Ciba Foundation Symposium - The Spinal Cord

315 Pages·1953·13.285 MB·English

THE SPINAL CORD
Ciba Symposia
Foundation
General Volumes
Toxaemias of Pregnancy 21s.
Liver Disease 25s.
Isotopes in Biochemistry 27s. 6d.
Visceral Circulation 30s.
Mammalian Germ Cells
In preparation
The Chemical Structure of Proteins
A CIBA FOUNDATION SYMPOSIUM
THE SPINAL CORD
Constilting Editors
J. L. MALCOLM J. A. B. GRAY
M.B., Ch.B., B.Med.Sc. M.A., M.B., B.Chir.
Edftor for the Ciba Poundation
G. E. W. WOLSTENHOLME
O.B.E., M.A., M.B., B.Ch.
Assisted bg
JESSIE S. FREEMAN
M.B., B.S., D.P.H.
Wfh1 12 Illzcstiations
LONDON
J. & A. CHURCHILL Ltd.
104 GLOUCESTER PLACE, W.l
1953
ALL RIGHTSR ESERVED
This book may not be reprodwed.by
any means, in whole or in part, wth-
out the permission of the Publishers
Printed in Great Britain
PREFACE
THE Ciba Foundation is an international centre where
workers active in medical and chemical research are en?
couraged to meet informally to exchange ideas and informa-
tion. In three years since its opening in June 1949, in.
addition to many part-day discussions, there have been 18
international symposia, each lasting two to four days,
attended on invitation by outstanding workers from many
countries.
The informality and intimacy of these meetings have
promoted discussion of current and incomplete research and
stimulated lively arguments and speculation. They have
also been the occasion for reference to much published and
unpublished work throughout the world. The proceedings
are now being issued in full, with only a minimum of editing,
in order to pass on to a wider audience the benefits of these
meetings. Assembled in book form they present very read-
ably much information not readily available elsewhere.
Twelve of the 18 symposia so far held have been con-
cerned mainly with steroid hormones, and are being published
in a series of volumes under the heading “Colloquia on Endo-
crinology”. The first four of these volumes have been
produced and contain the proceedings of eight conferences.
General symposia, on the varied subjects of “Toxaemias of
Pregnancy”, “Liver Disease”, “Isotopes in Biochemistry”
and “Visceral Circulation” have been published, and another
is in preparation on “Mammalian Germ Cells”.
“The Spinal Cord” is the fifth of these general books to
appear, and contains all the papers and the informal general
discussions of a symposium attended by many of the world’s
leading authorities in this field, from nine nations in all, their
approach to the problems being from anatomical, physio-
logical, pharmacological, clinical and other viewpoints.
V
vi PREFACE
It is hoped that the lively and informative discussions now
reported in this book will be of real value, both factually and
imaginatively, to scientists in many centres and also in other
fields of research.
It is impossible to ask all workers, active or interested in
any one field, to join in these meetings at the Ciba Foundation,
but perhaps this book and its fellow-volumes will give others
sense of participation in these scientific and friendly
a
gatherings.
CONTENTS
Chairman: E. D. ADRIANO,M , PRS
Vice-Chairmun: G. L. BROWNC,B E, MSC, FRS
PAGE
Vice-Chairman’s opening remarks
PROFG. . L. BROWNC,B E, MSC, FRS . . I
A contribution from the study of cords of lower forms
T. H. BULLOCKPh,D (Dept,. of Zoology, University of Cali-
.
fornia)
3
Discussion
.
T. H. BULLOCJK., C. ECCLESR, . LORENTDEE N6 10
Some factors regulating the form and organization of the
motoneurones of the spinal cord
.
D. H. BARRONMD, (Dept. of Physiology, Yale University) 14
Discussion
E. D. ADRIAND,. H. BARRONC., G. BERNHARFD. ,B REMER,
G. L. BROWNT, . H. BULLOCKJ,. C. ECCLES,G . J.
.
ROMANESA,. SCHWEITZER
19
The motor cell groupings of the spinal cord
G. J. ROMANEPSm, , MB,c m (Dept. of Anatomy, University
.
of Edinburgh) 24
Discussion
D. H. BARRONT., H. BULLOCKR,. JUNGR, . LORENTDEE
G. J. ROMANES .
N6, 38
Analysis of the spinal cord potentials in leads from the cord
dorsum
C. G. BERNHAR(DPr ofessor, Dept. of Physiology, Karolinska
.
Institutet, Stockholm)
43
Discussion
C. G. BERNHARFD. ,B REMERJ., C. ECCLESJ,. A. B. GRAY,
W. SCHLAPPG,. STROM . 60
vii
...
Vlll CONTENTS
PAGE
comparison of the monosynaptic and polysynaptic reflex
A
responses of the spinal cord under variety of influences
a
C. McC. BROOKSP,~ Da, nd K. KOIZUM(ID ept. of Physiology
.
and Pharmacology, State University of New York)
63
Discussion
D. H. BARRONF,. BREMERJ,. C. ECCLESB, . H. C.
MATTHEWSD, . WHITTERIDGE .
74
Strychnine tetanus of the spinal cord
F. BREMER(P rofessor, Laboratoire de Pathologie GnCrale,
University of Brussels) . 78
Discussion
E. D. ADRIAN,F . BREMPRC, . McC. BROOKSR, . LORENTE
DE N6, B. H. c. h24TTHEWS 82
Some observations on dorsal root potentials
J. L. MALCOLMM, B, ChB, BMedSc (Dept. Of Physiology, St.
Mary’s Hospital, London) . 84
Some features of the spinal reflex connections of splanchnic
afferent fibres
C. B. B. DOWNMANB,S C (Sherrington School of Physiology,
St. Thomas’s Hospital, London) .
92
Discussion
F. BREMERG, . L. BROWNS,I R H. DALE,C . B. B. DOWN-
.
MAN, J. C. ECCLEJS., A. B. GRAY,J . L. MALCOLW 97
Some effects of repetitive stimulation of afferents on reflex
conduction
w.
A. A. JEFFERSMODN, C,M , FRCS, and SCHLAPP, MB, ChB,
. .
BSC, PhD (Dept. of Physiology, Univ. of Manchester) 99
Discussion
F. BREMERG, . L. BROWNJ,. C. ECCLESA,. A. .J EFFERSON,
R. JUNGW,. SCHLAPGP., STROM0, . WYSS
117
Antidromic propagation of impulses into motoneurones
L. G. BROCKM, B, ChB, BSo, J. s. COOYBS,M Sc, and J. c.
ECCLESDP, MI, FRACP, FRS (Depts. of Physiology, Australian
National University, Canberra, and Univ. Otago, Dunedin)
120
Discussion
.
SIR H. DALE, J. C. ECCLESW, . S. FELDBERRG. J, UNG
129
CONTENTS
ix
PAGE
Conduction of impulses in the neurons of the oculomotor
nucleus
R. LORENTED E N6, DID (Rockefeller Inst. for Medical
Research, New York) . . 13"
Discussion
F. BREMERC, . McC. BROOKST, . €1. BULLOCKJ,. C.
13ccr.1~sR, . LORENTDEE N6, B. H. C. MATTHEWS . . 173
Disynaptic reflex linkage between certain muscles of the
hind limb
Y. LAPORTE(R ockefeller Institute, New York, and Dept.
of Physiology, Toulouse) . . 180
Discussion
E. HAGBARTI1 . 193
K.
Some effects of anticholinesterase on the spinal cord of
the cat
C. R. SKOGLUN(DDe pt. of Physiology, Karolinska Institutet,
. .
Stockholm)
196
Discussion
D. H. BARRONF,. BREMERE, . BULBRINGJ,. C. ECCLES,
W. S. FELDBERJG. A, . B. GRAY,R . LORENTDEE N6, C. R.
. .
SKOGLUND "10
Local application of substances to the spinal cord
D. W. KENNARDM,B ,B S (Dept. of Pharmacology, University
College, London) . . 214
Discussion
. .
J. C. ECCLESD, . W. KENNARD 221
The effects of close arterial injections of acetylcholine and
anticholinesterase on the activity of the cervical cord of
the cat
w. s. FELDBERMGD,, FRS, J. A. B. GRAYM, A, MB, BCh, and
W. L. M. PERRYM,D (National Institute for Medical Research,
London) . , 222
Discussion
D. H. BARRONC,. G. BERNHARDF,. BREMERC, . McC.
BROOKSJ,. C. ECCLES,W . S. FELDBERJG. A, . B. GRAY,
R. JUNGB, . H. C. MATTHEWS, G. J. ROMANESA,.
. .
SCHWEITZER 226
X CONTENTS
PAGE
The action of 4-tubocurarine and strychnine the spinal
on
cord of the cat
D. TAVERNEMR,B E,M D (Dept. of Medicine, The General
. .
Infirmary, Leeds)
281
Discussion
G. BERNHARDA., FESSARDY, . LAPORTEW, . L. M.
C. . .
PERRYD, . TAVERNER
24.5
Speculations the servo-control of movement
on
P. A. MERTON, MB, BChir (Neurological Research Unit,
. .
National Hospital, London)
247
Discussion
J. C. ECCLESR, . JuNG,-B.K ATZB, . H. C. MATTHEWS,
. .
P. A. MERTONC., G. PHILLIPST,. D. M. ROBERTS 255
Specific areas for excitation and inhibition of hind
skin
limb reflexes
K. E. HAGBART(HN obel Institute for Neurophysiology,
. .
Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm)
261
Discussion
D. H. BARRONF., BREMERT,. H. BULLOCJK., C. ECCLES,
.
K. E. HAGBARTAH. ,S CHWEITZEDR. W, HITTERIDGE
271
Afferent nervous connections of the lateral cervical nucleus
B. REXEDa nd G. S T ~ M(No bel Institute for Neuro-
. .
physiology, KaroBnska Institutet, Stockholm)
274
Discussion
G. BERNHARD, B. B. DOWNMAGN. , J. ROMANES,
C. C. . .
W. A. H. RUSHTONG,. STROM
278
Nerve conduction poliomyelitis
in .
D. M. BROOKSFR, CS (Institute of OrthopEdics, London) 280
Discussion
D. M. BROOKSJ,. ECCLESP, . A. MERTON, W. L. M.
C.
PERRYT, . D. M. ROBERTSG,. J. ROMANEDS., TAVERNER
289
Vice-chairman’s closing remarks
. .
G. L. BROWNC,B E, MSO,F RS 291