Ciba Foundation Symposium - Neurological Basis of Behaviour

441 Pages·1958·6.34 MB·English

NEUROLOGICAL BASIS
OF BEHAVIOUR
Ciba Foundation Symposia
General Volumes :
MammalianGermCells- - - - -
Preservation and Transplantation of Normal
Tissues - - - - - -
- - - -
LeukaemiaResearch
-
Chemistry and Biology of Pteridines
Porphyrin Biosynthesis and Metabolism
Histamine - - - - - -
Extrasensory Perception - - -
- -
Bone Structure and Metabolism
Paper Electrophoresis - - - -
Ionizing Radiations and Cell Metabolism
The Nature ofviruses - - - -
Chemistry and Biology of Purines - -
Drug Resistance in Micro-organisms -
Chemistry a-nd B-i olog-y of- Mu-c opo-ly sac--
charides
TheCerebrospinalFluid - - - -
A leaflet giving fuller details of these volumes, also of the
Ciba Foundation Colloquia on Endocrimlogy and Colloquia
on Ageing, is available from the Publishers.
CIBA FOUNDATION SYMPOSIUM
ON THE
NEUROLOGICAL BASIS
OF BEHAVIOUR
in commemoration of
SIR CHARLES SHERRINGTON, O.M., G.B.E., F.R.S.
1857-1952
Editors for the Ciba Foundation
G. E. W. WOLSTENHOLME, O.B.E., MA, M.B., B.CH.
and
CECILIA M. O’CONNOR, B.Sc.
With 109 Illustrations
LITTLE, BROWN AND COMPANY
BOSTON
Library of Congress Catalog No. 58-8770
THE CIBA FOUNDATION
for the Promotion of International Co-operation in Medical and Chemical Research
w.1.
41 PORTLAND PLACE, LONDON,
Trustees :
THE RIGHTH ON. LORDA DRIAN,O .M., F.R.S.
THE RIGHTH ON. LORDB EVERIDGEK,. C.B., F.B.A.
SIR RUSSELLB RAIN,B T.
THE HON. SIR GEORGEL LOYD-JACOB
SIR RAYMONNDE EDHAMQ, .C., F.S.A.
Executive Council :
SIR RAYMONNDE EDHAMC, hairman PROFESSDORR. D R. h.c. R. MEIER
LORDB EVERIDGE MR. PHILIPM AIR
PROFEEISAO. HR ADDOWF.R, .S. PROFESSFO. RG . Yomo, F.R.S.
Director, and Secretary to the Executive Council:
DR. G. E. W. WOLSTENHOLMOE.B, .E.
Deputy Director:
DB. H. N. H. GENESE
Assistant Secretary: Editorial Assistants :
MISS N. BLAND MISS CECILIAM . O'CONNORB,. Sc.
MISS MAEVEO 'CONNORB,. A.
Librarian :
MISS JOAENT HERINQTON
ALL RIQHTSR ESERVED
This book may not be reproduced by
any meam, in whole or in part, zwith-
out the pmission of the Publishers
Published in London by
J. & A. Churchill Ltd.
104 Gloucester Place, W.1
First Published 1958
Printed in Great Britain
PREFACE
A SERIES of international congresses in neurological sciences
in Brussels in the summer of 1957, suggested that it would be
useful to arrange a symposium on a related subject in London
shortly beforehand, thereby giving some assistance to people
from long distances to be present both at the Ciba Foundation
and in Brussels.
As suggested by Professor J. C. Eccles, such a meeting could
also serve to mark the centenary of the birth of Sherrington,
recalling in gratitude his greatness as a man and as a scientist.
After helpful discussions with Professor G. W. Harris, the
Director of the Foundation organized a symposium on
“Neurological Basis of Behaviour ”, at which Professor Harris
took the Chair, and this volume contains the proceedings of
this occasion.
The group present was a small one, as is usual at the Ciba
Foundation, for the purpose of thorough discussion of the
subject, but it is hoped that this publication will reach and
interest a very much wider circle of physiologists, anatomists,
neurologists, pharmacologists, psychiatrists, endocrinologists
and biologists, who could not be invited to participate in this
fairly intimate and informal meeting.
To some readers, this book may form an introduction to the
work of the Ciba Foundation, which is an educational and
scientific Charity, administered by the distinguished Trustees
and Members of Council whose names are given on the opposite
page.
The Foundation occupies a house nearly 200 years old in the
medical heart of London, where accommodation is provided
each year for nearly 1,000 scientists from thirty to forty
countries. Its activities include conferences, such as that
reported here, many briefer meetings, annual lectureships, a
V
vi PREFACE
postgraduate exchange scheme between Great Britain and
France, support of basic research on the problems of ageing,
and a library service in special fields.
The Foundation gives assistance to scientific institutions,
and to the organizing committees of international congresses.
It is hoped that in its hospitality, its meetings, and in such a
volume as this, it is also proving of value to the individual
research worker.
CONTENTS
PAGE
Chairman’s opening r.e marks
G. W. HARRIS 1
Early development of ideas relating the mind with the
brain .
byH.W.MAGOuN 4
Discussion: ADRIAN,B RAIN,D ELL,E CCLESE,L JCESH, ARRIS,
KL~VERL,E WIS, MACLEANM, AGOUN, MALCOLM, PEN-
FIELD, SHERWOOD 22
The behaviour of nerve cells
by J. C. ECCLES 28
Discussion :B EINE, CCLEES,L KESG, ASTAUTJ, ASPEKRL.U, VER,
MACLEANM, ALCOLMN, AQUET, OLDS, SHERWOOD 47
The behaviour of chronically decerebrate cats
.
by P. BARDa nd M. B. MACHT 55
Discussion : BARD, GASTAUT,J ASP.E MRA, CLEAN,M AGOUN,
MONNIER,P ENFIELWDI,L LIAMS 71
An appraisal of the effects of diencephalic stimulation of
conscious animals in terms of normal behaviour
by B. ANDERSSONP, . A. JEWEaLnLd S. LARSSON 76
Discussion: ANDERSSON, BEIN, DELL, ECCLESE, LEES,
FELDBERGGA,S TAUT,H ARRISM, ACLEAN,M ALCOLMO, LDS,
PENFIELRDI,C HTERS,K ERWOOD, 85
The effects upon behaviour of lesions in the dorsomedial
and anterior thalamic nuclei of cat and monkey
.
by J. B. BRIERLEYan d ELISABETBHEC K 90
Discussion : BARD, BECK, BRIERLEY,J ASP.E RK,L UVER,
MACLEANM, AGOUNM, ONNIER,S HERWOOD 101
Correlated effects in behaviour and electrical brain
activity evoked by stimulation of the reticular system,
thalamus and rhinencephalon in the .c onscious animal
by M. MONNIERa nd R. TISSOT 105
Discussion : GR.E EN, JASPEKRL UVER, MACLEAN,M ONNIER,
PROCTOR 120
vii
viii CONTE”
PAGE
Selective effects of drives and drugs on “reward” systems
of the brain .
by J. OLDS 124
Discussim: BRAIN, ELKES, GASTAUT, HENRY,J ASPER,
KLUVER, LEWIS, MACLEANM, ONNIER, OLDS, SHERWOOD. 142
The r61e of the temporal cortex in recall of past experience
and interpretation of the present
.
by WILDER PENFIELD 149
“The temporal lobe syndrome” produced by bilateral
ablations . .
by H. KLU”V ER 175
Discussion : BR. AIN, ELKES,J EFFERSOKLNUV, ER, LEWI.S ,
PENFIELD 182
Some basic mechanisms of the translation of bodily needs
into behaviour
. .
&P.DELL 187
Discussion : DELL, FELDBERHCAI,R RISJ, ASPEMRA, GOUN. ,
ROSENZWEIG. 201
Neurological basis of respo.n ses to stress .
by C. P. RICHTER 2M
Discussion : BRIERLEYE, LKESH, ARRIS~, U V E RM, ACLEAN,
MONNIE.R , OLDS, PENFIELDRI, CHTERR, OSENZWEISGE, ER. -
WOOD 217
The rhinencephalon and behaviour
.
&g J. D. GREEN 222
. .
Discussion: BARD,G REEN, KL~~VEMRIC,H AEL 233
Neurological site of action of stilboestrol in eliciting
sexual behaviour
by G. W. HARRISR, . P. MICHAELa nd PATRICPIA. S COTT 236
Discussion : BARD,G ASTAUT, GREEN, HARRIS,. J EFFER.S ON,
KLUVER,M ICHAEL,O LDS, PENFIELSDC, OTT 252
CONTENTS ix
PAGE
Some aspects of the neurophysiological basis of con-
ditioned reflexes and .b ehaviour .
by H. GASTAUT 255
.
Discussion: ECCLEESL, KES,G ASTAUTK, L~~VEMRA, GOUN 272
Patterns of cortical neuronal discharge during con-
ditioned responses in monkeys . .
by H. H. JASPEGR. ,F . RICCIa nd B. DOANE 277
Discussion : ECCLESG, ASTAUT, JA.S PEMRA, CLEILNP, EN. -
FIELD, ROSENZWESIGH,E RWOOD 290
The electrical activity of cortical neurones in relation
to behaviour, as studied with microelectrodes in unre-
strained cats . .
by J. L. MALCOLM 295
Discussion : ECCLESJ,A SPEMRA, CLEANM, ALCOLM,R OSE.N -
ZWEIG, SHERWOOD aoi
Drug effects in relation to receptor specificity within the
brain: some evidence. a nd provisional formulation .
byJ.E~ms 303
Dismsion: DE.L L, ECCLESE, LKES, FELDBERG%=, IS, .
SHERWOOD 382
Brain enzymes and adaptive behaviour
.
by M. R. ROSENZWEDIG. ,K RECHa nd E. L. BENNETT 837
.
Discussion: FELDBERJGA,S PEKRL,~ ~VERR,O SENZWEIG 856
The relevance of some neurophysiological data to be-
haviour disorders . .
by S. L. SHERWOOD 859
Discussion : ELKES,F ELDBERGJA, SPERM,O NNIER, PEN. -
FIELD, SHERWOOD 378
Group Di.s msion: ADRIAN,H ARRISK, LUVER, Oms, PEN. -
FIELD 880
List of those participating in or attending the Symposium
on “Neurological Basis of Behaviour
”
2nd-4th July, 1957
TEE RIGHTH ON.L ORDA DRIA.N Trinity College, University of Cambridge
. .
B.ANDERSSON Dept. of Physiology, Royal Veterinary
. College, Stockholm
. .
P.BARD Dept. of Physiology, Johns Hopkins Uni-
versity School of Medicine, Baltimore,
Maryland
. . .
ELIS~LBETHBECR Dept. of Neuropathology, IMt. of Psychi-
atry, Maudsley Hospital, London
. . .
H. J. BEIN , Biological Division, CIBA Linited, Basle
. . . .
S.BERMAN Dept. of Neurology, Medical School, Groote
Schuur Hospital, University of Capetown
SIR RUSSELBLR AINB, T. The London Hospital, London
. . .
J.B.BRIERLEY Dept. of Neuropathology, IMt. of Psychi-
. . . . atry, Maudsley Hospital, London
P.DELL Laboratory of Neurophysiology, HBpital
Henri Rousselle, Paris
. .
J. C. ECCLES Dept. of Physiology, The John Curtin
School of Medical Research, The Austral-
. ian National University, Canberra
. . .
J.EL~Es Clinical Neuropharmacology Research Cen-
ter, National Inst. of Mental Health,
Saint Elizabeths Hospital, Washing-
ton, D.C.
. . .
W. S.FELDBERG National Inst. for Medical Research, Mill
Hill, London
. . .
H. GASTAUT Facultd de MCdecine, Marseille
J.D. GREEN. . Dept. of Anatomy, University of California
Medical Center, Los Angeles
. . .
G. W. HARRIS Dept. of Neuroendocrinology, Inst. of
Psychiatry, Maudsley Hospital, London
. .
J.P.HENRY. European Office, Air Research and De-
velopment Command USAF, Brussels
. . .
H.H. JASPER Dept. of Neurology and Neurosurgery,
Montreal Neurological Inst., McGill Uni-
versity, Montreal
.
SIBG EOFFREJYE FFERSONu niversity of Manchester
xi