Clinical Microbiology Made Ridiculously Simple

400 Pages·2015·10.85 MB·english

by  Mark Gladwin

CLINICAL
MICROBIOLOGY
tnade
ridiculously
sitnple™
Edition 6
MarkG ladwin, MD
WilliaTmr attlMeDr ,
C.S cotMta han,M D
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CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
MADE RIDICULOUSLY SIMPLE
MARK GLADWIN, M.D.
WILLIAM TRATTLER, M.D.
C.S COTT MAHAN, M.D.
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PREFACE
A weldle-velkonpoewdl eodfc glei nmiiccarlog byi olTohe hteabxset e unp dtaetdoi nclcuudrer iennfotr ­
isc ritifocrat lhp er actpihcyisnigic ni aamnne yd icamla tioonrn a piddelvye ltooppi,ins cgus cahsH IV and
field.e riBavia,rucs teasn,pd r ooztoahnasv er ensop eAcItD S( avccienffeor atnsad l tlh neew anti-mHeIdV­
fort hdei isntctbieotnw eopehnt mhoallopgye,ad ticris,i catsi)Ao,van inI nflueHn5zNalS ,AR S Coornauvsi,r
trausmuar goerrg ye,r iamteirdcniiceA .s a p hysicEiabnov liaurs H,an tavsiE,r. u couotlabikr ,seM ad Cow
yowui bllefa cedda iwliytt hh ceo nceopfmt isc robDiiasl e,ab sreand-annetwi micarnotbiiibac,ilsa o ntd
diseaansaden timictrhoebriMaaiplcy r.o obgiiysoo n le agents of bioterrorism
oft hfeew c ourwsheesmr uec ohft h"em inuitrsie ag"u ­Them nemonaincdcs at roonisn t hibso odko n ot
lraluys ebdyt hper actpihcyiisnaignc . intend dfoirsa rneys tppieaccruptla atrip eonpatut lion
This abtotoekm tpotfa sci itlattheel a ernionfg orr acoirae lt hngriocu bpu atr seo lely parse sented
microobgbiyy op lresentthiein nfogr maitnai c olne amre moyd reivcteosa ssiints htle e ranionfagc omplex
anedn tertmaainnnibenrrgi mminmge mwoiratydih s . anidm ptoarnmte discuajbclet .
Ouarp prohaabcshe etno : Wew elcosmueg gesfotri ofuntseu driieot nDse.si pte
oubre setff ortpsr oofraenaeddd it, moiftesnst laikpe s
1)W riitnaec onverssattyfoilrroe an paailsd s imilation. to
byW.e w elcocmoerr ectainodnn eswm nemoindieca s
2)I nclnuudmee rfioguusrs eesrvi nags" vismueaml­ froms tudewnhtors e atdh bioso (klp eaesmea igll ad
ortyo oalnssdum"m aryc haarttst h een odef a cchh aptewri.n [email protected] wfe p ublyiosurhro c'km intone monic
Thecsaebn e u sefodr" crsaemss ioanftse"tr h ceo ncepts
(hsorrtymh esp,h rsaeosro, t hmeerm otrye chniques that
havbee esnt udiinte hdte e xt.
make itnhfoer maetaisotinoae ssri maitalen mde miorze)
3)C oncreantmteo roenc linaincida nlcfe tidoiuss­ wew irlelc ogynoiunzrae m wei tthhec ontirio!bn ut
easies stuheasat rb eo tihn terestintgot haen d vital
actuparla cotfmi ecdei c. ine
4)C reaatc eo ncuea,plo trganaipzpoeardc thot he MARK GLAD WIN,
MD
organsitsumdssi ote hdse t udreenltli eeossnsm emory WILAML ITRATILER,
MD
anmdo roenl oigcpaalt hoipohglyyos. C.S COTI
MAHAN, MD
v
CONTENTS
Prefa.c...e... .......................................................................................................................................................................................v.. ................
PART BACTERIA
I. ..........................................................................................................................................................1...
BACTERIATLAX ONOMY .... ......... ............................ ............... ..... ... 1
1 .................. ........................... ............. . ...... .. ........................ ..........
CELLS TRUCTEUSRVI,R ULENCFEA CTROSa,n TdO XINS. .....................................................................
2 . . .. . . . . . . ... . ........ ......... 9
BACTERIGAELN ETIC.S ... ..... ... .. .. ................................................2.1. ..................
3 ......................... .................................................. . ......
GRAM-POSITIBVAEC TERIA
. .. . .... . 21
...................................................................................................................
STREPTOCOCCUS ............. .............. ......... ............................ ..... ......................................................................... ..........2. . 7... .. ....
4 ............
STAPHYLOC OCCUS ...................... .................. ....................... .. ......................... ......................... ... .. .... ................................4.... .0.... .... .. .
5
BACILLUaSnd C LOSTRIDI(USMP ORE-FORMRIONDGS ) .. .........................................................4..8. .....
6 .................................. .. . . .
CORYNEBACTERIaUnMd L ISTER(INAO N-SPORE-FORRMOIDNSG). . ..........................................................................
7 . .. . . . . .. . 58
GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA
.........................................64. ......................................................................
NEISSERIA .................. ...... ....... ... ...... ...... .... ............................... ................ ........ ............. ... . ..... ........ . .... .. .... ........ .........6 . .4 . ....
8 .................
.... ........... .. ...... ........... ..... ................................ .... . ...... ................... .... ...... ..... . ... . ... . .. ...7..2.. ... ... .. ... ... ... ... .. ... ... ... ...
9 THEE NTERIC..S.. ......
HOSPITAL-ACQUIGRRAME D NEGATIVES .. . ....................................
10 .............................................................................. . . . ..... . .. 9. 1
HAEMOPHILUBSO,R DETELLaAn,dL EGIONELLA ..... ..... .. . . ... ...............9.6. .................
11 ............. .................................................... .
YERSINIAF,R ANCISELBLRAU,C ELLaAn,dP ASTEURELLA .. ......................................................................
12 ................. . . . . ... . . . 104
CHLAMYDIA, RICKETTSIAa,n dF RIEND.S. ......................... ........................................................
13 ..... . .. . ........... ..... ........ ..... . . .. . ..... 110
SPIROCHETE.S . . ......... .. ........................ ..........................1.2.8. ..
14 ................................................................................ ... ...... . ........ ......... . . .
ACID-FBAASCTT ERIA
.........................................................................................1. 4.2. ..................
.. . .. . . .. ... . . .. .. .
MYCOBACTERIUM . . .... .. . ...142
15 .................................................................................................................................................................
BACTERIWAI THOUTC ELL WALLS
........................................1.5.6. ................................................
.
MY PLASMA . . . . . ... ........... .........................1..5 .6
16 CO ......................................................................................................... . ..................... . . ...
ANTI-BACTERIAL MEDICATIONS
...................................................... .1..6..0.. .................................
. . . .
PENICILLFIANM ILAYN TIBIOTICS .. . . .. .. . . .. 160
17 ..................................................................................................................................
ANTI-RIBOSOMANATLI BIOTIC.S. ...............................................................................................................1..7..4.. ...............................
18
ANTI-TaBn dA NTI-PLEROS ANTIBIOTIC.S . .... .. . .... ..............................1..8..6.. ......
19 Y ................. ..................................................... .. .
MISCELLANEOUANST IBIOTIC.S. ..........................................................................................................................1..9..4.. .................
20
PART FUNGI
2. ....................................................................................................2..0 .2. .............................................
THEF UNGI . ..... . . ........... ............................2..0..2
21 .............. .................................................................................................... ................. . . .
ANTI-FUNGMAELD ICATIONS . ... ........... .... .. ..........................2.1.6. .................
22 ................................. ......... ...................................... . ...
PART3 .V IRUSES
................................................................2.2.6. ...........................................................................
VIRAL REPLICATIaOnNdT AXONOMY . . . . ... ... ...........................2.2.6.
23 .............................................................................................. . . .
ORTHOMYXOa ndP ARAMYXOVIRIDAE . . .... . . . .....................2..4. 0.
24 ............................................................................................... . ... . .
HEPTITSIV IRIDAE ... .. ...........................2..5..4.. ...... .
25 A .......................................................................................................................... .
RETROVIRIDHAIEVa,,n dA IDS ......................... . . ..................2.6.6. ..............
26 ......................................... .... ..... .....................................
HERPESVIRI(DcAoEn triabuutthiJonrgo: h Bne igMeDl), . ..... ..........................................2.8.1. ..................
27 ...................... .. ... ...... . ..
RESTO FT HED NAV IRUSES .. . . .........................................2.9.0. ...
28 ..................................................................................... .......... .... . . ..
RESTO FT HE RNAVI RUSES( contriabuutthionArgms y:G uillet MADgar naJdwo ahlBn,e igMeD!),. ..............2..9..6.. ...
29 .. .
ANTI-VIRAL MEDICATIONS . ..... .. ............. . 314
30 ..................................................................................................................... .. ..............
PART PARASITES
4. ....................................................................................................................................... 336
PROTOZOAN.S.
31 .. ................ .............. ......................... .. .... ... ................... ... ............... .... ..................... ................ ... ..... ... ... ... ...... .. . 3..3 .6.. ...
HELMINTHS. .....
32 ........... ...... .... ............... .. ................. .. .. ......... .................. .. ............. . ............ . ...... ....................... ....... .. ..... ... ..... . ..... 3..6. 2.
PART5 . VERSYT RANGE CRITTERS
................................3.8.2. .......................................................
PRION(Sc ontribauuttihnoHgra :n sH enriLka rseMn.,D ..J.. ....... . ... ..... .................
33 . ..................................................................3...8..2.
PART 6.T HE END ..................................................................................................................................... 387
ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCEO:NE STEPT OWARD THE POST-ANTIBIOETRIAC?
34
(contribauuttihnoEgra :r neAlsetx andePrh,a rm.D..... .................... ................ ..
l ...... ....................................................................... 387
THEA GENTOSF B IOTERRORISM
35
(contriabuutthionLrgus c:i ana BMoDra inod, ClarLeanmc.)e. ..........................3.9.2. ........................................................................
BIOTERRORISDME FENSEU PDATES:
http://www.medmaster.net/BioterrorismDefense.html
ATLASO FM ICROBIOLOGY
http://www.med(mfraesdeto ewrn.lnoeatd )
INDEX
................................................................................................................................................................3..9.. 9
vii