Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation Management Options: A Guide for Natural Resource Managers in Southern Forest Ecosystems

492 Pages·2013·5.55 MB·English

by  James M. Vose

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managing southern forests and protecting their values in the future.
in Southern Forest Ecosystems
K16616
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Climate Change
adaptation
and mitigation
management options
A Guide for Natural Resource Managers
in Southern Forest Ecosystems

Climate Change
adaptation
and mitigation
management options
A Guide for Natural Resource Managers
in Southern Forest Ecosystems
Edited by
James m. Vose
Kier d. Klepzig
Boca Raton London New York
CRC Press is an imprint of the
Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
CRC Press
Taylor & Francis Group
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Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742
© 2014 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
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Contents
Preface..............................................................................................................................................vii
Editors ...............................................................................................................................................ix
Contributors ......................................................................................................................................xi
Chapter 1 Introduction to Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation Management Options .....1
James M. Vose and Kier D. Klepzig
Chapter 2 Framing the Future in the Southern United States: Climate, Land Use,
and Forest Conditions ...................................................................................................9
David N. Wear, Thomas L. Mote, J. Marshall Shepherd, Binita K.C.,
and Christopher W. Strother
Chapter 3 A Conceptual Framework for Adaptive Forest Management under Climate
Change .....................................................................................................................45
Thomas P. Holmes, Steve McNulty, James M. Vose, Jeffrey P. Prestemon,
and Harbin Li
Chapter 4 Water Stress and Social Vulnerability in the Southern United States, 2010–2040 ...61
Cassandra Johnson-Gaither, John Schelhas, Wayne Zipperer, Ge Sun,
Peter V. Caldwell, and Neelam Poudyal
Chapter 5 Future Wildfire Trends, Impacts, and Mitigation Options in the Southern
United States ..............................................................................................................85
Yongqiang Liu, Jeffrey P. Prestemon, Scott L. Goodrick, Thomas P. Holmes,
John A. Stanturf, James M. Vose, and Ge Sun
Chapter 6 Climate-Induced Changes in Vulnerability to Biological Threats in the
Southern United States ..........................................................................................................127
Rabiu Olatinwo, Qinfeng Guo, Songlin Fei, William Otrosina,
Kier D. Klepzig, and Douglas Streett
Chapter 7 Adapting Silviculture to a Changing Climate in the Southern United States ..........173
James M. Guldin
Chapter 8 Productivity and Carbon Sequestration of Forests in the Southern
United States .....................................................................................................193
Kurt H. Johnsen, Tara L. Keyser, John R. Butnor, Carlos A. Gonzalez-Benecke,
Donald J. Kaczmarek, Chris A. Maier, Heather R. McCarthy, and Ge Sun
v
vi Contents
Chapter 9 Managing Forest Water Quantity and Quality under Climate Change ....................249
Daniel A. Marion, Ge Sun, Peter V. Caldwell, Chelcy F. Miniat, Ying Ouyang,
Devendra M. Amatya, Barton D. Clinton, Paul A. Conrads, Shelby Gull
Laird, Zhaohua Dai, J. Alan Clingenpeel, Yonqiang Liu, Edwin A. Roehl Jr.,
Jennifer A. Moore Meyers, and Carl Trettin
Chapter 10 Climate-Induced Migration of Native Tree Populations and Consequences
for Forest Composition .............................................................................................307
W. Henry McNab, Martin A. Spetich, Roger W. Perry, James D. Haywood,
Shelby Gull Laird, Stacy L. Clark, Justin L. Hart, Scott J. Torreano,
and Megan L. Buchanan
Chapter 11 Climate Change and Wildlife in the Southern United States: Potential Effects
and Management Options.........................................................................................379
Cathryn H. Greenberg, Roger W. Perry, Kathleen E. Franzreb, Susan
C. Loeb, Daniel Saenz, D. Craig Rudolph, Eric Winters, E.M. Fucik,
M.A. Kwiatkowski, B.R. Parresol, J.D. Austin, and G.W. Tanner
Chapter 12 Climate Change and Outdoor Recreation Participation in the Southern
United States ............................................................................................................421
J.M. Bowker, Ashley E. Askew, Neelam Poudyal, Stanley J. Zarnoch,
Lynne Seymour, and H. Ken Cordell
Chapter 13 Summary of Findings, Management Options, and Interactions ..............................451
James M. Vose, Shelby Gull Laird, Zanethia D. Choice, and Kier D. Klepzig
Preface
The rapid pace of climate change and its direct and indirect effects on forest ecosystems present a
pressing need for better scientific understanding and the development of new science-management
partnerships. Understanding the effects of stressors and disturbances (including climatic variabil-
ity), and developing and testing science-based management options to deal with them, have been
core research tasks for researchers in the southern United States for decades. Climate change adds a
new dimension to this task because it can directly impact forest ecosystems over large spatial scales
and interact with other stressors and disturbances to create stress complexes that may have an even
greater impact than any single stressor. In addition, the large spatial scale and complex interactions
that occur with climate change make traditional experimental approaches and direct application of
existing scientific studies difficult. Despite these challenges, climate change science is progressing
rapidly, and new insights from recent syntheses, models, experiments, and observations provide
enough information to begin taking action now.
One of the purposes of this book was to begin engaging scientists from a range of disciplines
in the process of thinking about and addressing the implications of climate change in their areas
of disciplinary expertise: water, wildlife, biodiversity, forest productivity, recreation, wildfire; and
insects, diseases, and pathogens. In this, we believe we undoubtedly succeeded. While some of the
authors have extensive expertise in climate science, others do not. As a result, many of the chap-
ter authors extended their knowledge of climate models (general circulation models; GCMs) and
climate change terminology; and synthesized new and disparate information. While we provided
authors with a common “scenario-driven” conceptual framework and overarching goals, they were
also given full freedom to use other data and develop their own approaches and methods as needed.
As a result, the chapters (all of which were peer reviewed and revised in response to reviewer
comments) reflect a blend of data syntheses; conceptual, simple, and complex models; and general
versus specific approaches and examples. A combination of all of these approaches, and the ongoing
dialogue this volume will hopefully inspire, will be required to address the complex and dynamic
problem of managing southern forest ecosystems in response to climate change.
James M. Vose and Kier D. Klepzig
vii

Editors
James M. Vose is a research ecologist and project leader of the USDA Forest Service, Southern
Research Station, Center for Integrated Forest Science (CIFS) at North Carolina State University
in Raleigh, NC. Prior to his current appointment as project leader of CIFS, he spent 25 years at the
Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory studying watershed ecosystem responses to disturbances and for-
est management. He received degrees in forestry from Southern Illinois University (BS), Northern
Arizona University (MS), and North Carolina State University (PhD). He has authored over 170
scientific papers and serves as adjunct faculty at the University of Georgia, Virginia Tech, and North
Carolina State University. He recently served as a coeditor and coauthor for the USDA National
Climate Assessment Forest Sector Report published in 2012.
Kier D. Klepzig is an entomologist and assistant director of the USDA Forest Service, Southern
Research Station in Asheville, NC. Prior to his current appointment, he spent 14 years as a research
entomologist and project leader of the Insects, Diseases, and Invasive Plants Research Unit in
Pineville, LA. He studied bark beetle fungal interactions and symbiosis. He received degrees in biol-
ogy and reclamation (double major) from the University of Wisconsin-Platteville (BS), and in ento-
mology and plant pathology (double major) from the University of Wisconsin-Madison (MS, PhD).
He has authored over 90 scientific papers and serves as an editor for Environmental Entomology. He
recently served as a coeditor and coauthor of the landmark book SPBII. He is the most recent winner
of the A.D. Hopkins Award for excellence in forest entomology.
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