Chrysippus' on Affections: Reconstruction and Interpretations (Philosophia Antiqua)

364 Pages·2003·10.75 MB·English

by  Teun Tieleman

CHRYSIPPUS' ON AFFECTIONS
PHILO S Ο PHI A ANTIQUA
A SERIES OF STUDIES
ON ANCIENT PHILOSOPHY
FOUNDED BY J. H. WASZINK| AND W.J. VERDENIUSf
EDI TED BY
J. MANSFELD, D.T. RUNIA
J.C.M. VAN WINDEN
VOLUME XCIV
TEUN TIELEMAN
CHRYSIPPUS' ON AFFECTIONS
' '6 8 V
CHRYSIPPUS' ON AFFECTIONS
RECONSTRUCTION AND INTERPRETATION
BY
TEUN TIELEMAN
' 6 S ^
BRILL
LEIDEN · BOSTON
2003
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Tieleman, Teun.
Chrysippus' On affections : reconstruction and interpretation / by Teun Tieleman.
p. cm. — (Philosophia antiqua, ISSN 0079-1687 ; v. 94)
Includes bibliographical references and indexes.
ISBN 90-04-12998-7
1. Chrysippus, ca. 280-207 or 6 B.C. On affections. 2. Stoics. 3. Emotions (Philosophy)
I. Title. II. Series.
B541.0538 2003
128'.37-dc21
2003040330
ISSN 0079-1687
ISBN 90 04 12998 7
© Copyright 2003 by Kortinklijke Brill NV, Leiden, The Netherlands
Cover illustration: Alje Olthof
Cover design: Cédilles/Studio Cursief, Amsterdam
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Preface ix
Abbreviations — Notice to the Reader xi
General Introduction 1
1. Chrysippus' On Affections and How Von Arnim Dealt
with It 1
2. Aims and Methods. Other Studies 4
3. Chrysippus' On the Soul: Looking Back on an Earlier
Study 12
4. Pathos: A Terminological Note 15
Chapter One PHP books 4 and 5: Aims and Methods 17
1.1. Preamble 17
1.2. Theme 19
1.3. Options 34
1.4. Authority Tradition Truth 39
1.5. Galen the Commentator 46
1.6. Galen's Working Method: The Selection of Texts 51
1.7. Conclusion 58
Chapter Two Doxography 61
2.1. Galen and the Planta 61
2.2. Ps. Plutarch and Theodoret 65
2.3. Tertullian 66
2.4. Ps. Galen 70
2.5. Nemesius 72
2.6. Plutarch 76
2.7. Porphyry 78
2.8. Conclusion: Galen Again 80
Chapter Three Chrysippus' On Affections: The Theoretical
Books (I-II) 89
3.1. Number of Books, Length and Contents 89
3.2. Zeno's Definitions of Affection 94
3.3. The Causes of Affection 102
3.4. The Four Generic Affections 114
3.5. Book 2: Problems Concerning Affections 122
3.6. The Origins of Evil 132
Chapter Four The Therapeutics (Book IV) 140
4.1. Title, Subject-matter, Audience 140
4.2. The Medical Analogy 142
4.3. The Roots of Affection 157
4.4. Regimen 162
4.5. Emotional Opponents 166
4.6. Turning One's Back on Reason 170
4.7. Madness and Mental Blindness 178
4.8. The Medical Backdrop: Hippocratic and Other
Writings 190
4.9. Conclusion 196
Chapter Five Posidonian Puzzles 198
5.1. Introduction 198
5.2. Did Posidonius Speak of Psychic Powers? 202
5.3. The'Ancient Account' 206
5.4. Children and Other Animals 220
5.5. Posidonius on the Causes of Affection 231
5.6. Intermezzo: Diogenes of Babylon and Panaetius 242
5.7. Posidonius and Chrysippus' apcmai 250
5.8. Cleanthes' Dialogue between Reason and Anger 264
5.9. Two Further Witnesses: Seneca and ps. Plutarch 277
5.10. Conclusion 284
Chapter Six Cicero on Affections 288
6.1. Preamble 288
6.2. Tusculan Disputations Books 3 and 4: Overview 290
6.3. Cicero's logika (4.11-33) 296
6.4. What does Cicero add? 304
6.5. Chrysippean Reflections in Other Sections of
Book 4 305
6.6. The Third Tusculan 309
6.7. Conclusion 317
General Conclusion 321
Appendix: Overview of the Evidence 325
Bibliography 327
Index Locorum Potiorum 340
Index Nominum et Rerum 345

PREFACE
The writing of this book has taken me longer than I and, I fear,
others had anticipated. In the process I have incurred debts of
gratitude to several institutions and persons. The foundations were
laid while I held a research fellowship of the Royal Dutch Academy of
Arts and Sciences (1993-6) at Utrecht University. During Lent Term
of the course 1993-4, I had the honour of working at the Faculty of
Classics in Cambridge University. In Cambridge I enjoyed the
hospitality of Professor Malcolm Schofield at St John's College. A
period of teaching Classics at Lauwers College, Buitenpost (Fries-
land) followed, during which the work came to an almost complete
halt. It was given new impetus by a sabbatical leave spent at the
Netherlands Institute for Advanced Study in the Humanities and
Social Sciences (NIAS) at Wassenaar, the Netherlands (2000-1). I
want to record my gratitude to NIAS, the Dutch Organization for
Scientific Research (NWO) as well as the Board of Lauwers College
for facilitating this invaluable period of reflection and writing. In the
years I worked on this book I also profited from the expert assistance
of Luc de Vries and Amarens Hibma in the best classical library of the
Netherlands, the Buma Bibliotheek in Leeuwarden.
An embryonic version of Chapter 4 was delivered at the IX^™
Colloque Hippoaratique International (Pisa, September 1996) and subse-
quently published in its proceedings (= Tieleman 1999, see Biblio-
graphy). Some of my ideas on Zeno of Citium and psychological
monism received a preliminary airing at the International Zeno Con-
ference, Larnaca Cyprus 9-11 September 1998 (see Tieleman, forth-
coming 1 ). An ancestor of Chapter 1 will appear in the proceedings of
the VII Jornadas Internacionales, Estudios actuates sobre textos grìegos:
Galeno, composiciôn literarìa y estilo (Madrid, Octobre 1999; see Tiele-
man, forthcoming 2). In recent years I discussed other aspects of this
book before audiences in Wassenaar, Leiden and Utrecht.
The past years have not always been the easiest, both privately and
professionally. For the successful outcome of this project it was essen-
tial to have friends and colleagues around who kept their faith in it
and actively helped create the circumstances which rendered comple-
tion possible. Among them, Jaap Mansfeld played a crucial role both