Cloak and Gown: Scholars in the Secret War, 1939-1961

616 Pages·1989·107.438 MB·English

by  Robin W. Winks

SCHOLARS
THE
IN
SECRET WAR.193M961
ROBIN W. WINKS
>*22 -IS
CLOAK
&GOWN
Scholars in the Secret War,
1939-1961
ROBIN W. WINKS
This book began as a casual conversation on
the campus ofYale University. Itended as the
fullestandbestinvestigativeaccountbyanac-
creditedhistorianintohowtheOSSwasestab-
lished, by whom, and what it achieved. Based
on previously unpublished private papers, re-
centlydeclassifieddocuments, plusinterviews
with more than two hundred former OSS and
CIA agents, Cloak & Gown explores the un-
derlying bonds between the world ofthe uni-
versityandthatoftheintelligencecommunity
In this unique approach to the workings of
secret operations, Cloak & Gown examines
the real careers ofmen and women from uni-
versitybackgrounds—thecampus, thelibrary,
the professors and athletes, the theorists and
critics—as they are embroiled in the task of
defending America. As a result, the reader
comes to understand the conflicts, complex-
ities, successes, and failures that are inherent
when ademocracy is confrontedby the issues
createdby aneedforintelligence.
As Cloak & Gown shows, the paternity of
the CIA by the OSS is clear. Of the thirteen
thousandmenandwomenwhoworkedforthe
OSS, agreatnumberhelpedestablishtheCIA.
Of these, Yale men, and a few women, were
numerous. Overall, the OSS recruited from
the Ivy League universities, because those
universities continued to require the ability to
speak a foreign language for graduation, and
from the largest of the state universities as
well. Initially the American spy game was
peopled largely by scholars.
(continuedon backflap)
BOSTON
PUBLIC
LIBRARY

CLOAK
& GOWN

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& GOWN l961
SCHOLARS THE
IN
WAR
SECRET
WINKS
ROBIN W.
William MorrowandCompany, Inc., New York
BRIGHTON
—
Copyright © 1987 by Robin W. Winks
From "Gerontion" in COLLECTED POEMS 1909-1962byT.S. Eliot,
copyright 1935, 1936by Harcourt BraceJovanovich, Inc.; copyright © 1964
byT.S. Eliot. Reprinted by permission ofthe publisher.
All rights reserved. No partofthis book maybe reproduced orutilizedin
anyform or by any means, electronicormechanical, including
photocopying, recording orby anyinformation storage and retrieval
system, without permission in writingfrom the Publisher. Inquiriesshould
be addressed to Permissions Department, William Morrow and Company,
Inc., 105 Madison Ave., NewYork, N.Y. 10016.
Library ofCongress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Winks, Robin W.
Cloak and gown.
Bibl—iography: p.
1. Intelligence service United States. 2. Sc—holars
United States. 3. Universities and colleges United
States. I. Title.
JK468.I6W48 1987 327.1'2'0973 87-7683
ISBN 0-688-07300-X
Printed in the United States ofAmerica
First Edition
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BOOK DESIGN BY BARBARA MARKS
Tofriends and colleagues who helped:
W.E.W., R.T.A., E.M.W.,
R.V.D., J.G.A., T.C.M.,
T.J.N. G.W.P., A.B.G.,
,
W.L.P., S.K., G.C.,
D.R., AND C.K., JR.