Cities and Nationhood: American Imperialism and Urban Design in the Philippines, 1898–1916 PDF
Preview Cities and Nationhood: American Imperialism and Urban Design in the Philippines, 1898–1916
Cities and Nationhood Cities and Nationhood American Imperialism and Urban Design in the Philippines, 1898–1916 Ian Morley University of Hawai‘i Press Honolulu © 2018 University of Hawai‘i Press All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America 23 22 21 20 19 18 6 5 4 3 2 1 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Morley, Ian, author. Title: Cities and nationhood : American imperialism and urban design in the Philippines, 1898–1916 / Ian Morley. Description: Honolulu : University of Hawai‘i Press, [2018] | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2017056401 | ISBN 9780824872922 (cloth alk. paper) Subjects: LCSH: Colonial cities—Philippines. | City planning—Political aspects—Philippines. | Architecture, American—Philippines. | Philippines—History—1898-1946. Classification: LCC HT169.P6 M67 2018 | DDC 307.7609599—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017056401 Cover photos: (Front) Rizal Park, Manila; (back) Statue of Daniel Burnham in Burnham Park, Baguio. Photos courtesy of the author. University of Hawai‘i Press books are printed on acid-free paper and meet the guidelines for permanence and durability of the Council on Library Resources. Contents Acknowledgments / vii Chapter 1. Modernity, Nationhood, and Philippine Cities / 1 Chapter 2. Spanish Colonialism, American Imperialism, and the Philippines / 18 Chapter 3. The City Beautiful and the Modern Philippine Capital City / 46 Chapter 4. Baguio: The United States’ City Beautiful in the Philippine Uplands / 86 Chapter 5. Regional Capital Plans and Provincial Civic Centers / 115 Chapter 6. Conclusion / 157 Notes / 183 Bibliography / 223 Index / 243 v Acknowledgments In bringing this project to fruition, I am indebted to a number of individuals and institutions. First, I wish to acknowledge the role of the late Professor Anthony Sutcliffe, under whom, as a MA stu- dent at Leicester University, I was introduced to the field of planning history. Without Tony’s support from that time, aside from his capacity to articulate his enormous knowledge of cities, their histories, and their environmental designs, I would not have had my curiosity piqued as to why cities evolve as they do, and consequently why they have the urban forms they have. From the bedrock of tutorials in the Attenborough Tower (and the subsequent occasional get-togethers in pubs in Notting- ham), I have ultimately been inspired to investigate the history of urban design in the Philippines. Moreover, thanks to his encouragement, I be- came genuinely interested, for the first time, in learning for the sake of learning: hitherto my education had always been something I felt thrust upon me rather than something I could enjoy for its own sake. Thank you, Tony! With reference to the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), I would like to acknowledge the Department of History for granting me the freedom to research academic fields of genuine appeal to me, and I extend my gratitude to the Faculty of Arts for their Direct Grants for Research in initiating my investigations into Philippine urban history and for the Publication Subvention Fund (2016–2017) in supporting this publication. My gratitude to the Faculty of Arts is deepened by their giving of the Humanities Fellowship to me in 2015 so as to permit me additional time for my research process. I am also particularly grateful to the Research Grants Council (RGC) in Hong Kong. Without their generous funding this project would not have occurred, and conse- quently my ability to access archives outside of Hong Kong would have been severely limited. Without the RGC General Fund for Research, and vii viii Acknowledgments the grant awarded to me, the project upon which this book is based quite simply would not have got started. Mention, and so appreciation, must be given also to the numerous archivists who have given me assistance over the course of the past few years in Hong Kong, the Philippines, and United States. Particular thanks go to the staff of the Rizal Library at Ateneo de Manila Univer- sity, peers at the University of the Philippines–Diliman—particularly Professor Gerard Lico and Dan Silvestre—staff at the Library of Con- gress, National Archives II in Maryland, the Art Institute of Chicago, National Library of the Philippines, as well as archivists at Yale Univer- sity and Harvard University. Furthermore, without the support of friends in different countries—Stael Alvarenga de Periera Costa, Renato Leao, Tony Potts, and Murat Cetin, for instance—the road to completing this book would have been much rockier: thank you for your support. Addi- tionally, it would be impossible to not acknowledge the assistance given by Ms. Lin Jin, my research assistant, who offered great time and effort to the cause of investigating the history of urban planning in the Philip- pines. Finally, I’d like to thank my family for all their support: Alexan- dra, Anaé, and Emeline . . . this book is for you! Cities and Nationhood
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