Circum-Baltic Languages Volume 1: Past and Present

405 Pages·2001·2.57 MB·

by  Dahl, Östen(Editor);Koptjevskaja-Tamm, Maria(Editor)

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TheCircum-BalticLanguages
Studies in Language Companion Series (SLCS)
TheSLCSserieshasbeenestablishedasacompanionseriestoStudiesinLanguage,
InternationalJournal,sponsoredbytheFoundation“Foundationsoflanguage”.
SeriesEditors
WernerAbraham MichaelNoonan
UniversitiesofGroningen,Berkeley UniversityofWisconsin-Milwaukee
andVienna USA
EditorialBoard
JoanBybee ChristianLehmann
UniversityofNewMexvico UniversityofErfurt
UlrikeClaudi RobertLongacre
UniversityofCologne UniversityofTexas,Arlington
BernardComrie BrianMacWhinney
MaxPlanckInstitute,Leipzig Carnegie-MellonUniversity
MarianneMithun
WilliamCroft UniversityofCalifornia,SantaBarbara
UniversityManchester EdithMoravcsik
ÖstenDahl UniversityofWisconsin,Milwaukee
UniversityofStockholm MasayoshiShibatani
GerritDimmendaal KobeUniversity
UniversityofLeiden RussellTomlin
MartinHaspelmath UniversityofOregon
MaxPlanckInstitute,Leipzig JohnVerhaar
EkkehardKönig TheHague
FreeUniversityofBerlin
Volume54
TheCircum-BalticLanguages:TypologyandContact
EditedbyÖstenDahlandMariaKoptjevskaja-Tamm
The Circum-Baltic Languages
Typology and Contact
Edited by
Östen Dahl
Maria Koptjevskaja-Tamm
StockholmUniversity
JohnBenjaminsPublishingCompany
Amsterdam(cid:1)/(cid:1)Philadelphia
TM ThepaperusedinthispublicationmeetstheminimumrequirementsofAmerican
8
NationalStandardforInformationSciences–PermanenceofPaperforPrinted
LibraryMaterials,ansiz39.48-1984.
LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData
Circum-Baltic languages : Typology and contact / edited by Östen Dahl and Maria
Koptjevskaja-Tamm.
p. cm.(StudiesinLanguageCompanionSeries,issn0165–7763;v.54–55)
Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.
Contents:v.1.Pastandpresent--v.2.Grammarandtypology.
1.BalticSeaRegion--Languages. I.Dahl,Östen. II.Koptjevskaja-Tamm,Maria.
III.Series.
P381.B33 C57 2001
491’.9--dc21 2001025046
isbn9027230579(Eur.)/1588110206(US)(Hb,v.1;alk.paper)
isbn9027230595(Eur.)/1588110427(US)(Hb,v.2;alk.paper)
©2001–JohnBenjaminsB.V.
Nopartofthisbookmaybereproducedinanyform,byprint,photoprint,microfilm,orany
othermeans,withoutwrittenpermissionfromthepublisher.
JohnBenjaminsPublishingCo.·P.O.Box36224·1020meAmsterdam·TheNetherlands
JohnBenjaminsNorthAmerica·P.O.Box27519·Philadelphiapa19118-0519·usa
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Table of contents
vii
Listofabbreviations
x
Listofcontributors
Introduction
xv
TheCircum-BalticLanguages:Introductiontothevolume
ÖstenDahlandMariaKoptjevskaja-Tamm
Part 1
SurveyofselectedCircum-Balticlanguagesandlanguagevarieties
3
TheLatvianlanguageanditsdialects
LaimuteBalodeandAxelHolvoet
41
TheLithuanianlanguageanditsdialects
LaimuteBalodeandAxelHolvoet
RussianvarietiesinthesoutheasternBalticarea:UrbanRussianofthe
81
19thcentury
ValeriyCˇekmonas
101
RussianvarietiesinthesoutheasternBalticarea:Ruraldialects
ValeriyCˇekmonas
137
SwedishdialectsaroundtheBalticSea
Anne-CharlotteRendahl
179
TheFinniclanguages
JohannaLaakso
Part 2
EarlyhistoryoftheCircum-Balticlanguages
215
TheoriginoftheScandinavianlanguages
ÖstenDahl
237
BalticinfluenceonFinniclanguages
Lars-GunnarLarsson
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vi Tableofcontents
Part 3
ContactphenomenainminorCircum-Balticlanguages
TheroleoflanguagecontactintheformationofKarelian,pastand
257
present
StefanM.Pugh
271
Syntacticcode-copyinginKaraim
ÉvaÁgnesCsató
285
YiddishintheBalticregion
NeilG.Jacobs
313
TheNorthRussianRomanidialect:InterferenceandCodeSwitching
AleksandrYu.Rusakov
OnsomeCircum-BalticfeaturesofthePskov-Novgorod(Northwestern
339
CentralRussian)dialect
ValeriyCˇekmonas
i 1
Nameindex
i 9
Languageindex
i 15
Subjectindex
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List of abbreviations
Abbreviationsusedinglosses
abess abessive emph emphatic
abl ablative erg ergative
abs absolutive ess essive
acc accusative fem feminine
acnnr actionnominalizer freq frequentative
act active fut future
adess adessive gen genitive
adj adjective ger gerund
adjr adjectiv(al)izer hab habitual
adv adverb hon honorific
advr adverbializer ill illative
all allative imp imperative
aux auxiliary impf imperfect
com comitative impr impersonal
comm common(gender) indef indefinite
comp complementizer indir indirective
cond conditional iness inessive
conneg formoftheverbusedwith inf infinitive
negation inst instrumental
conv converb instruc instructive
cop copula int interrogative
dat dative intr intransitive
deb debitive ipfv imperfective
def definite(article) ips impersonalpassive
dem demonstrative loc locative
det determiner masc masculine
dim diminutive minf Estonianma-infinitive
dir direct n noun
du dual neg negative
dur durative nfin nonfinite
elat elative nom nominative
viii Listofabbreviations
nonpastnonpast pref prefix
nr nominalizer prep preposition
neut neuter pret preterite
obj object pres present
obl oblique prtv partitive
opt optative past past
part participle refl reflexive
pass passive sub subject
pf perfect sg singular
pfv perfective subj subjunctive
pl plural suff suffix
po partialobject sup superlative
poss possessive term terminative
pot potential tinf Estonianta-infinitive
pp perfectiveparticle to totalobject
ppa presentparticipleactive trnsl translative
ppp past/preteritpassive zerik Basque“zerik”-case
participle
Additionalabbreviations
Abx Abkhaz FSwd FinlandSwedish
Arm Armenian Gal Galindian
Balt Baltic Grg Georgian
Blg Bulgarian Grk Greek
BY BalticYiddish Grm German
Bylr Belarusian HGrm HighGerman
CourlY CuronianYiddish Hng Hungarian
Cur Curonian Ice Icelandic
CY CentralYiddish Ing Ingrian
Cz Czech Ir Irish
Dal Dalecarlian It Italian
Dan Danish Jat Jatvingian
Dut Dutch Kar Karelian
Eng English Kom Komi
ErzaMrd ErzaMordvin Krm Karaim
Est Estonian: Ksh Kashubian
EY EasternYiddish Lat Latin
Fin Finnish LGrm LowGerman
Fr French Lith Lithuanian
</TARGET"loa">
Listofabbreviations ix
LivK LivonianinCuronia Pol Polish
LivSal Salis-Livonian,Livonianin PPC pseudo-partitivenominal
Vidzeme(nearSalis). construction
LRmn LatvianRomani Rmn Romani
Ltg LatgalianLtv Latvian Rus Russian
Lud Ludian SAE StandardAverageEuropean
Mar Mari Sam Sami
MarEast EasternMari SCr Serbian/Croatian
Mrd Mordvin SEst SouthEstonian,
NEst NorthernEstonian SEY SoutheasternYiddish
NEY NortheasternYiddish Slve Slovenian
NRRD NorthRussianRomani Spn Spanish
dialects StY StandardYiddish
Nsam NorthSami Swd Swedish
OHGrm OldHighGerman SY SouthernYiddish
OLith OldLithuanian Ttr Tatar
Olo Olonetsian Udm Udmurt
ONrs OldNorse Ukr Ukrainian
OPrs OldPrussian Vot Votian
Oss Ossete Vps Veps
PC partitivenominal WY WesternYiddish
construction Yid Yiddish
Plb Polabian ZY zameteryidish,Samogitian
Yiddish
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List of contributors
ÖstenDahl,[email protected]
Dept.ofLinguistics,StockholmUniversity,SE-10691,Stockholm,Sweden
MariaKoptjevskaja-Tamm,[email protected]
Dept.ofLinguistics,StockholmUniversity,SE-10691,Stockholm,Sweden
LaimuteBalode,laimute.balode@helsinki.fi
Dept.ofSlavicandBalticLanguagesandLiteratures,P.O.Box4,Vuorikatu5B,
FIN-00014Helsinki,Finland
AxelHolvoet,[email protected]
Lietuviukalbosinstitutas,Antakalnio6,2055Vilnius,Lithuania
ValeriyCˇekmonas,[email protected]
Dept.ofSlaviclanguagesandliteratures,VilniusUniversity,Krokuvos1–24,
LT-2005Vilnius5;Lithuania
Anne-CharlotteRendahl,[email protected]
Dept.ofLinguistics,StockholmUniversity,SE-10691,Stockholm,Sweden
JohannaLaakso,[email protected]
InstitutfürFinno-UgristikderUniversitätWien,Spitalgasse2–4,Hof7,A-1090
Wien,Austria
Lars-GunnarLarsson,Lars-Gunnar.Larsson@finugr.uu.se
Dept.ofFinno-Ugrianlanguages,UniversityofUppsala,Box256,SE-75105,
Uppsala,Sweden
StefanPugh,[email protected]
Dept.ofSlavicLanguagesandLiteratures,DukeUniversity,Durham,NC27706,
UK
ÉvaÁ.CsatóJohanson,[email protected]
DepartmentofAsianandAfricanLanguages,UppsalaUniversity,Box527,
SE-75120Uppsala,Sweden