii Friday, July 1, 2005 1:40 PM Marcel Dery K. B. Gilleo Herman Hockmeyer Chemical Fabrics Corporation Sheldahl, Inc. Hockmeyer Equipment Merrimack, New Hampshire Northfield, Minnesota Corporation Elizabeth City, North Carolina Arnold H. Deutchman William S. Gilman BeamAlloy Corporation Gilman & Associates Krister Holmberg Dublin, Ohio South Plainfield, New Jersey Chalmers University of Technology John W Du F. A. Goossens Göteborg, Sweden BYK-Chemie USA Stork Brabant Wallingford, Connecticut Boxmeer, The Netherlands Albert G. Hoyle Hoyle Associates Richard P. Eckberg Joseph Green Lowell, Massachusetts General Electric Company FMC Corporation Schenectady, New York Princeton, New Jersey H. F. Huber Jesse Edenbaum Douglas Grossman Hüls Troisdorf AG Consultant Q-Panel Lab Products Troisdorf/Marl, Germany Cranston, Rhode Island Cleveland, Ohio Michael Iskowitz Eric T. Everett Clive H. Hare Kop-Coat Marine Group Q-Panel Lab Products Coating System Design, Inc. Rockaway, New Jersey Cleveland, Ohio Lakeville, Massachusetts William F. Harrington, Joseph L. Johnson Carol Fedor Jr. Aqualon Company Q-Panel Lab Products Uniroyal Adhesives and Sealants Wilmington, Delaware Cleveland, Ohio Company, Inc. Mishawaka, Indiana Stephen L. Kaplan William C. Feist Plasma Science, Inc. Consultant J. Rufford Harrison Belmont, California Middleton, Wisconsin E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Company R. H. Foster Douglas S. Kendall Wilmington, Delaware Eval Company of America National Enforcement Lisle, Illinois Investigations Center Helen Hatcher U.S. Environmental Protection Johnson Matthey Pigments & Agency James D. Gasper Dispersions Denver Federal Center ICI Resins US Kidsgrove, Stoke-on-Trent, Denver, Colorado Wilmington, Massachusetts Staffs, United Kingdom Sam Gilbert Jack Hickey Ashok Khokhani Sun Chemical Corporation International Paint Company Engelhard Corporation Cincinnati, Ohio Union, New Jersey Iselin, New Jersey viii © 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC DK4036_C000.fm Page ix Friday, July 1, 2005 1:40 PM Carol D. Klein Ronald A. Lombardi Helmut W. J. Müller Spectra Colors Corporation ICI Resins US BASF AG Kearny, New Jersey Wilmington, Massachusetts Ludwigshafen/Rhein, Germany Lisa C. Klein Donald M. MacLeod Richard Neumann Ceramic and Materials Industry Tech Windmöller & Hölscher Engineering Oldsmar, Florida Lengerich/Westfalen, Germany Rutgers — The State University of New Jersey Algirdas Matukonis Robert E. Norland Piscataway, New Jersey Kaunas Technical University Norland Products, Inc. Kaunas, Lithuania North Brunswick, New Jersey Joseph V. Koleske Charleston, West Virginia John A. McClenathan Milton Nowak IMD Corporation Troy Chemical Birmingham, Alabama Newark, New Jersey Alan Lambuth Boise Cascade Christopher W. Boise, Idaho Michael O’Mary McGlinchey The Armoloy Corporation The Metropolitan Museum of DeKalb, Illinois Kenneth Lawson Art DeSoto, Inc. New York, New York Robert J. Partyka Des Plaines, Illinois BeamAlloy Corporation Frederic S. McIntyre Dublin, Ohio B. H. Lee Acumeter Laboratories, Inc. Ciba-Geigy Corporation Marlborough, Massachusetts John A. Pasquale III Ardsley, New York Liberty Machine Company Timothy B. McSweeney Paterson, New Jersey Peter A. Lewis Screen Printing Association Sun Chemical Corporation International Cincinnati, Ohio Fairfax, Virginia Patrick Patton Q-Panel Lab Products Cleveland, Ohio Raimond Liepins R. Milker Los Alamos National Laboratory Lohmann GmbH Los Alamos, New Mexico Neuwied, Germany Detlef van Peij Solventborne Coatings — H. Thomas Lindland Samuel P. Morell Europe Flynn Burner Corporation S. P. Morell and Company Elementis GmbH New Rochelle, New York Armonk, New York Cologne, Germany Harry G. Lippert Wayne E. Mozer Kim S. Percell Extrusion Dies, Inc. Oxford Analytical, Inc. Witco Corporation Chippewa Falls, Wisconsin Andover, Massachusetts Memphis, Tennessee ix © 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC DK4036_C000.fm Page x Friday, July 1, 2005 1:40 PM Edwin P. Plueddemann Jaykumar (Jay) J. Shah Subbu Venkatraman Dow Corning Corporation Decora Raychem Corporation Midland, Michigan Fort Edward, New York Menlo Park, California Liudas Pranevicius Douglas N. Smith Theodore G. Vytautas Magnus University Waterborne Coatings — Global Vernardakis Kaunas, Lithuania Elementis GmbH BCM Inks USA, Inc. Cologne, Germany Cincinnati, Ohio Charles P. Rader Advanced Elastomer Systems, Steve Stalker Lawrence R. Waelde L.P. ITW Industrial Finishing Troy Corporation Akron, Ohio Glendale Heights, Illinois Florham Park, New Jersey Valentinas Rajeckas Henry R. Stoner Leonard E. Walp Kaunas Polytechnic University Henry R. Stoner Associates Witco Corporation Kaunas, Lithuania North Plainfield, New Jersey Memphis, Tennessee H. Randhawa D. Stoye Patrick J. Whitcomb Vac-Tec Systems, Inc. Hüls Troisdorf AG Stat-Ease, Inc. Boulder, Colorado Troisdorf/Marl, Germany Minneapolis, Minnesota Richard Rathmell K. Winkowski Larry S. Timm Londonderry, New Hampshire ISP Corporation Findley Adhesives, Inc. Piscataway, New Jersey Wauwatosa, Wisconsin Donald A. Reinke Oliver Products Company Kurt A. Wood Harry H. Tomlinson (Retired) Arkema, Inc. Witco Corporation Grand Rapids, Michigan King of Prussia, Pennsylvania Memphis, Tennessee Peter W. Rose Daniel M. Zavisza Arthur A. Tracton Plasma Science, Inc. Hercules Incorporated Consultant Belmont, California Wilmington, Delaware Bridgewater, New Jersey D. Satas Randall W. Zempel Satas & Associates George D. Vaughn Dow Chemical Company Warwick, Rhode Island Surface Specialties Melamines Midland, Michigan Springfield, Massachusetts Milton C. Schmit Ulrich Zorll Plymouth Printing Company, A. Vasˇkelis Forschungsinstitut fur Pigmente Inc. Lithuanian Academy of Sciences and Lacke Cranford, New Jersey Vilnius, Lithuania Stuttgart, Germany x © 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC DK4036_bookTOC.fm Page xi Friday, July 1, 2005 1:40 PM Contents I Fundamentals and Testing 1 Rheology and Surface Chemistry .....................................................................................1-1 K. B. Gilleo 2 Coating Rheology ..............................................................................................................2-1 Chi-Ming Chan and Subbu Venkatraman 3 Leveling...............................................................................................................................3-1 D. Satas* 4 Structure–Property Relationships in Polymers ..............................................................4-1 Subbu Venkatraman 5 The Theory of Adhesion....................................................................................................5-1 Carl A. Dahlquist 6 Adhesion Testing................................................................................................................6-1 Ulrich Zorll 7 Coating Calculations .........................................................................................................7-1 Arthur A. Tracton 8 Infrared Spectroscopy of Coatings...................................................................................8-1 Douglas S. Kendall 9 Thermal Analysis for Coatings Characterizations..........................................................9-1 William S. Gilman 10 Color Measurement for the Coatings Industry.............................................................10-1 Harold Van Aken 11 The Use of X-ray Fluorescence for Coat Weight Determinations ...............................11-1 Wayne E. Mozer 12 Sunlight, Ultraviolet, and Accelerated Weathering.......................................................12-1 Patrick Brennan and Carol Fedor 13 Cure Monitoring: Microdielectric Techniques ..............................................................13-1 David R. Day 14 Test Panels ........................................................................................................................14-1 Douglas Grossman and Patrick Patton *Deceased. xi © 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC DK4036_bookTOC.fm Page xii Friday, July 1, 2005 1:40 PM 15 Design of Experiments for Coatings..............................................................................15-1 Mark J. Anderson and Patrick J. Whitcomb 16 Top 10 Reasons Not to Base Service Life Predictions upon Accelerated Lab Light Stability Tests..........................................................................................................16-1 Eric T. Everett 17 Under What Regulation? .................................................................................................17-1 Arthur A. Tracton II Coating and Processing Techniques 18 Wire-Wound Rod Coating ..............................................................................................18-1 Donald M. MacLeod 19 Slot Die Coating for Low Viscosity Fluids.....................................................................19-1 Harry G. Lippert 20 Extrusion Coating with Acid Copolymers and Lonomers ...........................................20-1 Donald L. Brebner 21 Porous Roll Coater...........................................................................................................21-1 Frederic S. McIntyre 22 Rotary Screen Coating.....................................................................................................22-1 F. A. Goossens 23 Screen Printing ................................................................................................................23-1 Timothy B. McSweeney 24 Flexography ......................................................................................................................24-1 Richard Neumann 25 Ink-Jet Printing ................................................................................................................25-1 Naomi Luft Cameron 26 Electrodeposition of Polymers........................................................................................26-1 George E. F. Brewer 27 Electroless Plating............................................................................................................27-1 A. Vakelis 28 The Electrolizing Thin, Dense, Chromium Process......................................................28-1 Michael O’Mary 29 The Armoloy Chromium Process...................................................................................29-1 Michael O’Mary 30 Sputtered Thin Film Coatings ........................................................................................30-1 Brian E. Aufderheide 31 Vapor Deposition Coating Technologies .......................................................................31-1 Lindas Pranevicius xii © 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC

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Third Edition COATINGS TECHNOLOGY HANDBOOK © 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC Third Edition COATINGS TECHNOLOGY HANDBOOK Edited by Arthur A. Tracton Boca Raton London New York Singapore A CRC title, part of the Taylor & Francis imprint, a member of the Taylor & Francis Group, the academic division of T&F Informa plc. © 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC Published in 2006 by CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 © 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group No claim to original U.S. Government works Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 International Standard Book Number-10: 1-57444-649-5 (Hardcover) International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-57444-649-4 (Hardcover) This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reprinted material is quoted with permission, and sources are indicated. A wide variety of references are listed. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and the publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or for the consequences of their use. No part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced, transmitted, or utilized in any form by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without written permission from the publishers. For permission to photocopy or use material electronically from this work, please access www.copyright.com (http://www.copyright.com/) or contact the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. (CCC) 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-8400. CCC is a not-for-profit organization that provides licenses and registration for a variety of users. For organizations that have been granted a photocopy license by the CCC, a separate system of payment has been arranged. Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Catalog record is available from the Library of Congress Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at http://www.taylorandfrancis.com Taylor & Francis Group and the CRC Press Web site at is the Academic Division of T&F Informa plc. http://www.crcpress.com © 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC DK4036_C000.fm Page v Friday, July 1, 2005 1:40 PM Preface to Third Edition The world of coatings is very broad. The application techniques are many, and the uses are numerous. Technical people need to be aware of many things. One study said that a coating chemist must be proficient in 27 different disciplines. This book is directed at supplying a broad cross-index of some of the different aspects to help the technical person. It is not meant to be an in-depth treatise on any subject. It is meant to give insight into the various subjects covered. The chapter authors or the editor may be contacted for more information or direction on the subjects. To aid the person involved in coatings, inks, or adhesives, be they chemists, engineers, technicians, researchers, or manufacturers, chapters are given in the areas of fundamentals and testing, coating and processing, techniques and materials, and surface coatings. Each section contains information to expand the awareness and knowledge of someone practicing in the field. The objective is to help people solve problems and increase their level of technology. With time, technology increases, as shown by the chapter on statistical design of experiments, and the chapter on using equipment to determine ultraviolet (UV) resistance. Newer materials such as fluorocarbon resins, polyurethane thickeners, and high-temperature pigments are included as well as older materials such as alkyds, clays, and driers. To accomplish the presentation of technology, this book has been expanded to 118 chapters by adding new material and updating other material. Hopefully, the reader will expand his or her knowledge and further push the envelope of technology. The editor gratefully acknowledges the many contributions of the chapter authors and the publishers who have made this book possible. Arthur A. Tracton v © 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC DK4036_C000.fm Page vii Friday, July 1, 2005 1:40 PM Contributors N. J. Abbott Deepak G. Bhat Peter A. Callais Albany International Research GTE Valenite Corporation Pennwalt Corporation Company Troy, Michigan Buffalo, New York Dedham, Massachusetts Thomas P. Blomstrom Naomi Luft Cameron Harold Van Aken Monsanto Chemical Company Datek Information Services GretagMacbeth Springfield, Massachusetts Newtonville, Massachusetts New Windsor, New York Robert W. Carpenter Walter Alina Kenneth Bourlier Windsor Plastics, Inc. General Magnaplate Union Carbide Corporation Evansville, Indiana Corporation Bound Brook, New Jersey Linden, New Jersey Chi-Ming Chan J. David Bower Raychem Corporation Mark J. Anderson Hoechst Celanese Corporation Menlo Park, California Stat-Ease, Inc. Somerville, New Jersey Minneapolis, Minnesota Gary W. Cleary Robert D. Athey, Jr. Donald L. Brebner Cygnus Research Corporation Athey Technologies E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Redwood City, California El Cerrito, California Company Wilmington, Delaware Carl A. Dahlquist Brian E. Aufderheide 3M Company W. H. Brady Company Patrick Brennan St. Paul, Minnesota Milwaukee, Wisconsin Q-Panel Lab Products Cleveland, Ohio B. Davis Bruce R. Baxter ABM Chemicals Limited Specialty Products, Inc. Stockport, Cheshire, England Lakewood, Washington George E. F. Brewer George E. F. Brewer Coating Richey M. Davis Consultants William F. Beach Hercules Incorporated Birmingham, Michigan Bridgeport, New Jersey Wilmington, Delaware Edward A. Bernheim Lisa A. Burmeister David R. Day Exxene Corporation Aqualon Company Micromet Instruments, Inc. Corpus Christi, Texas Wilmington, Delaware Cambridge, Massachusetts vii © 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC DK4036_C000.fm Page viii Friday, July 1, 2005 1:40 PM Marcel Dery K. B. Gilleo Herman Hockmeyer Chemical Fabrics Corporation Sheldahl, Inc. Hockmeyer Equipment Merrimack, New Hampshire Northfield, Minnesota Corporation Elizabeth City, North Carolina Arnold H. Deutchman William S. Gilman BeamAlloy Corporation Gilman & Associates Krister Holmberg Dublin, Ohio South Plainfield, New Jersey Chalmers University of Technology John W Du F. A. Goossens Göteborg, Sweden BYK-Chemie USA Stork Brabant Wallingford, Connecticut Boxmeer, The Netherlands Albert G. Hoyle Hoyle Associates Richard P. Eckberg Joseph Green Lowell, Massachusetts General Electric Company FMC Corporation Schenectady, New York Princeton, New Jersey H. F. Huber Jesse Edenbaum Douglas Grossman Hüls Troisdorf AG Consultant Q-Panel Lab Products Troisdorf/Marl, Germany Cranston, Rhode Island Cleveland, Ohio Michael Iskowitz Eric T. Everett Clive H. Hare Kop-Coat Marine Group Q-Panel Lab Products Coating System Design, Inc. Rockaway, New Jersey Cleveland, Ohio Lakeville, Massachusetts William F. Harrington, Joseph L. Johnson Carol Fedor Jr. Aqualon Company Q-Panel Lab Products Uniroyal Adhesives and Sealants Wilmington, Delaware Cleveland, Ohio Company, Inc. Mishawaka, Indiana Stephen L. Kaplan William C. Feist Plasma Science, Inc. Consultant J. Rufford Harrison Belmont, California Middleton, Wisconsin E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Company R. H. Foster Douglas S. Kendall Wilmington, Delaware Eval Company of America National Enforcement Lisle, Illinois Investigations Center Helen Hatcher U.S. Environmental Protection Johnson Matthey Pigments & Agency James D. Gasper Dispersions Denver Federal Center ICI Resins US Kidsgrove, Stoke-on-Trent, Denver, Colorado Wilmington, Massachusetts Staffs, United Kingdom Sam Gilbert Jack Hickey Ashok Khokhani Sun Chemical Corporation International Paint Company Engelhard Corporation Cincinnati, Ohio Union, New Jersey Iselin, New Jersey viii © 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC DK4036_C000.fm Page ix Friday, July 1, 2005 1:40 PM Carol D. Klein Ronald A. Lombardi Helmut W. J. Müller Spectra Colors Corporation ICI Resins US BASF AG Kearny, New Jersey Wilmington, Massachusetts Ludwigshafen/Rhein, Germany Lisa C. Klein Donald M. MacLeod Richard Neumann Ceramic and Materials Industry Tech Windmöller & Hölscher Engineering Oldsmar, Florida Lengerich/Westfalen, Germany Rutgers — The State University of New Jersey Algirdas Matukonis Robert E. Norland Piscataway, New Jersey Kaunas Technical University Norland Products, Inc. Kaunas, Lithuania North Brunswick, New Jersey Joseph V. Koleske Charleston, West Virginia John A. McClenathan Milton Nowak IMD Corporation Troy Chemical Birmingham, Alabama Newark, New Jersey Alan Lambuth Boise Cascade Christopher W. Boise, Idaho Michael O’Mary McGlinchey The Armoloy Corporation The Metropolitan Museum of DeKalb, Illinois Kenneth Lawson Art DeSoto, Inc. New York, New York Robert J. Partyka Des Plaines, Illinois BeamAlloy Corporation Frederic S. McIntyre Dublin, Ohio B. H. Lee Acumeter Laboratories, Inc. Ciba-Geigy Corporation Marlborough, Massachusetts John A. Pasquale III Ardsley, New York Liberty Machine Company Timothy B. McSweeney Paterson, New Jersey Peter A. Lewis Screen Printing Association Sun Chemical Corporation International Cincinnati, Ohio Fairfax, Virginia Patrick Patton Q-Panel Lab Products Cleveland, Ohio Raimond Liepins R. Milker Los Alamos National Laboratory Lohmann GmbH Los Alamos, New Mexico Neuwied, Germany Detlef van Peij Solventborne Coatings — H. Thomas Lindland Samuel P. Morell Europe Flynn Burner Corporation S. P. Morell and Company Elementis GmbH New Rochelle, New York Armonk, New York Cologne, Germany Harry G. Lippert Wayne E. Mozer Kim S. Percell Extrusion Dies, Inc. Oxford Analytical, Inc. Witco Corporation Chippewa Falls, Wisconsin Andover, Massachusetts Memphis, Tennessee ix © 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC DK4036_C000.fm Page x Friday, July 1, 2005 1:40 PM Edwin P. Plueddemann Jaykumar (Jay) J. Shah Subbu Venkatraman Dow Corning Corporation Decora Raychem Corporation Midland, Michigan Fort Edward, New York Menlo Park, California Liudas Pranevicius Douglas N. Smith Theodore G. Vytautas Magnus University Waterborne Coatings — Global Vernardakis Kaunas, Lithuania Elementis GmbH BCM Inks USA, Inc. Cologne, Germany Cincinnati, Ohio Charles P. Rader Advanced Elastomer Systems, Steve Stalker Lawrence R. Waelde L.P. ITW Industrial Finishing Troy Corporation Akron, Ohio Glendale Heights, Illinois Florham Park, New Jersey Valentinas Rajeckas Henry R. Stoner Leonard E. Walp Kaunas Polytechnic University Henry R. Stoner Associates Witco Corporation Kaunas, Lithuania North Plainfield, New Jersey Memphis, Tennessee H. Randhawa D. Stoye Patrick J. Whitcomb Vac-Tec Systems, Inc. Hüls Troisdorf AG Stat-Ease, Inc. Boulder, Colorado Troisdorf/Marl, Germany Minneapolis, Minnesota Richard Rathmell K. Winkowski Larry S. Timm Londonderry, New Hampshire ISP Corporation Findley Adhesives, Inc. Piscataway, New Jersey Wauwatosa, Wisconsin Donald A. Reinke Oliver Products Company Kurt A. Wood Harry H. Tomlinson (Retired) Arkema, Inc. Witco Corporation Grand Rapids, Michigan King of Prussia, Pennsylvania Memphis, Tennessee Peter W. Rose Daniel M. Zavisza Arthur A. Tracton Plasma Science, Inc. Hercules Incorporated Consultant Belmont, California Wilmington, Delaware Bridgewater, New Jersey D. Satas Randall W. Zempel Satas & Associates George D. Vaughn Dow Chemical Company Warwick, Rhode Island Surface Specialties Melamines Midland, Michigan Springfield, Massachusetts Milton C. Schmit Ulrich Zorll Plymouth Printing Company, A. Vasˇkelis Forschungsinstitut fur Pigmente Inc. Lithuanian Academy of Sciences and Lacke Cranford, New Jersey Vilnius, Lithuania Stuttgart, Germany x © 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC DK4036_bookTOC.fm Page xi Friday, July 1, 2005 1:40 PM Contents I Fundamentals and Testing 1 Rheology and Surface Chemistry .....................................................................................1-1 K. B. Gilleo 2 Coating Rheology ..............................................................................................................2-1 Chi-Ming Chan and Subbu Venkatraman 3 Leveling...............................................................................................................................3-1 D. Satas* 4 Structure–Property Relationships in Polymers ..............................................................4-1 Subbu Venkatraman 5 The Theory of Adhesion....................................................................................................5-1 Carl A. Dahlquist 6 Adhesion Testing................................................................................................................6-1 Ulrich Zorll 7 Coating Calculations .........................................................................................................7-1 Arthur A. Tracton 8 Infrared Spectroscopy of Coatings...................................................................................8-1 Douglas S. Kendall 9 Thermal Analysis for Coatings Characterizations..........................................................9-1 William S. Gilman 10 Color Measurement for the Coatings Industry.............................................................10-1 Harold Van Aken 11 The Use of X-ray Fluorescence for Coat Weight Determinations ...............................11-1 Wayne E. Mozer 12 Sunlight, Ultraviolet, and Accelerated Weathering.......................................................12-1 Patrick Brennan and Carol Fedor 13 Cure Monitoring: Microdielectric Techniques ..............................................................13-1 David R. Day 14 Test Panels ........................................................................................................................14-1 Douglas Grossman and Patrick Patton *Deceased. xi © 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC DK4036_bookTOC.fm Page xii Friday, July 1, 2005 1:40 PM 15 Design of Experiments for Coatings..............................................................................15-1 Mark J. Anderson and Patrick J. Whitcomb 16 Top 10 Reasons Not to Base Service Life Predictions upon Accelerated Lab Light Stability Tests..........................................................................................................16-1 Eric T. Everett 17 Under What Regulation? .................................................................................................17-1 Arthur A. Tracton II Coating and Processing Techniques 18 Wire-Wound Rod Coating ..............................................................................................18-1 Donald M. MacLeod 19 Slot Die Coating for Low Viscosity Fluids.....................................................................19-1 Harry G. Lippert 20 Extrusion Coating with Acid Copolymers and Lonomers ...........................................20-1 Donald L. Brebner 21 Porous Roll Coater...........................................................................................................21-1 Frederic S. McIntyre 22 Rotary Screen Coating.....................................................................................................22-1 F. A. Goossens 23 Screen Printing ................................................................................................................23-1 Timothy B. McSweeney 24 Flexography ......................................................................................................................24-1 Richard Neumann 25 Ink-Jet Printing ................................................................................................................25-1 Naomi Luft Cameron 26 Electrodeposition of Polymers........................................................................................26-1 George E. F. Brewer 27 Electroless Plating............................................................................................................27-1 A. Vakelis 28 The Electrolizing Thin, Dense, Chromium Process......................................................28-1 Michael O’Mary 29 The Armoloy Chromium Process...................................................................................29-1 Michael O’Mary 30 Sputtered Thin Film Coatings ........................................................................................30-1 Brian E. Aufderheide 31 Vapor Deposition Coating Technologies .......................................................................31-1 Lindas Pranevicius xii © 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC

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