Churchill, Borden and Anglo-Canadian Naval Relations, 1911–14 PDF
Preview Churchill, Borden and Anglo-Canadian Naval Relations, 1911–14
Churchill, Borden and Anglo-Canadian Naval Relations, 1911–14 Also by Martin Thornton ABORIGINAL PEOPLE AND OTHER CANADIANS (co-edited with Roy Todd) NANCY ASTOR’S CANADIAN CORRESPONDENCE 1912–1962 (ed.) SIR ROBERT BORDEN: Canada (Makers of the Modern World series) THE DOMESTIC AND INTERNATIONAL DIMENSIONS OF POLISH RESETTLEMENT IN CANADA, 1943–1947 TIMES OF HEROISM, TIMES OF TERROR: American Presidents and the Cold War Churchill, Borden and Anglo-Canadian Naval Relations, 1911–14 Martin Thornton Senior Lecturer, University of Leeds, UK © Martin Thornton 2013 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2013 978-1-137-30086-7 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No portion of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, Saffron House, 6–10 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS. Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The author has asserted his right to be identified as the author of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published 2013 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Palgrave Macmillan in the UK is an imprint of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number785998, of Houndmills, Basingstoke, HampshireRG21 6XS. Palgrave Macmillan in the US is a division of St Martin’s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010. Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies and has companies and representatives throughout the world. Palgrave® and Macmillan® are registered trademarks in the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries ISBN 978-1-349-45330-6 ISBN 978-1-137-30087-4 (eBook) DOI 10.1057/9781137300874 This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. Logging, pulping and manufacturing processes are expected to conform to the environmental regulations of the country of origin. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. Robert L. Borden and Winston S. Churchill leaving the Admiralty, 1912 Source: Library and Archives Canada, reference C-002082. This page intentionally left blank ‘When I resided in Halifax, Nova Scotia, I was one thousand miles nearer to London than to Vancouver on our western coast. If you could pivot Canada upon its eastern seaboard it would cover the northern part of the Atlantic Ocean, the British Islands, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Holland, Belgium, the northern part of France, the entire German Empire and a considerable portion of European Russia.’ (Speech by Prime Minister Robert L. Borden at the Royal Colonial Institute, London, 10 July 1912)1 This page intentionally left blank Contents List of Illustrations xi List of Tables xii Preface xiii Acknowledgements xviii 1 Anglo-Canadian Imperial Relations in the Nineteenth and 1 Early Twentieth Centuries 2 The Rise to Eminence of Winston S. Churchill and 24 Robert L. Borden 3 Winston S. Churchill Fears the Worst 35 4 Robert L. Borden, Canadian Naval Issues and His Visit to 46 Great Britain of 1912 5 Policy Developments and the Two Memoranda of 1912 63 6 The Naval Aid Bill and the Canadian House of Commons: 76 The Long Debate Begins 7 The Naval Aid Bill Reaches Closure in the House of 99 Commons 8 Rejection by the Canadian Senate, 1913 111 9 Aftermath: Canada, Great Britain and Developments in 123 International Affairs, 1913–14 Appendices Appendix A.1 Admiralty’s Secret Memorandum 137 Appendix A.2 Naval Aid Bill, 1912–13 150 Appendix A.3 Admiralty Memorandum put before the 151 Canadian House of Commons, 5 December 1912 Appendix A.4 The World’s Dreadnoughts – October 1912 156 Appendix A.5 Situation of Naval Powers in March 1913, 157 in Ships Built, Building and Projected ix
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