Coal information 2003

718 Pages·2003·5.174 MB·English

by  OECD

coal2003 full 8/07/03 11:27 Page 1
I E A S T A T I S T I C S
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
COAL STATISTICS
INFORMATION
This volume is a comprehensive reference book on current trends
in the world coal market. It contains an in-depth analysis of
COAL
the 2002 international coal market covering prices, demand,
2003
trade, supply and production capacity, as well as over 450 pages
of country-specific statistics on OECD and key non-OECD coal
producing and consuming countries.
In addition to country-specific statistics, Coal Information has up-to-date INFORMATION
data on coal-fired power stations in coal consuming countries and
coal ports in exporting and importing countries. It also contains
a summary of environmental policies as they affect coal consumption;
including particulate, sulphur dioxide, and nitrous oxide emission limits
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for new and existing boilers in OECD countries.
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Coal Information is one of a series of annual IEA statistical publications A
on major energy sources; other reports are Electricity Information, L
Natural Gas Information, Oil Information and Renewables Information.
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(61 2003 22 1 P1) €200 ISBN 92-64-10245-0
COAL INFORMATION (2003 Edition) - iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction.........................................................vii
PART I
WORLD COAL MARKET 2002
Chapter 1 - Overview..........................................I.3 Chapter 6 - Supply...........................................I.185
1.1 The Coal Market in 2002..........................I.3 6.1 Developments in World Coal
1.2 Energy Demand in 2002.........................I.14 Supply in 2001 and 2002....................I.185
1.3 Economic Outlook..................................I.15 6.2 Changes in Coal Production
1.4 World Energy Outlook...........................I.32 Policies................................................I.205
1.5 Data Sources in Tables 1.7 to 1.30.........I.38 6.3 Productivity and Labour Costs..............I.209
Long-Term Coal Statistics......................I.39 6.4 Production Capacity of
Export Coal.........................................I.213
Chapter 2 - Prices..............................................I.61 6.5 Coal Resources, Reserves
and Production....................................I.229
2.1 International Steam Coal Prices..............I.61
2.2 International Coking Coal Prices............I.67
Chapter 7 - Environmental Issues..................I.233
2.3 End-User Prices......................................I.69
Coal Price Statistics...............................I.70 7.1 Climate Issues.......................................I.233
7.2 Air Quality............................................I.246
Chapter 3 - Demand..........................................I.85 7.3 Emission Limits for Coal-Fired
Boilers.................................................I.260
3.1 Total and Hard Coal Demand.................I.87
3.2 Steam Coal..............................................I.89
3.3 Coking Coal............................................I.98
PART II
Coal Demand Statistics .......................I.103
OECD COAL DATA
Chapter 4 - Trade............................................I.127
4.1 Hard Coal..............................................I.127
Directory of Part II Tables and Figures..........II.3
4.2 Steam Coal............................................I.130
4.3 Coking Coal..........................................I.131
4.4 Coke Trade...........................................I.132 Principles and Definitions.................................II.4
4.5 Outlook for Coal Trade.........................I.133
I. General Notes..........................................II.4
Coal Trade Statistics............................I.144
II. Country Notes..........................................II.8
III. Price Data..............................................II.14
Chapter 5 - Transport.....................................I.151
IV. Net Calorific Values, Conversion
5.1 Maritime Transport...............................I.151 Factors and Exchange Rates..................II.15
5.2 Ports and Inland Transport...................I.156 V. Special Notes for Charts and Tables......II.19

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
iv - COAL INFORMATION (2003 Edition)
PART II PART III
OECD COAL DATA (continued) NON-OECD COAL DATA
Statistical Tables and Charts World Coal Supply and End-Use Statistics
1980, 1985, 1990, 1995, 1998 to 2001.......III.4
OECD Total........................................................II.20
OECD North America........................................II.30
OECD/IEA Pacific.............................................II.39 National Coal Balances and Trade Statistics
OECD Europe....................................................II.48
Brazil................................................................III.12
IEA Total............................................................II.58
Bulgaria............................................................III.14
IEA North America............................................II.67
Chinese Taipei..................................................III.16
IEA Europe.........................................................II.76
Colombia..........................................................III.18
Australia.............................................................II.85
Former USSR...................................................III.21
Austria................................................................II.94
Hong Kong, China............................................III.25
Belgium............................................................II.102
India..................................................................III.27
Canada..............................................................II.111
Indonesia...........................................................III.29
Czech Republic.................................................II.120
Israel.................................................................III.32
Denmark...........................................................II.129
People’s Republic of China..............................III.34
Finland..............................................................II.138
Romania............................................................III.38
France...............................................................II.146
Russia...............................................................III.40
Germany...........................................................II.155
South Africa......................................................III.43
Greece...............................................................II.165
Ukraine.............................................................III.46
Hungary............................................................II.173
Venezuela.........................................................III.50
Iceland..............................................................II.180
Vietnam............................................................III.52
Ireland...............................................................II.187

Italy...................................................................II.195
Coal Ports Survey...........................................III.54
Japan.................................................................II.203

Korea................................................................II.211
Survey of Coal-Fired Power Stations
Luxembourg.....................................................II.219
in Coal Importing Areas................................III.72
Mexico..............................................................II.226

Netherlands.......................................................II.233
New Zealand.....................................................II.243
Norway.............................................................II.250
Poland...............................................................II.258
Portugal............................................................II.267
Slovak Republic................................................II.275
Spain.................................................................II.282
Sweden.............................................................II.290
Switzerland.......................................................II.298
Turkey...............................................................II.305
United Kingdom...............................................II.312
United States.....................................................II.321

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
COAL INFORMATION (2003 Edition) - v
Units and Technical Abbreviations
- : zero
.. : not available
x : not applicable
0 or 0.0 : negligible
ABGC : Air Blown Gasification Cycle
BAT : best available technology
bbl : barrels
BPM : best practicable means
Btu : British termal unit
CIF : cost, insurance and freight
CCGT : Combined Cycle Gas Turbine
DCFROR : discounted cash flow rate of return
DM : Deutschmark
dwt : deadweight tonne
dwct : deadweight cargo tonne
e : estimated data, preliminary data
esp : electrostatic precipitator
f : forecast
FAS : free alongside ship
FBC : fluidised bed combustion
FGD : flue gas desulphurisation
FOB : free on board
FOBT : free on board, trimmed
GDP : Gross Domestic Product
GRT : gross registered tonnes
HHV : gross calorific value
HV : high volatile
IGCC : Integrated gas combined cycle
JFY : Japan Fiscal Year (April to March)
kcal : kilocalories (103 calories)
kt : thousand metric tonnes
LV : low volatile
LHV : net calorific value
MBtu : million British thermal units
Mt : million metric tonnes
Mta : million metric tonnes per annum
Mmt/a : million metric tonnes per annum
Mtoe : million metric tonnes of oil equivalent
Mtce : million metric tonnes of coal equivalent
MV : medium volatile
MW/MW : megawatts (electric)
e
MW : megawatts (thermal)
t
n.a. : not available
Nm3 : cubic metres of dry gas at 0oC temperature and 1 atmosphere pressure
p : preliminary data
PCI : coals for pulverised injection
PFBC : pressurised fluidised bed combustion
PM : particulate matter
proj. : projected
r : revised data
st : short ton
swad : salt water arrival draft
$ : US dollars (unless otherwise specified)
t : metric tonne = tonne
tce : tonne of coal equivalent (= 0.7 toe)
toe : tonne of oil equivalent
ton : metric tonne = tonne
TPES : Total Primary Energy Supply

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
vi - COAL INFORMATION (2003 Edition)
Abbreviations of Country, Company and Organisation Names:

ABB : Asea Brown Boveri
ABP : Associated British Ports
ATIC : Association Technique de l’Importation du Charbon
BHP : Broken Hill Pty. Ltd., Australia
BNSF : Burlington Northern Santa Fe (U.S. railroad)
BOT : Build, Operate, Transfer
BOO : Build, Own, Operate
B&W : Babcock and Wilcox
C-E : Combustion Engineering
CEE : Central and Eastern European economies
CN : Canadian Railways
CNW : Chicago NorthWestern (U.S. railroad)
CP : Canadian Pacific
CR : Conrail (U.S. railroad)
CSFR : Former Czech and Slovak Federal Republic (Czechoslovakia)
CSX : CSX Corporation (U.S. railroad)
EC : European Commission, Brussels
ECE : Economic Commission for Europe (United Nations, Geneva)
EDF : Electricité de France
EMO : Europees Massagoed Overslasbedrijf (Rotterdam)
ENEL : Ente Nazionale per l'Energia Elettrica (Italy)
EPDC : Electric Power Development Company (Japan)
ESB : Electricity Supply Board (Ireland)
ESKOM : South African electric utility
EU : European Union
FSU : Former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics/Soviet Union
FYROM : Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
IMT : International Marine Terminals
IVO : Finnish Utility Imatran Voima Oy
KEPCO : Korea Electric Power Company
MIM : Mount Isa Mines, Australia
MITI : Ministry of International Trade and Industry (Japan)
NK : Nippon Kokan
NO : New Orleans, LA
NS : Norfolk Southern Corporation (U.S. railroad)
NSW : New South Wales, Australia
OBA : Overslagsbedrijf Amsterdam
PKCT : Port Kembla Coal Terminal (NSW, Australia)
POSCO : Pohang Steel Company
PPA : Power Purchase Agreement
PWCS : Port Waratah Coal Services (NSW, Australia)
QLD : Queensland, Australia
QR : Queensland Railways
RBCT : Richards Bay Coal Terminal, South Africa
ROW : Rest of World
SP : Southern Pacific (U.S. railroad)
TDCI : Turkish Iron and Steel Corporation
UN : United Nations
UP : Union Pacific (U.S. railroad)
ZBM : Zeebrugse Behandeling Maatschappij
USSR : Union of Soviet Socialist Republics

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
COAL INFORMATION (2003 Edition) - vii
INTRODUCTION
Coal Information (2003 Edition) is the latest edition (SLT) questionnaire each year. Although Iceland is
of a publication that has been produced by the IEA not an IEA Member, energy projections are also
since 1983. submitted to the Secretariat by Iceland.
The report provides both Member countries of the In past issues of this publication, it has been cus-
OECD and those employed in all sectors of the coal tomary to include the projections of energy supply
industry with information on current world coal and demand submitted by IEA Members. However,
market trends and near term future trends for supply- in recent years, fewer and fewer IEA countries have
ing coal to the international seaborne coal market. submitted complete and statistically consistent en-
ergy projections. In 2003, six of the twenty-six IEA
Information is included on coal prices, demand,
countries submitted complete and statistically con-
trade, supply, production capacity, transport, envi-
sistent projections. Iceland also submitted complete
ronmental issues (including emission standards for
and statistically consistent projections. Deterioration
coal-fired boilers), coal ports, coal-fired power sta-
of the quality of the energy projection statistics has
tions and coal used in non-OECD countries.
rendered the publication of these data, along with
The report is compiled from the IEA Coal Informa-
historical time series, less meaningful. Therefore,
tion System that was established by a decision of
the editor has elected to drop them from the publica-
IEA Ministers. Data coverage in the report is based
tion. For readers who would like to review both the
on recommendations from the Coal Industry Advi-
complete and consistent; and, the incomplete and
sory Board1, an identification of information needs,
inconsistent energy projections, the data are pro-
and review of available information.
vided in the publication Energy Policies of IEA
The OECD has 30 Member countries. Energy data Countries. Information on obtaining this publication
for all Member countries are presented in Part II and is provided on the IEA website at
included in all OECD totals or regional aggregates. http://www.iea.org.
The IEA has 26 Member countries; Iceland, Mexico, In addition to the deletion of energy supply and de-
Poland and the Slovak Republic are Members of the mand projections based upon the SLT questionnaire,
OECD but not of the IEA. All 30 OECD Member changes this year include the omission of narrative
countries submit their official historical energy data on the “Top Ten Commercial Coal Producers,” and
to the IEA Secretariat on annual questionnaires. “Indicative Coal Export Costs.” The narrative on
However, only IEA Member countries are required commercial coal producers was not updated due to
to submit their official energy projections on the insufficient staff resources. The section on coal ex-
annual Standing Group on Long-Term Cooperation port costs was, in the past, updated annually and
provided at nominal cost by a major coal research

institute; however the principal in charge of the
1. The Coal Industry Advisory Board of the IEA was set up in 1979
work retired in 2000, and updates of the costs are no
to provide a forum for advice from senior managers involved in the
mining, trade, transport and use of coal. longer available.
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
viii - COAL INFORMATION (2003 Edition)
Part I of the publication contains a review of world Coal statistics for non-OECD countries are pre-
coal market developments in 2002. It also includes a sented in Part III of the book. Summary data are
summary from the IEA’s World Energy Outlook available on hard coal supply and end-use statistics
which provides the Secretariat’s projections of en- for about 40 countries and regions world-wide.
ergy demand to 2030. Finally, there is a section on Data are based on official national submissions to
production capacity of seaborne export coal with the United Nations in Geneva and New York, na-
projections to 2006 that provides some insight into tional energy publications, information provided to
future prospects for supplying the international coal the IEA Secretariat by national statistical offices and
market. unofficial Secretariat sources. Information on coal in
non-OECD countries is published annually by the
Part II provides, in tabular and graphic form, a more
IEA in Energy Statistics of Non-OECD Countries
detailed and comprehensive statistical picture of
and Energy Balances of Non-OECD Countries.
coal developments in the OECD, by region and for
Also included in Part III are the Survey of Coal
individual Member countries. Readers are strongly
Ports world-wide and the Survey of Coal-fired
advised to read the notes for individual countries in
Power Stations.
Principles and Definitions in Part II in order to un-
derstand the details of statistical methodology and Information on purchasing IEA publications and CD
collection practices that affect the data. Roms is available on the IEA website.
The annual historical data in Part II of this report are Time series data, generally from 1960, are included
taken from the IEA/OECD databases of Energy Sta- on CD Rom. In addition to the CD Rom, a data
tistics which are based on annual submissions from service is available on the internet that includes
OECD Member countries. Once received by the unlimited access through an annual subscription or a
Energy Statistics Division of the IEA Secretariat, pay-per-view basis. Details are available at
these “official” data are carefully checked for arith- http://www.iea.org.
metic errors, for consistency with historical data and
The continuation of Coal Information in its present
various national publications, and for consistency
form results, in part, from the valuable comments
with IEA product definitions and reporting conven-
received from users, in particular, the Standing
tions. All errors and apparent inconsistencies or
Committee on Coal Information of the IEA's Coal
anomalies are referred to national administrations
Industry Advisory Board (CIAB).
before data are considered final and stored in the
IEA’s energy databases. If it is necessary for the The Secretariat would like to thank the many people
IEA Secretariat to estimate data, these estimates are who generously contribute their time each year to
also referred to the relevant Member country for the preparation of Coal Information. In addition to
review before being finalised by the Secretariat. providing the most up to date information, their
comments provide an invaluable source of advice to
Footnotes on individual tables and the notes in Prin-
the IEA Secretariat on the information needs of
ciples and Definitions in Part II provide more infor-
OECD Member countries and of the coal industry.
mation on Secretariat estimates, and IEA statistical
methods and procedures. In addition, calorific val- The assistance of the Coal Information Committee
ues and exchange rates used for preparing national of the CIAB, under the Chairmanship of Mr Brian
energy balances and the reporting of prices in US Ricketts of UK Coal PLC, is gratefully acknowl-
dollars are presented. All units are metric, unless edged. Dr Hans Gruss (formerly of PreussenElek-
specified. tra), and Dr Hans-Wilhelm Schiffer of RWE Power
Price data in Part II are reproduced from IEA's quar- AG make special contributions to the book each
terly publication Energy Prices and Taxes. Readers year. A special acknowledgement goes to Dr Hans
are advised to consult this publication for full refer- Gruss, who after supporting this publication for
ences to methods and data sources. All of Part II nearly 20 years with his work on seaborne coal ex-
tables and selected tables from Part I are available port capacity, has elected to retire. Both his analyti-
on CD Rom and on the IEA website at cal contribution, and his friendly advice and support
http//www.iea.org. Further information on reporting will be greatly missed. All errors and omissions re-
methodologies is also available on the IEA website. main the Secretariat’s responsibility.
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
COAL INFORMATION (2003 Edition) - ix
Energy data on OECD and non-OECD countries are balances. Editorial and secretarial support from
collected by the team in the Energy Statistics Divi- Ms Sharon Michel, Ms Susan Stolarow, and
sion (ESD) of the IEA Secretariat, headed by Ms. Amanda Watters are also gratefully acknowledged.
Mr Jean-Yves Garnier. Coal statistics in ESD in
Enquiries, comments and suggestions are welcome
2002-2003 were the responsibility of Mr Marek
and should be addressed to:
Sturc, Mr Antonio Di Cecca. Mr John Cameron
(IEA Energy Diversification Division) contributed Lawrence Metzroth or Jan Kuchta
heavily to Part 1, Chapter 6, and Mrs. Kristi Va- Energy Statistics Division,
rangu and Ms. Jenny Gell (IEA Energy and Envi- International Energy Agency
ronment) updated Part 1, Chapter 7. Mr Lawrence 9, rue de la Fédération, 75739 Paris Cedex 15,
Metzroth prepared the final versions of Chapters 1 France
to 7 and has overall editorial responsibility.
Telephone:........(33) (1) 40 57 66 31 or 40 57 65 41
Also in the IEA Secretariat, thanks are due to Telefax:.....................................(33) (1) 40 57 66 49
Mr Riccardo Quercioli, and Ms Karen Tréanton for E-mail:[email protected]
assistance with non-OECD coal statistics and energy [e-mail]

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY

COAL INFORMATION (2003 Edition) PART I
PART I

WORLD COAL MARKET
2002

INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY