Ciba Foundation Symposium - Cellular Aspects of Immunity

506 Pages·1960·20.827 MB·English

CELLULAR ASPECTS
OF IMMUNITY
Ciba Foundation Symposia
General Volumes :
Mammalian Germ Cells - - - - -
Preservation and Transdantation of Normal
Tissues - - - - - -
LeukaemiaResearch - - - -
Chemistry and Biology of Pteridines -
Porphyrin Biosynthesis and Metabolism
Histamine - - - - - -
Extrasensory Perception - - -
Bone Structure and Metabolism - -
Paper Electrophoresis - - - -
Ionizing Radiations and Cell Metabolism
The Nature of Viruses - - - -
Chemistry and Biology of Purines - -
Drug Resistance in Micro-organisms -
Chemistry and Biology of Mucopolysaccharides
The Cerebrospinal Fluid- - - - -
Neurological Basis of Behaviour - - -
Amino Acids and Peptides with Antimetabolic
Activity - - - - - - -
Medical Biology and Etruscan Origins - -
Biosynthesis of Terpenes and Sterols - -
Carcinogenesis: Mechanisms of Action - -
Regulation of Cell Metabolism - - -
Biochemistry of Human Genetics - - -
Significant Trends in Medical Research - -
Congenital Malformations - - - -
A leajlel giving details of the Ciba Foundation Colloquia on
Endocrinology, Colloquia on Ageing and Study Group volumes
is available from the Publishers
CIBA FOUNDATION SYMPOSIUM
ON
CELLULAR ASPECTS
OF IMMUNITY
Editors for the Ciba Foundation
G. E. W. WOLSTENHOLME, O.B.E., M.A., M.B., M.R.C.P.
and
MAEVE O’CONNOR, B.A.
With 11 7 Illustrations
LITTLE, BROWN AND COMPANY
BOSTON
Library of Congress
Catalog ('nrd Number: 00-11 885
ALL RIGHTSR ESERVED
This book is protected under the Berne Convention.
It may not be reproduced by any means, in whole
or in part, without permission. Application with
regard to reproduction should be addressed to the
Publishers.
THE Ciba Foundation, a unique international institution,
owes its inception to the generosity of CIBA Limited, Basle.
However, being established under British trust law, it enjoys
complete independence in practice and policy.
Under the guidance of its distinguished Trustees, the
Foundation offers accommodation to scientists from all over
the world at its home in Portland Place. Foremost in its acti-
vities is the organization of small conferences, the proceedings
of which are published in book form in the manner of the
present volume. The Foundation convenes many other in-
formal discussions between research workers of different dis-
ciplines and different nationalities and each year invites an
outstanding authority to deliver a special lecture. An exchange
programme between French and British postgraduates is con-
ducted and a library service is available. Furthermore, the
Ciba Foundation attempts in every other way possible to aid
scientists, whether they be Nobel Laureates or young grad-
uates making their first original contribution to research.
The purpose of the Ciba Foundation, which is to promote
international co-operation in medical and chemical research,
is symbolized in the armorial bearings by five interlaced rings
representing the continents, a black sacrificial cock (emblem
of Aesculapius) holding a medical caduceus, and three regular
hexagons for chemistry. Its domicile in London is indicated by
the red sword of St. Paul and the British lion; the wyvern
and the crozier, symbols associated with Basle, refer to the
sponsoring firm located in this ancient Swiss town.
V
THE CIBA FOUNDATION
for the Promofion of International Co-operation in Medical and Chemical Research
PORTLAPNLDA CEL,O NDONW, .l.
41
Trustees
THER IGHTH ONL. ORDA DRIAN,O .M., F.R.S.
THER IGHTH ON.L ORDB EVERIDGEK,.C .H., F.R.A.
SIR RUSSELLB RAINB, T.
THEH ON.S IR GEORGEL LOYD-JACOB
SIR RAYMONNDE EDHAMQ, .C., F.S.A.
Executive Council
SIR RUSSELBL RAINB, T., Chairman THEH ONS. IR GEORGEL LOYD-JACOB
PROFESSAO. RH ADDOWF.,R .S. PROFESSODRR . DR. h.c. R. MEIER
SIR ARTHURV ERE HARVEY, PROFESSFO. RG . YOUNGF,. R.S.
C.B.E., M.P.
Director, and Secretary to the Executive Council
DR. G. E. W. WOLSTENHOLMEO, .B.E.
Assistant Secretary
MISS N. BLAND
Scientific Assistant Editorial Assistant
MISS CECILIAM . O'CONNOR,B .Sc. Miss MAEVEO 'CONNOR,B .A.
Conference Assistant
MRS. NANCYG . SPUFFORD
vi
PREFACE
INi ts 10th Anniversary year the Ciba Foundation for the
first time arranged three conferences away from its own
premises in London. The second of these took place in the
Abbey of Royaumont, now the property of the Cercle Culture1
de Royaumont, which lies in peaceful wooded country near
Chantilly, 22 miles north of Paris. This volume is a record of
the scientific proceedings of that meeting. Unfortunately no
report can be given of the social events or do justice to the
hospitality all participants received from the French members
present, many of whom also worked hard in helping with the
preparation and running of the symposium.
The original suggestion for a conference on a subject con-
nected with delayed hypersensitivity reactions came from
Professor Kourilsky, after consultation with Professor Bug-
nard, and it was with their invaluable advice and assistance,
and that of Professors Oberling, Grabar and Medawar, that
the Director of the Foundation was able to decide on the final
title and programme of the meeting. Professor Kourilsky
also agreed to act as Chairman, a task which he performed
with much energy and discretion. At a later stage, when the
book was being prepared for publication, Professor Medawar,
Professor Miescher and Dr. Humphrey gave reassuring advice
for which the editors would like to thank them.
vii
CONTENTS
PAGE
Chairman's opening remarks
R. KOURILSKY. 1
Short Communication :
Nomenclature of immunologically competent cells
.
by ASTRIDF AGRAEUS
3
An in vitro study of some mechanisms of antigen uptake by
cells
.
by R. ROBINEAUaXnd JANINPrEN m 5
Discussion : DIXON, HALPERNH, UMPHREYL, IXIERBID~G,
MIESCIIERR, OBINILWXSM, ITHV, OISIN . .
40
Degradation of a protein antigen by intracellular enzymes
by C. LAPRESLaEn d T. WNBB . .
44
Discussion : FAGRAEUGSRA, BAR, HALPERN,H ARRISH, UM-
PHREY, KUNKEL, LAP. RESLE,L EDERBICRGM, I.:DAWA.R ,
MILES, ROBINEAUX .57
Microcinematographic contributions to the study of
plasma cells
J. P. TIIIERY . . 39
by
Ultrastructure of immunologically competent cells
by W. BERNHARD and N. GRANBOULAN . . !,a
nisLcEusDsiEoRn B: BICERRSNEGLII,IA GRMLA),N FNA, GSRIMIEOCNSS, ENG,O TOIDII, kRGYR. %B.' t\n, IhRRIS., 117
Identification of immunologically competent cells
by M. SIMONSEN . . 122
Discussion : BURNETG, ORERI,I ARRISL,E DERBEILMGI,X MWAR,
MITCIIISONS, IMONSEN. . 131
Theories of immunological tolerance
by P. B. MEDAWAR . . 134
Discussion :B vitNm, DIXONG, OOD,G ORERG, RABARH,A RRIS,
HUMPHREYL, EDERBERGM, E. DAW AR, MIESCIIER,M ILES. ,
MONOD,S MITHW, AKSMAN
149
viii
CONTENTS ix
PAGE
Panel discussion on the clonal selection theory of antibody
formation
. .
BURNETL, ED'CRB ERG 157
70ith DIXONG, OOD, (:RAB.lR, H~RRIJSO,I IANOVSKhTfE~D, AWAR,
MILIIS, MONOII, SIMONSENS, rEnzL, VoIsrN
Lymph node cell transfer in relation to antibody formation
. .
ly T. N. HARRIaSn d SUSANNAH ARRIS 172
Formation of antibodies in vitro
by P. GRABARa nd P. CORVAZIER. . 198
Discussion : DIXONS, TERZI,F, AGRAEUS . . 206
A study of serum proteins related to immunity and their
cellular origins
by P. BURTIN . . 213
Discussion : BURTIN,G OOD, KUNKELM, I~.:SCITERM, ITCHISON,
SF.I,IGM.4NN, SMITH . . 224
The cellular basis for the immunological memory
. .
by D. W. DRESSERan d N. A. MITCIIISON 227
Discussion : BURNET,D IXON, FAGRAEUGSO,R ER, GRABAR,
HALPERNH, ARRIS,L EDERBEKG, MEDAWAR, MITCIIISON,
MONOD,S IMONSEN, ShlITII . . 238
Some biological and immunological properties of transfer
factor
.
by H. SIIERWOODL AWRENCE
* ?43
Discussion : GOOD, JOHANOVLASWKRJE, NCEL,E DERBERG,
. .
MILES, SMITHW, AKSMAN 272
A comparative histopathological study of delayed hyper-
sensitive reactions
. .
by B. €1. WAKSVAN 2 y
Discussion : GOOD, Gnmnn, JOIUNOVSK~K.,O URILSKY,
LEDERBERG, MEDAWAR, MILES, OBERLING, SIMONSEN,
WAKSMAN . . 322
Interactions between sessile and humoral antibodies in
homograft reactions
. .
by P. A. GORER 330
Discussion :B ERNHARGDO, RER,G RABARH, UMPHRELYE,D ER-
. .
BERG, MEDAWAR, MIESCHEH, OBERLING, WAKSMAN 343
X CONTENTS
PAGE
Response to active immunization of human infants during
the neonatal period
. .
by T. SMITII
R. 348,
Discussion : FAGRAECSG, OOD,G ORER,K UNKEI,L, EDERBERG,
MEDAWARS, ELIGMANNS,M ITH,S TERZL . . 369
Modifications of capillary permeability in immunological
reactions mediated through cells
by G. A. VOISINa nd FRANCITNOEU LLET . . 376
.
Discussion : MILES, VOISIN,W AKSMAN 405
The patterns and mechanism of fixation of anaphylactic
antibody on living tissues in vitro
by B. N. HALPERN,P . LIACOPOULOSR, . BIN.~GHaIn d
.
R. LIAcoPouLos-BIiIor
409-
Discussion :G RABARH, ALPERNH, UMPIIREYM, IESCHERM, ILES,
.
SMITII 425
Multiple “autoantibodies” to cell constituents in systemic
.
lupus erythematosus 4d
by H. G.K UNKELH, . R. H&.MANan d H. R. G. DEICIIICR
Discussion : Go~DK, UNKEI,, MIESCIIICRM, ONOD,R OBINEAUX,
. . .
SELIGMANN, STERZI,, WAKSMAN 438
The in vitro action of antigen-antibody complexes on
thrombocytes and erythrocytes
by P. MIESCHER,N . S. COOPERa nd D. HVREZ . .
4 6
Discussion : HCMPIIREYK,O URILSKMY,I ESCHER,H OBINEACX 459
Group discussion in summary
BURNET,w ith DIXON, FAGRAEUS, GOOD, GHABAR,
SUSANNAH ARRISH, UMPHREYK,U NREL,L EDERBERG,
MEDAWARM, ILES,M ONOD,S IMONSENW, AKSMANSM, ITH,
. .
STERZL 461
. .
Chairman’s closing remarks 475