Clinical Doppler Ultrasound: Expert Consult: Online and Print

401 Pages·2013·245.1 MB·English

by  Myron A. Pozniak MD, Paul L. Allan BSc MBChB DMRD FRCR FRCPE

Clinical Doppler Ultrasound
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3rd Edition
Clinical Doppler
Ultrasound
Myron A. Pozniak, MD, FACR, FSRU, FARS
Professorof Radiology
Department ofRadiology
Universityof Wisconsin School ofMedicine and Public Health
Madison, WI
USA
Paul L. Allan, BSc, DMRD, FRCR, FRCPE
ConsultantRadiologist and Directorof Imaging Services
Department ofRadiology
Royal InfirmaryofEdinburgh
Edinburgh
UK
Edinburgh London New York Oxford Philadelphia St Louis Sydney Toronto 2014
©2014,ElsevierLimited.Allrightsreserved.
Secondedition2006
Firstedition2000
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Notices
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broadenourunderstanding,changesinresearchmethods,professionalpractices,ormedical
treatmentmaybecomenecessary.
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ISBN:9780702050152
e-bookISBN:9780702055379
PrintedinChina
Lastdigitistheprintnumber:987654321
Video Table of Contents
Access all videos online at expertconsult.com. See inside front coverfor activation code.
Chapter 3 The Carotid andVertebral Arteries; Chapter 6 The Aorta and InferiorVenaCava
Transcranial ColourDoppler
6.1a Upper aorta waveform
3.1 Transversescan ofcarotid artery 6.1b Loweraorta waveform
3.2aCarotidbifurcation 6.2 Thecoeliacaxis intransverse view
3.2bNormal reverseflow incarotidbulb 6.3 Coeliac artery stenosisand superior
3.3aCCAwaveform mesenteric artery
3.3bECAwaveform 6.4a Superior mesenteric arterywaveform
beforeeating
3.3c ICAwaveform
3.4aVertebralartery waveform 1 6.4b Superior mesenteric artery waveform after
eating
3.4b Vertebralartery entering vertebralcanal
6.5a Inferior mesenteric artery origin in
3.4c Vertebral artery insub-occipital region
transverse view
3.4d Vertebralartery waveform 2
6.5b Inferior mesenteric artery origin in
longitudinal view
Chapter 4 The PeripheralArteries
6.6 Inferiorvenacavawaveform
4.1aCommon femoral artery waveformat rest
Chapter 8 The Liver
4.1bCommon femoral artery waveform after
exercise 8.1 Hepatic arteryand portal vein
4.2 Iliac bifurcation. 8.2 Hepatic arterywaveform
4.3aFemoralartery bifurcation 8.3 Hepatic vein waveform 1(inliver)
4.3bAliasing at origin of profundafemoris 8.4 Hepatic vein waveform 2(proximally)
artery 8.5 Hepatic vein waveform 3(colourDoppler)
4.4 Popliteal bifurcation. 8.6 Portal vein waveform
4.5a Transverse view of peronealand anterior 8.7 Portal vein thrombus
tibialartery
8.8a Hepatic segment ofinferior vena cava,
4.5bLongitudinal view ofperonealand anterior longitudinalview
tibialartery
8.8b Hepatic segment ofinferior vena cava,
transverse view
Chapter 5 The PeripheralVeins
8.9 B-flow imageofportal vein anastomosis
5.1 The‘MickeyMouse’viewinthecommonfem- intransplant patient
oralregion
Chapter 9 The Kidneys
5.2 Venous valves inprofundafemoris vein
5.3 Reflux at the sapheno-femoral junction 9.1 Coronalscan of right renal artery
5.4 Jugular vein waveform 9.2 Coronalscan of left renalartery
vi
VideoTableofContents vii
9.3 Transverse scanof left renalartery 14.3a Uterine artery transverse view
9.4a Transverse scanof right renal artery 14.3b Uterine artery longitudinal view
9.4b Right renalarterywaveform
9.5 Duplicatedright renal arteries Chapter 17 Microbubble Ultrasound Contrast
9.6 Renal parenchymalflow on colour Doppler Agents
9.7 Renal parenchymalflow on power Doppler 17.1a Baselinescan for low mechanical
9.8 Ureteric jets index scan
17.1b Liver metastases onlow MI scanning
Chapter 14 DopplerUltrasoundof the Female
after injectionof echo-enhancing
Pelvis
agent
14.1 Left ovary
17.2 Stimulated acoustic emission(high
14.2 Right ovary mechanical index).
Preface
Ithasbeenalmost20yearssincetheoriginalproposal decreasingcostofultrasoundtechnology,itsdistribu-
for a book dealing with Clinical Doppler Ultrasound tion into the hands of the clinicians now gives the
evolvedintoreality.Itwasdesignedasapracticalintro- patient benefit of a more timely diagnosis, provided
ductiontotheprinciplesandpracticeofDopplerultra- thepractitionerisproperlytrained intheuse oftheir
sound in the clinical setting. Progressive advances in new device. It is important that those performing
thescienceandtechnologyofultrasoundandDoppler Dopplerultrasoundexaminationshaveaclearunder-
require continuing revision of the original text, now standingoftheunderlyingprinciplesofthispowerful
entering its thirdedition. tool,andthatcontinuestobeourmotivationincreat-
In this edition we have remained true to our initial ingthis book.
philosophy – to provide practical information and Wededicatethisbooktoourfamilieswhoendured
guidelinesontheapplicationsandlimitationsofDopp- ourdisappearingfromthemasweworkedincessantly
ler ultrasound. Our contributors all have significant onthis new edition. Wethankoursonographers and
experienceindiagnosticultrasoundandallofthechap- technologists,togetherwithourcolleagues,forprovid-
ters have been re-written to incorporate more recent ingsupport,toleratingourdemandingpursuitofqual-
knowledge and developments. This edition features a ityandprovidingtheoccasionalimageandadvice.We
newchapteronintraoperativeandinterventionalappli- encourage you, the reader, to be a persistent practi-
cations ofDoppler.TheDopplerevaluationofdialysis tioner of Doppler and to understand the underlying
graftshas soevolvedthatitnowappearsasaseparate principles. It is only with constant use that you will
chapter.Theimageshavebeenupdatedandexpanded; evolvecomfortandexpertisewiththemodality.Even-
thereferencesbroughtuptodate. tually,thesewaveformswillsingtoyou(yourearsare
Computedtomographicangiographyandmagnetic the most sensitive spectrum analyser available) and
resonance angiography continue their evolution, but your patientswill be the ultimate beneficiaries.
the authors remain convinced of the importance of
Doppler ultrasound in the investigation of vascular MyronPozniak
disorders. With the continuing miniaturisation and PaulAllan
viii
List of Contributors
PaulL.Allan,BSc, DMRD, FRCR, FRCPE W. Norman McDicken,PhD,FIPEM
ConsultantRadiologist andDirectorofImaging Emeritus ProfessorMedical Physics and Medical
Services, Department ofRadiology,Royal Infirmary Engineering,Medical Physics,The University of
ofEdinburgh, Edinburgh, UK Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Lauren F. Alexander, MD JohnP. McGahan,MD
AssistantProfessor,DepartmentofRadiology, Vice Chair and DirectorofAbdominal Imaging,
University ofAlabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, University ofCalifornia,DavisMedicalCenter,
AL, USA DepartmentofRadiology, Sacramento, CA, USA
Jonathan D.Berry,BSc,FRCR Imogen Montague,MB ChB, FRCOG, DOU
ConsultantRadiologist, DepartmentofRadiology, Fetal-Maternal Medicine Consultant, Obstetrics and
North Cumbria UniversityHospitalsCumberland Gynaecology,Plymouth UniversityHospitals NHS
Infirmary, Newtown Road, Carlisle,UK Trust, Plymouth, UK
Peter N.Burns, PhD FredT. Lee,Jr, MD
ProfessorofMedical Biophysics and Imaging ProfessorofRadiology,DepartmentofRadiology,
University ofToronto,SunnybrookHealth Sciences University ofWisconsin School of Medicine and
Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
FredLee, Sr
Michael T.Corwin,MD
RochesterUrology, PC, RochesterHills, MIand
DirectorofBody MRI, UniversityofCalifornia,
Crittenton Hospital,RochesterHills,MI, USA
Davis MedicalCenter, Department ofRadiology,
CA, USA
MyronA. Pozniak, MD, FACR
ProfessorofRadiology,ChiefofBodyCT,Department
Peter R.Hoskins, PGCert,BA, MSc, PhD,DSc
ofRadiology,Universityof Wisconsin School of
ProfessorofMedical Physics and Biomechanics,
Medicine and PublicHealth, Madison, WI, USA
Centre for Cardiovascular Science,University
ofEdinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Michelle L. Robbin,MD
Adjunct Professorof Medical Imaging, Department
Professor Departmentof Radiology, Universityof
ofMechanical, Aeronautical and Biomedical
Alabama atBirmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
Engineering,University of Limerick, Limerick,
Ireland
PaulS. Sidhu, BSc, MRCP, FRCR
MarkE. Lockhart,MD, MPH ProfessorofImagingSciences,King’sCollegeLondon,
Professor,Department ofRadiology,University of DepartmentofRadiology, King’s CollegeHospital,
Alabama atBirmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA Denmark Hill, London, UK
ix