clinical veterinary advisor PDF
Preview clinical veterinary advisor
Online access makes it easy to find topics instantly! Visit A companion website includes the entire text of Clinical Veterinary Advisor: The Horse in a fully searchable format, plus all of the book’s images. Look up information in any location with web access, and print out the pages you need. The site also includes: • A searchable drug formulary with entries for 145 medications • Algorithms with step-by-step guidance to clinical assessment and treatment planning for 50 common disorders • 100 printable client education sheets in both English and Spanish to help strengthen clients’ comprehension and compliance (cid:2)(cid:3)(cid:4)(cid:5)(cid:6)(cid:7)(cid:8)(cid:9)(cid:5)(cid:10)(cid:11)(cid:3)(cid:6)(cid:12)(cid:9)(cid:13) K A (cid:2)(cid:14)(cid:15)(cid:6)(cid:9)(cid:16)(cid:9)(cid:4)(cid:11) BP/ 8 0 9 0 0 1 L S CLINICAL VETERINARY ADVISOR The Horse Editor-in-Chief David A. Wilson , , DVM MS DACVS Professor, Equine Surgery Section Head, Equine Medicine & Surgery Hospital Director Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital Department of Veterinary Medicine & Surgery College of Veterinary Medicine University of Missouri Columbia, Missouri 3251 Riverport Lane St. Louis, Missouri 63043 CLINICAL VETERINARY ADVISOR: THE HORSE I SBN: 978-1-4160-9979-6 Copyright © 2012 by Saunders, an affi liate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Details on how to seek permission, further information about the Publisher’ s permissions policies and our arrangements with organizations such as the Copyright Clearance Center and the Copyright Licensing Agency, can be found at our website: www.elsevier.com/permissions . This book and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the Publisher (other than as may be noted herein). Notices Knowledge and best practice in this fi eld are constantly changing. As new research and experience broaden our understanding, changes in research methods, professional practices, or medical treatment may become necessary. Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating and using any information, methods, compounds, or experiments described herein. In using such information or methods they should be mindful of their own safety and the safety of others, including parties for whom they have a professional responsibility. With respect to any drug or pharmaceutical products identifi ed, readers are advised to check the most current information provided (i) on procedures featured or (ii) by the manufacturer of each product to be administered, to verify the recommended dose or formula, the method and duration of administration, and contraindications. It is the responsibility of practitioners, relying on their own experience and knowledge of their patients, to make diagnoses, to determine dosages and the best treatment for each individual patient, and to take all appropriate safety precautions. To the fullest extent of the law, neither the Publisher nor the authors, contributors, or editors, assume any liability for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of product liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions, or ideas contained in the material herein. International Standard Book Number: 978-1-4160-9979-6 Vice President and Publishing Director: Linda Duncan Publisher, Veterinary Medicine: Penny Rudolph Developmental Editor: Lauren Harms Publishing Services Manager: Patricia Tannian Project Manager: Carrie Stetz Design Direction: Paula Catalano Working together to grow libraries in developing countries www.elsevier.com | www.bookaid.org | www.sabre.org Printed in the United States of America Last digit is the print number: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Editor-in-Chief David A. Wilson, DVM, MS, DACVS Skin Professor, Equine Surgery Section Head, Equine Medicine & Surgery Hospital Director Veterinary Medicine Teaching Hospital Department of Veterinary Medicine & Surgery College of Veterinary Medicine University of Missouri Columbia, Missouri Editors Michelle Henry Barton, DVM, PhD, Patricia M. Dowling, D VM, MSc, DACVIM, DACVIM DACVCP Liver Pharmacologic Principles Fuller E. Callaway Endowed Chair Professor, Veterinary Clinical Pharmacology; Professor, Large Animal Internal Medicine Director, Canadian gFARAD Department of Large Animal Medicine Western College of Veterinary Medicine College of Veterinary Medicine University of Sasketchewan The University of Georgia Saskatoon, Sasketchewan, Canada Athens, Georgia Mary M. Durando, DVM, PhD, DACVIM Jeffrey N. Bryan, DVM, MS, PhD, DACVIM (Large Animal) Oncology Cardiovascular System Assistant Professor Equine Sports Medicine Consultants, LLC Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences Landenberg, Pennsylvania College of Veterinary Medicine Washington State University Pullman, Washington Cynthia L. Gaskill, DVM, PhD Daniel J. Burke, PhD Toxicology Nutrition Associate Professor Director of Equine Nutrition Veterinary Clinical Toxicology Tribute Equine Nutrition/Kalmbach Feeds, Inc. Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory Upper Sandusky, Ohio University of Kentucky Lexington, Kentucky Brian C. Gilger, DVM, MS, DACVO James L. Carmalt, MA, VetMB, MVetSc, Ophthalmology FRCVS, DABVP(Eq), DACVS Professor of Ophthalmology Dentistry Department of Clinical Sciences Associate Professor College of Veterinary Medicine Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences North Carolina State University Western College of Veterinary Medicine Raleigh, North Carolina University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada iii iv Editors R. Reid Hanson, DVM, DACVS, DACVECC Eric J. Parente, DVM, DACVS Emergency and Critical Care Upper Respiratory Disorders Professor of Surgery Associate Professor J.T. Vaughan Teaching Hospital Department of Clinical Studies Department of Clinical Sciences New Bolton Center College of Veterinary Medicine University of Pennsylvania Auburn University School of Veterinary Medicine Auburn, Alabama Kennett Square, Pennsylvania Stephen M. Reed, D VM, DACVIM Philip J. Johnson, BVSc(Hons), MS, Neurology DACVIM, DECEIM, MRCVS Associate Veterinarian Laminitis Internal Medicine Professor and Instructional Leader Rood & Riddle Equine Hospital Equine Medicine and Surgery Lexington, Kentucky Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery College of Veterinary Medicine University of Missouri Juan C. Samper, DVM, MSc, PhD, DACT Columbia, Missouri Reproduction Veterinary Reproductive Services Andris J. Kaneps, DVM, PhD, DACVS, Langley, British Columbia, Canada DACVSMR Musculoskeletal Staff Surgeon New England Equine Medical and Surgical Center Elizabeth M. Santschi, DVM, DACVS Dover, New Hampshire Foals Associate Professor Maureen T. Long, D VM, PhD, DACVM Equine Surgery Infectious Diseases Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences Associate Professor, Large Animal Medicine College of Veterinary Medicine Department of Infectious Diseases and The Ohio State University Pathology Columbus, Ohio College of Veterinary Medicine Debra C. Sellon, DVM, PhD, DACVM University of Florida Infectious Diseases Gainesville, Florida Professor, Equine Medicine Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences Tim Mair, BVSc, PhD, DEIM, DESTS, College of Veterinary Medicine DECEIM, MRCVS Associate Dean, Graduate School Gastrointestinal Washington State University Partner Pullman, Washington Bell Equine Veterinary Clinic Mereworth, Maidstone Ceri Sherlock, B Vet Med, MRCVS, DACVS Kent, United Kingdom Gastrointestinal Large Animal Surgery Clinical Instructor Melissa R. Mazan, DVM, DACVIM Department of Large Animal Medicine Lower Respiratory Disorders College of Veterinary Medicine Associate Professor The University of Georgia Director, Issaam Fares Equine Sports Medicine Athens, Georgia Program Department of Clinical Sciences Nathan Slovis, DVM, DACVIM, CHT Sports Medicine (Certifi ed Hyperbaric Technologist) Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine Section VI: Drug Formulary Tufts University Director North Grafton, Massachusetts Hagyard Equine Medical Insititute McGee Critical Care and Medical Center Amelia Munsterman, DVM, MS, DACVS, Lexington, Kentucky DACVECC Emergency & Critical Care Clinical Instructor Phoebe A. Smith, DVM, DACVIM Equine Critical Care Medicine and Surgery Foals Department of Clinical Sciences Riviera Equine College of Veterinary Medicine Internal Medicine & Consulting Auburn University Santa Ynez, California Auburn, Alabama Editors v Ahmed Tibary, DMV, MS, DSc, PhD, DACT Bryan M. Waldridge, DVM, MS, DABVP Reproduction (Equine Practice), DACVIM Professor Urinary Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences Kentucky Equine Research College of Veterinary Medicine Versailles, Kentucky Washington State University Pullman, Washington Ian Tizard, BVMS, BSc, PhD, DACVIM Charles Wiedmeyer, DVM, PhD, DACVP Immunology Laboratory Tests Professor of Immunology Assistant Professor, Veterinary Clinical Department of Veterinary Pathobiology Pathology College of Veterinary Medicine Department of Veterinary Pathobiology Texas A & M University College of Veterinary Medicine College Station, Texas University of Missouri Columbia, Missouri Ramiro E. Toribio, D VM, MS, PhD, DACVIM Endocrinology Associate Professor Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine The Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio CONTRIBUTORS Katie S. Amend, DVM Brenda T. Beerntsen, PhD Melissa Bourgeois, DVM, Kelly L. Carlson, DVM Resident Associate Professor PhD Veterinary Resident Instructor Department of Clinical Department of Veterinary Emerging Infectious Disease Large Animal Clinical Sciences Sciences Pathobiology Fellow College of Veterinary College of Veterinary College of Veterinary Centers for Disease Control Medicine & Biomedical Medicine and Biomedical Medicine and Prevention Sciences Sciences University of Missouri Atlanta, Georgia Texas A & M University Colorado State University Columbia, Missouri College Station, Texas Fort Collins, Colorado Jennifer A. Brown, DVM, Alicia L. Bertone, DVM, DACVS James L. Carmalt, MA, C. Scott Bailey, D VM, MS, PhD, DACVS Veterinary Sports Medicine VetMB, MVetSc, FRCVS, DACT Trueman Family Endowed and Surgery DABVP(Eq), DACVS Assistant Professor, Chair and Professor Tampa, Florida Associate Professor Theriogenology Department of Veterinary Department of Large Animal Department of Clinical Clinical Sciences Jason W. Brumitt, DVM, MS Clinical Sciences Sciences College of Veterinary Veterinary Imaging Specialists Western College of Veterinary College of Veterinary Medicine St. Louis, Missouri Medicine Medicine The Ohio State University University of Saskatchewan North Carolina State Columbus, Ohio Jeffrey N. Bryan, DVM, MS, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, University PhD, DACVIM Canada Raleigh, North Carolina Eric K. Birks, DVM, PhD Assistant Professor Equine Sports Medicine Department of Veterinary Leeah R. Chew, DVM Heidi Banse, DVM Consultants, LLC Clinical Sciences Theriogenology Resident Resident Newark, Delaware College of Veterinary Department of Large Animal Equine Internal Medicine Medicine Clinical Sciences Department of Veterinary Karyn Bischoff, DVM, MS, Washington State University Virginia-Maryland Regional Clinical Sciences DABVT Pullman, Washington College of Veterinary College of Veterinary Diagnostic Toxicologist Medicine Medicine Associate Professor Rikke Buhl, DVM, PhD Blacksburg, Virginia Oklahoma State University New York State Animal Associate Professor Stillwater, Oklahoma Health Diagnostic Center Department of Large Animal Cameon M. Childers, DVM College of Veterinary Sciences Equine Internal Medicine Robert M. Baratt, DVM, MS, Medicine Faculty of Life Sciences Resident FAVD Cornell University Large Animal Medicine Department of Clinical Salem Valley Veterinary Clinic Ithaca, New York University of Copenhagen Sciences Salem, Connecticut Copenhagen, Denmark College of Veterinary Medicine Karen Blissitt, BVSc, Kansas State University Anne Barger, DVM, MS, MRCVS, PhD, DVA, Daniel J. Burke, PhD Manhattan, Kansas; DACVP DECVAA Director of Equine Nutrition Equine Internal Medicine Clinical Associate Professor Senior Lecturer Tribute Equine Nutrition/ Resident Department of Pathobiology Department of Veterinary Kalmbach Feeds, Inc. Rood and Riddle Equine College of Veterinary Clinical Studies Upper Sandusky, Ohio Hospital Medicine Royal (Dick) School of Lexington, Kentucky University of Illinois Veterinary Studies Melinda S. Camus, DVM Urbana, Illinois Easter Bush Veterinary Centre Clinical Pathology Resident Michelle Cora, DVM University of Edinburgh Department of Pathology Postdoctoral Fellow in Michelle Henry Barton Edinburgh, United Kingdom College of Veterinary Medicine Toxicological Pathology DVM, PhD, DACVIM The University of Georgia National Institutes of F uller E. Callaway Endowed John D. Bonagura, DVM, Athens, Georgia Environmental Health Chair MS, DACVIM (Cardiology, Sciences Professor, Large Animal Internal Medicine) Igor Frederico Canisso, Research Triangle Park, North Internal Medicine Professor DVM, MSc Carolina Department of Large Animal Department of Veterinary Theriogenology Resident Medicine Clinical Sciences Department of Clinical Lais R. R. Costa, MV, MS, College of Veterinary College of Veterinary Sciences PhD, DACVIM-Large Medicine Medicine; College of Veterinary Medicine Animal, DABVP-Equine The University of Georgia Cardiology Service Head Cornell University Assistant Professor Athens, Georgia Veterinary Hospital; Ithaca, New York Large Animal Medicine Member Department of Clinical Lance H. Bassage, I I, VMD, Davis Heart & Lung Research Sciences DACVS Institute Cummings School of Staff Surgeon The Ohio State University Veterinary Medicine Rhinebeck Equine, LLP Columbus, Ohio Tufts University Rhinebeck, New York North Grafton, Massachusetts vi Contributors vii Marco A. Coutinho da Silva, Catherine A. DeLuca, DVM, Ghislaine Dujovne, DVM Tim J. Evans, DVM, PhD, DVM, MS, PhD, DACT MS, DACT Equine Theriogenology DACT, DABVT Assistant Professor Lecturer Resident Assistant Professor Department of Veterinary Department of Large Animal Department of Clinical Sciences Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine Pathobiology; College of Veterinary Medicine College of Veterinary Auburn University Toxicology Section Leader The Ohio State University Medicine Auburn, Alabama Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Columbus, Ohio University of Florida Laboratory Gainesville, Florida Mary M. Durando, DVM, College of Veterinary Medicine Gabriel Borges Couto, PhD, DACVIM (Large University of Missouri DMV, DES, MSc Shane F. DeWitt, DVM, Animal) Columbia, Missouri Department of Clinical DACVIM (LAIM) Equine Sports Medicine Sciences Associate Consultants, LLC Kelly Farnsworth, MS, Facult é de M é dicine Internal Medicine Landenberg, Pennsylvania DVM, DACVS V é t é rinaire Woodside Equine Clinic, Inc. Assistant Professor Universit é de Montr é al Ashland, Virginia Steven Duren, DVM Department of Veterinary Qu é bec, Canada Performance Horse Nutrition, Clinical Sciences Monica Dias Figueiredo, LLC College of Veterinary Medicine Laura C. Cregar, DVM DVM, PhD, DACVIM Weiser, Idaho Washington State University Resident Senior Veterinary Scientist Pullman, Washington Veterinary Clinical Pathology Merial Ltd. Edward T. Earley, DVM, Veterinary Pathobiology Athens, Georgia FAVD/Eq Maria S. Ferrer, Vet., MS, College of Veterinary Laurel Highland Farm & DACT Medicine Mouhamadou K. Diaw, Equine Service, LLC Assistant Professor University of Missouri DVM Williamsport, Pennsylvania Department of Clinical Sciences Columbia, Missouri Resident School of Veterinary Medicine Theriogenology Sarah E. Eaton, DVM, DACT Kansas State University Antonio M. Cruz, D VM, Veterinary Medical Center Associate Veterinarian Manhattan, Kansas MVM, MSc, Dr Vet Med, Large Animal Hospital Animal Care Hospital DACVS, DECVS University of Florida Williams Lake, British Ryan A. Ferris, DVM, MS Associate Professor Gainesville, Florida Columbia, Canada Clinical Instructor Department of Clinical Department of Clinical Sciences Studies Roberta Di Terlizzi, DVM, Randy Eggleston, DVM, College of Veterinary Ontario Veterinary College MRCVS, DACVP DACVS Medicine & Biomedical University of Guelph Assistant Professor of Clinical Associate Clinical Professor Sciences Guelph, Ontario, Canada Pathology Large Animal Surgery Colorado State University Department of Pathobiology Department of Large Animal Fort Collins, Colorado John J. Dascanio, VMD, School of Veterinary Medicine Medicine DACT, DABVP University of Pennsylvania College of Veterinary Medicine Janean L. Fidel, DVM, Professor, Theriogenology Philadelphia, Pennsylvania The University of Georgia DACVRO, DACVIM Ross University School of Athens, Georgia (Oncology) Veterinary Medicine Patricia M. Dowling, DVM, Associate Professor Basseterre, St. Kitts MSc, DACVIM, DACVCP Johanna Elfenbein, DVM Department of Veterinary West Indies Professor, Veterinary Clinical Resident Clinical Sciences Pharmacology; Large Animal Internal Medicine College of Veterinary Elizabeth J. Davidson, Director, Canadian gFARAD Department of Large Animal Medicine DVM, DACVS Western College of Veterinary Clinical Sciences Washington State University Assistant Professor in Sports Medicine College of Veterinary Medicine Pullman, Washington Medicine University of Sasketchewan University of Florida Department of Clinical Saskatoon, Sasketchewan, Gainesville, Florida Jos é M. Garc í a-L ó pez, VMD, Studies Canada DACVS New Bolton Center Steve Ensley, DVM, PhD Associate Professor of Large University of Pennsylvania Norm G. Ducharme, DMV, Clinical Veterinary Animal Surgery Kennett Square, Pennsylvania MSc, DACVS Toxicologist Department of Clinical James Law Professor of Veterinary Diagnostic and Sciences Heather Davis, DVM Surgery Production Animal Medicine Cummings School of Equine Surgery Resident Medical Director College of Veterinary Medicine Veterinary Medicine College of Veterinary Equine and Farm Animal Iowa State University Tufts University Medicine Hospital Ames, Iowa North Grafton, Massachusetts Auburn University Department of Clinical Auburn, Alabama Sciences Kira L. Epstein, DVM, Bridget C. Garner, DVM, College of Veterinary DACVS PhD, DACVP Mary S. DeLorey, D VM Medicine Clinical Assistant Professor Assistant Professor Northwest Equine Dentistry, Cornell University Department of Large Animal Department of Pathology Inc. Ithaca, New York Medicine College of Veterinary Washington and Idaho College of Veterinary Medicine Medicine The University of Georgia The University of Georgia Athens, Georgia Athens, Georgia viii Contributors Cynthia L. Gaskill, DVM, Sara Gomez-Ibanez, DVM Sharon Gwaltney-Brant, Jonathan Hayles, DVM, PhD Intern DVM, PhD, DABVT, DABT MVS, DACVR Associate Professor Large Animal Medicine and Vice President & Medical Radiology Resident Veterinary Clinical Toxicology Surgery Director Department of Veterinary Veterinary Diagnostic Department of Large Animal ASPCA Animal Poison Control Clinical Sciences, Radiology Laboratory Medicine Center College of Veterinary University of Kentucky College of Veterinary Adjunct Instructor Medicine Lexington, Kentucky Medicine Department of Biosciences Washington State University The University of Georgia College of Veterinary Pullman, Washington Mathew P. Gerard, BVSc, Athens, Georgia Medicine PhD, DACVS University of Illinois Don Henneke, PhD Clinical Associate Professor Patty Graham-Thiers, P hD Urbana, Illinois Director of Equine Science Large Animal Surgery Professor Tarleton State University Department of Clinical Equine Studies Department R. Reid Hanson, DVM, Stephenville, Texas Sciences Virginia Intermont College DACVS, DACVECC College of Veterinary Bristol, Virginia Professor of Surgery Christina Hewes, DVM, MS, Medicine J.T. Vaughan Teaching DACVS North Carolina State Fran ç ois-Xavier Grand, Hospital Clinical Instructor University DVM, IPSAV Department of Clinical Equine Surgery Raleigh, North Carolina Large Animal Theriogenology Sciences Department of Clinical Resident College of Veterinary Sciences Liberty M. Getman, D VM, Department of Clinical Medicine Large Animal Teaching DACVS Sciences Auburn University Hospital Lecturer in Large Animal Facult é de m é dicine Auburn, Alabama College of Veterinary Surgery v é t é rinaire Medicine Department of Clinical Universit é de Montr é al Kelsey A. Hart, DVM, PhD, Auburn University Studies Montr é al, Qu é bec DACVIM Auburn, Alabama New Bolton Center Canada Large Animal Internal University of Pennsylvania Medicine Clinician Sara A. Hill, DVM Kennett Square, Pennsylvania Britton Grasperge, DVM, Department of Large Animal Resident in Veterinary Clinical DACVP Medicine Pathology Brian C. Gilger, D VM, MS, PhD Candidate College of Veterinary Department of Veterinary DACVO Department of Medicine Clinical Sciences Professor of Ophthalmology Pathobiological Sciences The University of Georgia College of Veterinary Department of Clinical School of Veterinary Medicine Athens, Georgia Medicine Sciences Louisiana State University University of Minnesota College of Veterinary Baton Rouge, Louisiana Kevin K. Haussler, DVM, St. Paul, Minnesota Medicine DC, PhD North Carolina State Tanya M. Grondin, DVM, Assistant Professor Melissa T. Hines, DVM, University DACVP Orthopedic Research Center PhD, DACVIM Raleigh, North Carolina Clinical Pathologist Department of Clinical Associate Professor HPA Laboratories, Inc. Sciences Equine Medicine Lyndi L. Gilliam, DVM, Ashland, Virginia College of Veterinary Department of Veterinary DACVIM Medicine & Biomedical Clinical Sciences Assistant Professor Erin S. Groover, DVM, Sciences College of Veterinary Department of Veterinary DACVIM-LAIM Colorado State University Medicine Clinical Sciences Visiting Clinical Assistant Fort Collins, Colorado Washington State University College of Veterinary Professor Pullman, Washington Medicine Department of Clinical Jan F. Hawkins, DVM, Oklahoma State University Sciences DACVS Siddra Hines, DVM Stillwater, Oklahoma College of Veterinary Associate Professor of Large Resident, Equine Internal Medicine Animal Surgery Medicine Shir Gilor, D VM, MSc Auburn University Department of Veterinary Department of Veterinary Clinical Pathology Resident Auburn, Alabama Clinical Sciences Clinical Sciences Department of Pathobiology School of Veterinary Medicine College of Veterinary College of Veterinary Alisha M. Gruntman, DVM Purdue University Medicine Medicine Resident in Large Animal West Lafayette, Indiana Washington State University University of Illinois Medicine Pullman, Washington Urbana, Illinois Department of Clinical Shelby Hayden, DVM Sciences Department of Large Animal Brent Hoff, DVM, DVSc, Elizabeth A. Giuliano, DVM, Cummings School of Clinical Sciences Dip. Tox. MS, DACVO Veterinary Medicine College of Veterinary Clinical Pathologist/Clinical Associate Professor Tufts University Medicine and Biomedical Toxicologist Department of Veterinary North Grafton, Massachusetts Sciences Animal Health Laboratory Medicine and Surgery Texas A & M University Laboratory Services Division College of Veterinary College Station, Texas University of Guelph Medicine Guelph, Ontario, Canada University of Missouri Columbia, Missouri
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