Clandestine Marriage: Botany and Romantic Culture PDF
Preview Clandestine Marriage: Botany and Romantic Culture
Clandestine Marriage This page intentionally left blank Clandestine Marriage Botany and Romantic Culture theresa m. kelley The Johns Hopkins University Press Baltimore © 2012 The Johns Hopkins University Press All rights reserved. Published 2012 Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper 2 4 6 8 9 7 5 3 1 The Johns Hopkins University Press 2715 North Charles Street Baltimore, Maryland 21218-4363 www.press.jhu.edu Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Kelley, Theresa M. Clandestine marriage : botany and Romantic culture / Theresa M. Kelley. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-4214-0517-9 (hdbk. : acid-free paper) — ISBN 1-4214-0517-2 (hdbk. : acid-free paper) 1. Literature, Modern—19th century—History and criticism. 2. Botany in literature. 3. Plants in literature. 4. Literature and science. 5. Romanticism. I. Title. PN56.B73K45 2012 8099.93364–-dc23 2012002236 A catalog record for this book is available from the British Library. Special discounts are available for bulk purchases of this book. For more information, please contact Special Sales at 410-516-6936 or [email protected]. The Johns Hopkins University Press uses environmentally friendly book materials, including recycled text paper that is composed of at least 30 percent post-consumer waste, whenever possible. Contents List of Illustrations vii Acknowledgments ix List of Abbreviations xi 1 Introduction 1 2 Botanical Matters 17 3 Botany’s Publics and Privates 52 4 Botanizing Women 90 5 Clare’s Commonable Plants 126 INTERLUDE ONE Mala’s Garden: A Caribbean Interlude 159 6 Reading Matter and Paint 162 INTERLUDE two A Romantic Garden: Shelley on Vitality and Decay 210 7 Restless Romantic Plants and Philosophers 216 8 Conclusion 246 Notes 263 Bibliography 299 Index 325 This page intentionally left blank Illustrations Following page 66 1 Wheat Stalk study, Franz Bauer 2 Stems and Petioles, Franz Bauer 3 Rafflesia arnoldi, Franz Bauer 4 The American Cowslip, Peter Henderson 5 Dragon Arum, Peter Henderson 6 Curious American Bog Plants, Philip Reinagle, artist, D. Maddan, engraver 7 Venus Fly-Trap, William Bartram 8 Bandana of the Everglades or Golden Canna, William Bartram 9 American Lotus, etc., William Bartram 10 Exhibition Extraordinaire in the Horticultural Room, G. Cruik shank 11 Trapa bispinosa, Roxburgh Indian artist Following page 98 12 Young Daughter of the Picts, Jacques Le Moyne de Morgues 13 Sensitive Flower, J. J. Grandville 14 Lichen pyxidalus, Frances Beaufort Edgeworth 15 Ophrys apifera. Bee Orchis or Beeflower, Frances Beaufort Edgeworth 16 Dryas octopetala, Frances Beaufort Edgeworth 17 Bigonia and Aristolochia, Frances Beaufort Edgeworth 18 Passiflora (species not indicated), Frances Beaufort Edgeworth 19 Magnolia grandiflora, Mary Delany 20 Passiflora laurifolia, Mary Delany 21 Ixia Crocata (Triandria Monogynia), Mary Delany 22 Physalis, Winter Cherry, Mary Delany 23 Rara avis, after Katherine Charteris Grey 24 Cycnoches Loddigensii, Katherine Charteris Grey 25 Pterostylis obtusa, Katherine Charteris Grey viii illustrations 26 Erica pubescens, Katherine Charteris Grey 27 Orphrys muscifera, Fly Orchis, James Sowerby Following page 178 28 Banian Tree, Maria Graham 29 The Indian Burr, or, Banian Tree, James Forbes 30 Convolvulus gangeticus R., Roxburgh Indian artist 31 Pandanus odoratissimus [fruit], Roxburgh artist 32 Pandanus odoratissimus [whole plant] 33 Borassus flabelliformis 34 Trapa bispinosa [detail], Roxburgh artist 35 Nymphaea lotus alba, Roxburgh Indian artist 36 Nelumbium speciosum, Roxburgh Indian artist 37 Nymphea Lotos, Blue Water-Lily of Guzerat, James Forbes 38 Leea macrophylla, Roxburgh Indian artist 39 Bombax heptaphyllum, Roxburgh Indian artist 40 Saccharum exaltatum, Roxburgh Indian Artist 41 Calamus rotang, Roxburgh Indian Artist 42 Menyanthes cristata, Roxburgh Indian artist 43 Pistia stratiotes, Roxburgh Indian artist 44 Trichosanthes heteroclita, Roxburgh Indian artist 45 [Orchidaceae of Mexico and Guatemala], G. Cruikshank 46 Orchidaceae title page, Bateman 47 Vignette, after Schomburgkia Tibicinis orchid plate 48 Cycnoches Ventricosum, Jane Edwards 49 Orchidaceae tail-piece, after Katherine Charteris Grey Acknowledgments I dedicate this book to Thomas Baylis, always my companion as I wrote this book in Austin, then Madison, on Lake Superior, across three continents, and over several years. My work on the book has received generous support, beginning with fellowships from the University of Texas at Austin, the American Society for Eighteenth-Century Studies, and the Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center. At the University of Wisconsin–Madison, the Marjorie and Lorin Tiefenthaler Fund, the English De- partment, the Graduate School, and the Institute for Research in the Humanities have provided time to write. Residential fellowships at the Henry E. Huntington Library and the Yale Center for British Art supported the final stages of research. The National Endowment for the Humanities and the Simon D. Guggenheim Founda- tion awarded year-long fellowships as I completed this book. I am most grateful to all. Numerous archives and their professional staffs have made this book pos- sible, among them the Botany Library of the Natural History Museum, London, in particular Malcolm Beasley, the librarian, and Judith Magee, now curator for the Natural History Library. At the Library and Herbarium of the Royal Botanic Garden, Kew, James Kay, former assistant curator, Prints and Drawings, willingly made resources at Kew accessible. Gina Douglas, former librarian of the Linnean Society, London, introduced me to the resources of that library early on, and on one visit invited me to ride in a van taking Linnaeus’s butterfly collection across London. Henry J. Noltie, taxonomist at the Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, has advised this project with unstinting generosity, answered questions of all kinds, and introduced me to the Indian botanical drawings at Edinburgh and elsewhere. If there are mistakes in this book, he is decidedly not responsible. Peter Stevens and David Mabberley have answered nearly as many questions. Jim Folsom, director of the Huntington Botanical Gardens, and staff mem- bers Kitty Connolly and Katrina White have welcomed inquiries and entertained notions. At the Henry E. Huntington Library, Alan Jutzi, Mary Robertson, Steve Tabor, and Jean-Robert Durbin offered archival direction. At the Yale Center for British Art, its Director Amy Meyers and her colleagues, Michael Hatt, Elizabeth Fairman, Gillian Forrester‚ Scott Wilcox‚ Lisa Ford, and Melissa Fournier Gold have
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