City of the Turks: Urban Encounters in Vidyāpati's Kīrttilatā Christopher Lawrence Diamond A ...

147 Pages·2015·0.87 MB·English

City of the Turks: Urban Encounters in Vidyāpati’s Kīrttilatā
Christopher Lawrence Diamond
A thesis
submitted in partial fulfillment of the
requirements of the degree of:
Master of Arts
Committee:
Heidi Pauwels
Michael Shapiro
Program Authorized to Offer Degree:
Asian Languages and Literature
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©Copyright 2015
Christopher Lawrence Diamond
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University of Washington
Abstract
City of the Turks: Urban Encounters in Vidyāpati’s Kīrttilatā
Christopher Lawrence Diamond
Chair of the Supervisory Committee:
Professor Heidi Pauwels
Department of Asian Languages and Literature
This thesis study examines two main issues through a close examination of Vidyāpati Ṭhakura’s
15th century Avahaṭṭha text, the Kīrttilatā. The first issue revolves around the interactions and
encounters of Hindus and Muslims (here Turks). In contrast to previous readings of these
interactions, I propose that their relationship was neither entirely ecumenical nor entirely
conflictive. Instead, I seek to understand the conflict that does exist for its motivations. The
Turks of the Kīrttilatā are first and foremost identified for their culture, behavior, and status, not
their religion. For the second issue, I seek to highlight the unique perspective of this text to
address the first issue. Vidyāpati wrote this text in a regional Apabhraṃśa (Avahaṭṭha) with many
foreign loanwords, this text bridges the gap between the classical cosmopolitan and the parochial
vernacular.
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Acknowledgments
The author wises to express his sincere appreciation for all of the faculty members at the
University of Washington who have seen this project grow, mutate, and come to fruition. He
would especially like to thank Professor Heidi Pauwels for her tireless supervision over the past
few years. The language and content of this text are grueling at the best of times and Professor
Pauwels was always a source of encouragement. Additionally, he would like to thank Professor
Michael Shapiro for his mentoring in academic writing. A final thank you to the friends, family,
and loved ones who have emotionally supported this long and difficult project.
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Dedication
This thesis is dedicated to my parents Neville and Nanette Diamond.
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Table of Contents

Abbreviations………………………………………………………………………7
I. Introduction……………………………………………………………………11
Historical Context………………………………………………………….17
Vidyāpati……………………………………………………………………18
The Tughlaqs and Kāmeśvara Oinvāra……………………………………..21
The Jaunpur Sultānate under Shams 'ud-din Ibrahim Shāh Shārqi…………22
Tirhut………………………………………………………………………..23
Narrative Summary…………………………………………………………25
Chapter 1: Encounters and Conflict in the Bazaars…………………………….29
Chapter 2: The Mediating Role of Urban Space………………………………..36
Chapter 3: The Sultān: The Righteous Ruler……………………………………47
Conclusion………………………………………………………………………54
II. Structure………………………………………………………………………..57
Manuscripts……………………………………………………………………..58
Editions…………………………………………………………………………59
General Structure of “Avahaṭṭha”………………………………………………62
Nouns……………………………………………………………………….64
Pronominals…………………………………………………………………65
Verbal System……………………………………………………………….67
Text and Translation…………………………………………………………….69
Appendix: Cāndāyana Verses & Translations………………………………………137

Bibliography…………………………………………………………………………144
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Abbreviations
Lexicographical Sources
ApHK Kumāra, Nareśa. Apabhraṃśa-Hindī kośa. New Delhi: D.K. Printworld,
1999
CPED Steingass, Francis Joseph, John Richardson, Charles Wilkins, and Francis
Johnson. A Comprehensive Persian-English Dictionary, including
the Arabic words and phrases to be met with in Persian literature
London: K. Paul, Trench, Trubner & Co., Ltd., 1930.
DUCH Platts, John T. A Dictionary of Urdū, Classical Hindī, and English.
London: Oxford University Press, 1960.
OHED McGregor, R. S. The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary. Oxford; New
York: Oxford University Press, 1993.
HGAp Tagare, Ganesh Vasudev. Historical Grammar of Apabraṁśa. Delhi:
Motilal Banarasidass, 1948.
HSS Dāsa, Śyāmasundara. Hindī śabdasāgara. Kāśī: Nāgarī Pracāriṇī Sabha,
1965.
MW Monier-Williams, Monier, Ernst Leumann, and Carl Cappeller. A Sanskrit-
English Dictionary Etymologically and Philologically Arranged
with Special Reference to Cognate Indo-European Languages.
Oxford: The Clarendon Press, 1899.
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Source Abbreviations
*These abbreviations of Avahaṭṭha vocabulary citation are taken directly from the Apabhraṃśa-
Hindī Kośa, and are only meant to be a helpful source, not a definitive list.
Bh Bhavisyattakahā
DNM Deśī Nāma Mālā
HV Hemacandra’s Apabhraṃśa Vyākaraṇa
J Jaṃbūsāmi Cariu
Js Jasahara Cariu
K Karakaṃḍa Cariu
KL Kīrttilatā
MP Mahāpurāṇa
Ṇ Ṇayakumāra Cariu
PC Pauma Cariu
PG Prācīna Gurjara Kāvya Saṃgraḥ
Pr.Pg. Prākṛta Paiṃgalam
PSC Paumasiri Cariu (Dhahila)
R Rāulavela
SC Sukumāla Cariu
Grammar Notations
1 first person
2 second person
3 third person
Abl ablative
Abs absolutive
Acc accusative
Adj adjective
Adv adverb
Ap Apabhraṃśa
Avh Avahaṭṭha
B Bengali
D “Deśi śabda” (word of indigenous origin)
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Dat dative
EIA Eastern Indo-Aryan
Fem feminine
Gen genitive
Imp imperative
Inf infinitive
Ind indeclinable
Inst instrumental
Int interrogative
Loc locative
Masc masculine
MB Middle Bengali
MIA Middle Indo-Aryan
MSH Modern Standard Hindi
NIA New Indo-Aryan
Nom nominative
Neut neuter
OIA Old Indo-Aryan
Pkt Prākrit
Pl plural
PP past participle
Pr pronoun
PresP present participle
P participle
SG singular
Skt Saṃskṛta (Sanskrit)
Voc vocative

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Part I
Textual Analysis
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