Cloud Computing with an emphasis on Google App Engine

146 Pages·2012·3.75 MB·English

by  Adam Gedymin

Cloud Computing
with an emphasis on
Google App Engine
Master Final Project

Author: Adam Gedymin
Academic Advisor: Xavier Franch Gutiérrez

Facultad de Informática de Barcelona
Máster en Tecnologías de la Información
September 2011
Cloud Computing with an emphasis on PaaS and Google App Engine

Index
1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 7
1.1 Project Context .............................................................................................................. 7
1.2 Motivation ..................................................................................................................... 8
1.3 Project Objectives ......................................................................................................... 8
1.4 Document Structure ...................................................................................................... 9
2 Description and Analysis of Cloud Computing .................................................................... 10
2.1 Deployment Models .................................................................................................... 13
2.1.1 Private Cloud ....................................................................................................... 13
2.1.1.1 Virtual Private Cloud (PVC) .............................................................................. 15
2.1.1.2 Private Cloud in Practice ................................................................................. 16
2.1.2 Public Cloud ......................................................................................................... 18
2.1.2.1 Migration ......................................................................................................... 20
2.1.2.1.1 Requirements Specification ...................................................................... 20
2.1.2.1.2 Assessing Security and Privacy Risks ......................................................... 21
2.1.2.1.3 Assessing the Competency of the Cloud Provider .................................... 21
2.1.3 Hybrid Cloud ........................................................................................................ 22
2.1.4 Community Cloud ................................................................................................ 24
2.2 Service Models ............................................................................................................ 25
2.2.1 Saas (Software as a Service) ................................................................................ 27
2.2.1.1 Benefits ............................................................................................................ 29
2.2.1.2 Drawbacks ....................................................................................................... 30
2.2.1.3 Main providers ................................................................................................ 31
2.2.1.3.1 Google ....................................................................................................... 31
2.2.1.3.2 Salesforce.com .......................................................................................... 31
2.2.1.4 Case Studies..................................................................................................... 32
2.2.1.4.1 BBVA .......................................................................................................... 32
2.2.1.4.2 IRB Barcelona ............................................................................................ 33
2.2.2 PaaS (Platform as a Service) ................................................................................ 33
2.2.2.1 Benefits ............................................................................................................ 36
2.2.2.2 Drawbacks ....................................................................................................... 37
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Cloud Computing with an emphasis on PaaS and Google App Engine

2.2.2.3 Main Providers ................................................................................................ 38
2.2.2.4 Case Study ....................................................................................................... 38
2.2.2.4.1 Menumate ................................................................................................. 38
2.2.3 IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service) ......................................................................... 40
2.2.3.1 Benefits ............................................................................................................ 41
2.2.3.2 Drawbacks ....................................................................................................... 42
2.2.3.3 Main Providers ................................................................................................ 43
2.2.3.3.1 Amazon ..................................................................................................... 43
2.2.3.3.2 Joyent ........................................................................................................ 44
2.2.3.3.3 Layered Technologies (Layered Tech) ....................................................... 45
2.2.3.3.4 Terremark .................................................................................................. 45
2.2.3.3.5 GoGrid ....................................................................................................... 45
2.2.3.3.6 VMware ..................................................................................................... 45
2.2.3.3.7 AT&T .......................................................................................................... 46
2.2.3.3.8 Rackspace .................................................................................................. 46
2.2.3.4 Case study ....................................................................................................... 46
2.2.3.4.1 Oil & Gas SME [37] .................................................................................... 46
2.3 Summary ..................................................................................................................... 50
3 Comparison of Different PaaS solutions ............................................................................. 52
3.1 PaaS Architecture ........................................................................................................ 53
3.1.1 iPaaS (Integration Platform as a Service) ............................................................ 54
3.1.2 dbPaaS (Database as a Service) ........................................................................... 55
3.1.3 bpmPaaS (Business Process Management as a Service) ..................................... 55
3.1.4 Cloud Foundation ................................................................................................ 56
3.1.5 Performance Foundation .................................................................................... 57
3.2 PaaS Providers Description ......................................................................................... 59
3.2.1 Windows Azure ................................................................................................... 59
3.2.2 Google App Engine .............................................................................................. 60
3.2.3 AWS Elastic BeanStalk ......................................................................................... 60
3.2.4 Force.com ............................................................................................................ 61
3.2.5 Heroku ................................................................................................................. 61
3.2.6 CloudFoundry ...................................................................................................... 61
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Cloud Computing with an emphasis on PaaS and Google App Engine

3.2.7 OpenShift ............................................................................................................. 62
3.3 Comparative Table ...................................................................................................... 63
3.3.1 Possible Deployments ......................................................................................... 63
3.3.2 Programming Language Frameworks .................................................................. 64
3.3.3 Developer Tools ................................................................................................... 65
3.3.4 Backend Infrastructure ........................................................................................ 65
3.3.5 Persistence Options ............................................................................................. 65
3.4 Private PaaS ................................................................................................................. 68
3.5 Summary ..................................................................................................................... 70
4 Google App Engine .............................................................................................................. 71
4.1 Technology Support .................................................................................................... 72
4.2 Google Database ......................................................................................................... 75
4.2.1 Datastore ............................................................................................................. 76
4.2.1.1 Data Repository ............................................................................................... 78
4.2.1.2 Datastore Interfaces ........................................................................................ 79
4.2.2 Cloud SQL ............................................................................................................ 80
4.2.2.1 Features ........................................................................................................... 80
4.2.2.2 Restrictions ...................................................................................................... 80
4.3 Integrated Services ...................................................................................................... 82
4.3.1 App Identity ......................................................................................................... 82
4.3.2 Blobstore ............................................................................................................. 83
4.3.3 Google Cloud Storage .......................................................................................... 83
4.3.4 Capabilities .......................................................................................................... 84
4.3.5 Channel ................................................................................................................ 84
4.3.6 Conversion ........................................................................................................... 84
4.3.7 Images ................................................................................................................. 84
4.3.8 Log Service ........................................................................................................... 84
4.3.9 Mail ...................................................................................................................... 84
4.3.10 Memcache ........................................................................................................... 85
4.3.11 Multitenancy ....................................................................................................... 85
4.3.12 OAuth .................................................................................................................. 85
4.3.13 Prospective Search .............................................................................................. 86
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Cloud Computing with an emphasis on PaaS and Google App Engine

4.3.14 Search .................................................................................................................. 86
4.3.15 Task Queues ........................................................................................................ 86
4.3.16 URL Fetch ............................................................................................................. 87
4.3.17 Users .................................................................................................................... 87
4.3.18 XMPP ................................................................................................................... 87
4.3.19 App Engine Cron Service ..................................................................................... 88
4.4 Tools ............................................................................................................................ 89
4.4.1 Development Server ............................................................................................ 89
4.4.2 Datastore Viewer ................................................................................................. 90
4.4.3 Task Queues ........................................................................................................ 90
4.4.4 XMPP ................................................................................................................... 91
4.4.5 Inbound Mail ....................................................................................................... 91
4.4.6 Backends ............................................................................................................. 91
4.4.7 Capabilities Status ............................................................................................... 92
4.4.8 Google Plugin for Eclipse ..................................................................................... 92
4.4.9 Local Unit Testing ................................................................................................ 93
4.4.10 Appstats ............................................................................................................... 93
4.5 Limits, Quotas & Billing ............................................................................................... 94
4.6 Summary ..................................................................................................................... 96
5 Pilot Application .................................................................................................................. 97
5.1 Project Strategy ........................................................................................................... 98
5.1.1 Objective and Scope of the Pilot Application ...................................................... 98
5.1.2 Technology and Motivation ................................................................................ 98
5.2 Requirement Management ......................................................................................... 99
5.2.1 Obtaining the Requirements ............................................................................... 99
5.2.2 Non-Functional Requirements .......................................................................... 100
5.3 Functional Design ...................................................................................................... 102
5.3.1 Use Case Diagram .............................................................................................. 102
5.3.2 Functional Requirements .................................................................................. 103
5.3.3 Conceptual Data Model..................................................................................... 112
5.3.3.1 Conceptual Model Class Description ............................................................. 113
5.3.4 Navigation Map ................................................................................................. 115
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Cloud Computing with an emphasis on PaaS and Google App Engine

5.3.5 User Interface Design ........................................................................................ 116
5.3.5.1 User Interface of the Default Site of the Application .................................... 117
5.3.5.2 User Interface of the Account Site ................................................................ 118
5.3.5.3 Chat and loan User Interface......................................................................... 119
5.3.6 Logical Architecture ........................................................................................... 120
5.3.7 Used Technologies ............................................................................................ 122
5.4 Technical Design ........................................................................................................ 123
5.4.1 Sequence Diagrams ........................................................................................... 123
5.4.1.1 Show Blog News Use Case ............................................................................. 123
5.4.1.2 Chat Use Case ................................................................................................ 124
5.4.1.3 Add New Account Use Case .......................................................................... 125
5.4.2 Pilot Application´s File Structure ....................................................................... 126
5.4.3 Specification of the User Interface .................................................................... 128
5.5 Project Evaluation ..................................................................................................... 130
5.5.1 Identified Obstacles ........................................................................................... 130
5.5.1.1 Running JavaServer Faces on Google App Engine ......................................... 130
5.5.1.2 Communication with GAE Datastore ............................................................ 130
5.5.1.3 Application Performance ............................................................................... 131
5.5.1.4 Serialization Issues ........................................................................................ 132
5.5.1.5 Memcache ..................................................................................................... 132
5.5.2 Further Observations ........................................................................................ 133
5.5.2.1 Tests .............................................................................................................. 133
5.5.2.2 Chat Implementation .................................................................................... 133
6 Planning and Economic Study of the Project .................................................................... 135
6.1 Project Planning ........................................................................................................ 135
6.1.1 Initial planning ................................................................................................... 135
6.1.2 Actual planning .................................................................................................. 137
6.2 Economic Study ......................................................................................................... 139
7 Conclusions ....................................................................................................................... 141
8 Bibliography ...................................................................................................................... 143

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Cloud Computing with an emphasis on PaaS and Google App Engine

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Cloud Computing with an emphasis on PaaS and Google App Engine

1 Introduction

In an attempt to gain a competitive advantage, businesses are increasingly looking for
innovative ways to minimize the costs while maximizing value – especially now, during the
time of financial crisis. Organizations realize that they need to grow, but at the same time they
are urged to save money. Such tendency has led to growing acceptance of innovative
technologies and boom in cloud computing. Hence this process caused situation common to
many innovations and new technologies i.e. common understanding of cloud computing is
continuously evolving, thus the terminology and concepts necessary for defining it often need
clarifying.

However, before an organization decides to migrate to the cloud, it is crucial to realize what
should be done, and what provider should be chosen. Not all cloud computing providers are
the same. The range and quality of offered services varies extremely, so it is recommended to
investigate the market thoroughly, with a clearly defined set of requirements in mind.

1.1 Project Context

This project was developed as a part of an agreement between the Master in Information
Technologies (MIT) of the Faculty of Informatics in Barcelona (FIB) of the Technical University
of Catalonia (UPC) and the company Everis. The project has been developed on premises of
Everis, under full-time contract with the objectives of: putting into practice the knowledge
gained during the studies in Master program, conducting an in-depth research of cloud
computing, and testing Google App Engine – the cloud platform of Google.
Everis is a multinational consulting company providing its services (business, strategy, and
development) to the organizations from the following sectors: Telecommunication, Finance,
Energy & Utilities, Banking, Insurance, Public Administration, Media, Business, and Health.
Currently Everis operates in many countries from Europe, United States, and South America,
and hires over 10,000 employees.

Below is presented the office distribution of Everis’ offices.
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Cloud Computing with an emphasis on PaaS and Google App Engine

Figure 1.1 Everis´ office distribution

1.2 Motivation

One of many approaches to exploit new technologies within the area of innovation TEC in
Everis is through hiring students willing to realize their final projects in the company. These
students with help of a senior employee conduct market analysis, make product comparisons,
or develop sample applications. Thus such collaboration between the intern and the company
is very convenient as many of those tasks require many hours of work which Everis employees
might not have.

Nowadays, Everis encounters itself in a very difficult time, when more and more companies
decide to move into cloud, finding it as a cost-cutting solution. In order to continue providing
an innovative approach Everis has to be able to offer what its customers want i.e. innovative
cloud solutions. Hence, the company wants to specialize in PaaS (platform as a service), and as
such it was decided to dedicate the internship for such purposes.

1.3 Project Objectives

The following are to objectives given by Everis in for successful accomplishment of the project:

 To describe Cloud Computing and its elements in general.

 To identify leading providers of Platform as a Service cloud and to compare them, and
their solutions.

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Cloud Computing with an emphasis on PaaS and Google App Engine

 To describe in detail Google´s PaaS platform, its tools, environment, and
functionalities.

 To develop a small pilot application in order to test against some of the Google´s
integrated APIs and discover the way they function.

1.4 Document Structure

 Chapter 2 - Definition of cloud computing and its deployment and service models.
Some case studies were presented to facilitate understanding of each.

 Chapter 3 - In-depth definition of Platform as a Service cloud and its structure,
comparison of leading public PaaS providers and their solutions.

 Chapter 4 – Specification of Google App Engine and its components. The Google´s
platform was given a deeper look and there was explained Google´s approach to cloud,
along with billing information and how to operate within the local environment.

 Chapter 5 – Description of the pilot application following the Everis´ methodology.

 Chapter 6 – Project planning with Gantt diagrams showing the initial and final planning
of the project. Also economic study was included in that chapter.

 Chapter 7 – Observations concluded once the project is finished.

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