Ciba Foundation Symposium - Regulation of Cell Metabolism

409 Pages·1959·9.41 MB·English

CIBA FOUNDATION SYMPOSIUM - REGULATION OF CELL METABOLISM
G. E. W. WOLSTENHOLME AND CECILIA M. O’CONNOR
Copyright © 1959 Ciba Foundation
REGULATION OF
CELL METABOLISM
Ciba Foundation Symposia
General Voiumes :
Mammalian Germ Cells - - - - -
30s.
Preservation and Transulantation of Normal
Tissues - - - - - - - 25s.
LeukaemiaResearch - - - - -
30s.
Chemistry and Biology of Pteridines - - 42s.
Porphyrin Biosynthesis and Metabolism - 30s.
Histamine - - - - - - - 50s.
Extrasensory Perception - - - 27s. 6d.
Bone Structure and Metabolism - - - 45s.
Paper Electrophoresis - - - - - 35s.
Ionizing Radiations and Cell Metabolism - 45s.
The Natureof Viruses - - - - - 42s.
Chemistry and Biology of Purines - - - 48s.
Drug Resistance in Micro-organisms - - 50s.
Chemistry and Biology of Miicopolysaccharides 45s.
The CerebrospinalFluid - - - - 50s.
Neurological Basis of Behaviour - - 52s. 6d.
Amino Acids and Peptides with Antimetabolic
Activity - - - - - - - 45s.
Medical Biology and Etruscan Origins - - 45s.
Biosynthesis of Terpenes and Sterols - - 45s.
Carcinogenesis : Mechanisms of Action - - 48s.
A leajlet giving fuller details of these uolumes, a150 of the Ciba
Foundation Colloquia on Endocrinology and Colloquia on
Ageing, is available from the Publishers
CIBA FOUNDATION SYMPOSIUM
ON THE
REGULATION OF
CELL METABOLISM
Editors for the Ciba Foundation
G. W. WOLSTENHOLME, O.B.E., M.A., M.B., B.Ch.
E.
and
CECILIA M. O’CONNOR, B.Sc.
With 109 Illustrations
LONDON
J. & A. CHURCHILL LTD.
104 GLOUCESTER PLACE, W.l
1959
This book is protected under the Bmne Convention.
It may not be reproduced by any means, in whole
OT in part, without permission. Application with
regard to reproduction should be uddressed to the
Publishers.
@ J. & A, CHURCRILL LTD, 1959
Printed in Great Britain
THE Ciba Foundation, a unique international institution,
owes its inception to the generosity of CIBA Limited, Basle.
However, being established under British trust law, it enjoys
complete independence in practice and policy.
Under the guidance of its distinguished Trustees, the
Foundation offers accommodation to scientists from all over
the world at its home in Portland Place. Foremost in its acti-
vities is the organization of small conferences, the proceedings
of which are published in book form in the manner of the
present volume. The Foundation convenes many other in-
formal discussions between research workers of different dis-
ciplines and different nationalities and each year invites an
outstanding authority to deliver a special lecture. An exchange
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ducted and a library service is available. Furthermore, the
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firm located in this ancient Swiss town.
V
THE CIBA FOUNDATION
for the Promotion of International Co-operation in Medical and Chemical Research
41 PORTLANPLDA CEL,O NDONW, .l.
Trustees
THE RIQHT HON.L ORDA DRIAN,O .M., F.R.S.
THE RT. LORDB EVERIDGEK, .C.B., F.B.A.
HON.
SIR RUSSELLB RAIN,B T.
THE HON.S IR GEORGEL LOYD-JACOB
SIR RAYMONNDE EDHAMQ, .C., F.S.A.
Executive Council
SIR RAYMONDN EEDHAMC, lkairman PROFESSDORR. DR. h.c. R. MEIER
LORDB EVERIDGE SIR. PHILIPM AIR
PROFESSOA.R HADDOWF,. R.S. PROFESSOF. RG . YOUNG,F .R.S.
Director, and Secretary to the Execulive Council
DR. G. E. WOLSTENHOLMOE.,B .E.
W.
Deputy Director
DR. H. N. H. GENESE
Assistant Secretary
N. BWD
MISS
Edilorial Assistants
MISS CECILIAM . O'CONNOR,B .Sc. i\I~sRs IAEVE O'CONNORB, .A.
Librarian
Miss JOANE THERINQTON
PREFACE
SIR HANS KREBSr efers in his opening address to the
origins of this symposium. It will be clear to readers that in
addition to being largely responsible for initiating it, he
greatly influenced its organization and, as Chairman, its
course. For his encouragement and wise counsel the Director
of the Foundation is deeply indebted-an increase in personal
and professional indebtedness which goes back to the Director’s
undergraduate days at Cambridge.
Gratitude is also due in full measure to Professor Dickens,
who warmly supported the proposal of the symposium, and
gave valued assistance in its preparation.
Although the Editors are accustomed to the task of pre-
paring for publication conference proceedings on very diverse
subjects, they are more conscious than ever on this occasion
that this book, by experts for experts, may clearly reveal their
deficiencies. If the final product is satisfactory, it will be
largely due to the ready co-operation of contributors, pub-
lishers, and Mr. William Hill, who compiled the index. It is
hoped that this work, as Sir Hans has suggested, prove
will
to be a pioneer book of great value and importance in the
coming years.
CONTENTS
PAGE
Chairman's introductory address. Rate-limiting factors
in cell respiration
.
by SIR HANSK REBS
1
Discussion :C HANCED,I CKENSD,E DUVEG, REVILLE,H INSHEL-
WOOD, KREBSL, IPMANNM, AGASANIKM, C.I LWAIN,P ARDEE,
POTTERR, ACKERS,I EKEVITSZL, ATER
11
On the meaning of intracellular structure for metabolic
regulation
by P. SIEKEVITZ
17
Discussion : ALDRIDGEB, ARTLEYC, HANCE., KING, LIPMANN,
LYNENP, OTTERR,A CKERS,I EKEVITZ
45
Some topographical aspects of the regulation of cell
metabolism
.
byC.DEDum 50
Discussion :C HANCE,C OXOND,E DUVEE, STABROOGKR,E VILLE,
LEHNINGEPRO, TTERS,I EKEVITSZL, ATER 53
Control of rate of intracellular respiration
.
by E. C. SLATERan d W. C. H~LSMANN 58
Discussion : CHANCEH, ESS, HOLTONK, REBS,L EHNINGER,
.
LYNENP, OTTER, RACKERS,I EKEVITZ, SL.4TER a3
Quantitative aspects of the control of oxygen utilization
.
byB. CHANCE
91
Discussion : ALDRIDGEC, HANCEG,U TFREUNDH, ESS,H O. LZER,
LIPMANNM, CILWAINR,A CKERS,I EKEVITSZL, ATER
122
Control points in phosphorylating respiration and the
action of a mitochondria1 respiration-releasing factor
by A. L. LEHNINGECR. ,L . M'ADKINSa nd L. F. REMMERT 130
Discussion :C HANCEE,S TABROOHKE,S S,H OLTONL,E HNINGER,
.
LIPMANNR,A CKERS,I EKEVITSZL, ATER 145
Some problems in the choice of oxidative pathways of
carbohydrate metabolism
by F. DICKENSG,E RTRUDEE. GLOCKa nd PATRICIAMCLEAN
150
Discussion : CHANCE, DICKENSD,E DUVE,G LOCKG, REVILLE,
HESS,H OLZERK, INQ,P OTTERR, ACKER
183
viii
CONTENTS
ix
PACE
Short Communication:
Recent observations on the mechanism of glycogen syn-
thesis in muscle
. .
by P. W. ROBBINaSn d F. LIPMANN
188
Alternative pathways of electron transport
. .
by C. MARTIUS 194
Discussion : CHANCEE,S TABROOKKI,N G,K REBSL, EHNINGER,
LIPMANX,M AGASANIKM, ARTIUS, POTTER, SIEKEVITZ,
.
SL.4TER 200
Limiting factors in glycolysis of ascites tumour cells and
the Pasteur effect
. .
by E. RACKEaRn d R. Wv 205
Discussion : BARTLEYC,H ANCEG, REVILLEH,E SS,L EHNINGER.
LIPMANNL,Y NENM, CILWAIRNA, CKERS,I EKEVITZ 219
R6le of triphosphopyridine nucleotide in the regulation of
glycolysis in a cell-free preparation
by V. R. POTTERan d H. NIEMEYER , 230
Discussion : GREVILLEK,R EBSL, EHNINGELRI,P MANNL,Y NEN,
.
MAGASANMIKC, ILWAPIONT,T ER, RACKER, SL.4TER 253
Phosphate turnover and Pasteur effect
by F. LYNEN,G . HARTMANKN., F. NETTERa nd A.
.
SCHUEGRilF 256
Discussion : COXON,H ESS,H OLTONH,O LZERL,Y NENP, OTTER 273
Enzymic regulation of fermentation in yeast cells
by H. HOLZER 277
Discussion : CIIANCE, COXON, HESS,H INSHELWOOHDO,L ZER,
.
KING,K REBSL, YXENM, AGASANIII,R ACKERS,L ATER 287
Mechanisms for control of enzyme synthesis and enzyme
activity in bacteria
.
by A. B. PARDEE 295
Discussion : KREBS, LEIININGERL, IPMANNM, AGASANIK,
.
PARDEEP,O TTERR, ACKER 304
Automatic adjustment mechanisms in bacterial cells
.
by A. C. R. DEANa nd Sir CYRIL HINSHELWOOD 311
Discussion :C IIASCED, EANG, UTFREUNHDE,S S,H INSHELWOOD,
KING,K REBSL, EHKISGERLI, PXAKNM, AGASANPIKO,T TER,
.
RACKERS, IEKEVITZ 320
CONTENTS
X
PAGE
Regulation of growth and composition of the bacterial cell
by B. MAGASANIK,A DELE K. MAGASANIKa nd F. C.
. .
NEIDHARDT 334
Discussion : COXON, LEHNINGER.P, ARDEE, MAGASANI.K ,
MCILWAINR,A CKERS,I EKEVITZ 349
General Discussion
CHANCE, DICKENSD, E DUVE,K REBS,L EHNINGERLI, P-
MANN, LYNEN,M AGAS.A NIKM, CILWAINP,A RDEEP, OTTE. R,
RACKERS,I EKEVITZ 353