Chronic illness in Canada: impact and intervention PDF
Preview Chronic illness in Canada: impact and intervention
CHRONIC ILLNESS IN CANADA IMPACT AND INTERVENTION Edited By Marnie L. Kramer-Kile, MEd, BScN, RN Assistant Professor School of Nursing Mount Royal University Calgary, Alberta Joseph C. Osuji, PhD, RN Associate Professor School of Nursing Mount Royal University Calgary, Alberta 81944_FMxx_ttlpgEDITED.indd 1 8/10/12 1:24 PM World Headquarters Jones & Bartlett Learning 5 Wall Street Burlington, MA 01803 978-443-5000 [email protected] www.jblearning.com Jones & Bartlett Learning books and products are available through most bookstores and online booksellers. To contact Jones & Bartlett Learning directly, call 800-832-0034, fax 978-443-8000, or visit our website, www.jblearning.com. Substantial discounts on bulk quantities of Jones & Bartlett Learning publications are available to corporations, professional associations, and other qualified organizations. 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Drugs and medical devices are discussed that may have limited availability controlled by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use only in a research study or clinical trial. Research, clinical practice, and government regulations often change the accepted standard in this field. When consideration is being given to use of any drug in the clinical setting, the health care provider or reader is responsible for determining FDA status of the drug, reading the package insert, and reviewing prescribing information for the most up-to-date recommendations on dose, precautions, and contraindications, and determining the appropriate usage for the product. This is especially important in the case of drugs that are new or seldom used. Production Credits Publisher: Kevin Sullivan Composition: Paw Print Media Acquisitions Editor: Amanda Harvey Cover Design: Kristin E. Parker Editorial Assistant: Sara Bempkins Cover Image: © Laurin Rinder/ShutterStock, Inc. Production Editor: Amanda Clerkin Printing and Binding: Edwards Brothers Malloy Senior Marketing Manager: Elena McAnespie Cover Printing: Edwards Brothers Malloy V.P., Manufacturing and Inventory Control: Therese Connell To order this product, use ISBN: 978-1-4496-8744-1 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Chronic illness in Canada: impact and intervention / Marnie Kramer-Kile ... [et al.]. p. ; cm. Adaptation of: Chronic illness : impact and interventions / edited by Ilene Morof Lubkin, Pamala D. Larsen. 8th ed. c2013. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-4496-8194-4 -- ISBN 1-4496-8194-8 I. Kramer-Kile, Marnie. II. Chronic illness. [DNLM: 1. Chronic Disease--Canada. 2. Health Services for the Aged--Canada. 3. Long-Term Care--Canada. WT 500] 616’.0478--dc23 2012016801 6048 Printed in the United States of America 16 15 14 13 12 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 To our families and children, Chad, Ava, and Maya and Genevieve, Angel, Joy, Excell, Noble, and Bliss Contents Acknowledgments xv Preface xvii Contributors xix Part I Impact of Disease 1 1 Introduction to Chronicity in Canada 3 Original chapter by Pamala D. Larsen Canadian content added by Joyce K. Engel and Dawn Prentice Introduction 3 Impact of Chronic Illness 7 Context for Chronic Care in Canada 8 Interventions 19 Going Forward: The Future of Chronic Care in Canada 23 Summary 24 Study Questions 25 References 25 2 Models of Care 29 Original chapter by Pamala D. Larsen Canadian content added by Marnie L. Kramer-Kile Introduction 29 Historical Perspectives 29 Chronic Care Model 30 Expanded Chronic Care Model 32 Guided Care 33 Self-Management Programs 36 vi Contents Transitional Care 39 Online Disease Management 41 Telehealth 41 Outcomes 42 Study Questions 42 Internet Resources 42 References 42 3 The Illness Experience 45 Original chapter by Pamala D. Larsen Canadian content added by Marnie L. Kramer-Kile Introduction 45 Sick Role 46 Illness Perceptions 47 Influences on Illness Behavior 50 Impact and Issues Related to Illness Behaviour 52 The Illness Experience and Subsequent Behaviour 53 Legitimization of Chronic Illness 55 Interventions 58 Summary 64 Study Questions 64 References 65 4 Stigma 69 Original chapter by Diane L. Stuenkel and Vivian K. Wong Canadian content added by Marnie L. Kramer-Kile Introduction 69 Theoretical Frameworks: Stigma, Social Identity, and Labelling Theory 70 Unique Aspects of Stigma 72 Types of Stigma 74 Chronic Disease as Stigma 76 Impact of Stigma 77 Individual Living with Stigma 77 Interventions: Coping with Stigma or Reducing Stigma 83 Summary 92 Internet Resources 93 Study Questions 93 References 94 Contents vii 5 Adaptation 99 Original Chapter by Pamala D. Larsen and Faye I. Hummel Canadian content added by Joseph C. Osuji Introduction 99 Impact 100 The Self in Chronic Illness 102 Models 103 Overview of Coping 110 Summary 116 Study Questions 117 References 117 6 Social Isolation 121 Original chapter by Diana Luskin Biordi and Nicholas R. Nicholson Canadian content added by Joseph C. Osuji Introduction 121 Isolation: A Working Definition 121 Nature of Isolation 122 Feelings That Reflect Isolation 123 Description and Characteristics of Social Isolation 123 Social Isolation Versus Similar States of Human Apartness 123 Problems and Issues of Social Isolation 124 The Isolation Process 125 Social Isolation and Stigma 125 Social Isolation and Social Roles 126 Older Adults and Social Isolation 127 Social Isolation, Culture, and Gender 130 Social Components of Social Isolation 131 Demographics and Social Isolation 132 Illness Factors and Social Isolation 134 Healthcare Perspectives 135 Interventions: Counteracting Social Isolation 137 Support Groups and Other Mutual Aid 142 Spiritual Well-Being 142 Rebuilding Family Networks 143 Summary 148 Study Questions 148 References 149 viii Contents 7 Body Image 157 Original chapter by Diana Luskin Biordi and Patricia McCann Galon Canadian content added by Joseph C. Osuji Introduction 157 Definitions of Body Image 158 Historical Foundations of Body Image 160 Factors in the Definition of Body Image 161 Factors Influencing Adjustment to Body Image 162 Assessment of Body Image 168 Body Image Issues Important to Chronic Illness 170 Interventions 174 Summary 178 Study Questions 179 Internet Resources 179 References 179 8 Quality of Life 183 Original chapter by Victoria Schirm Canadian content added by Marnie L. Kramer-Kile Introduction 183 Defining Quality of Life 184 Conceptualizing and Measuring Quality of Life 185 Context of Quality of Life in Chronic Illness 189 Evidence-Informed Guidelines 192 Evidence-Informed Interventions to Promote Quality of Life 192 Overview of Nursing 196 Summary 202 Study Questions 203 Internet Resources 204 References 204 9 Uncertainty 207 Original chapter by Faye I. Hummel Introduction 207 Nature of Uncertainty 207 Uncertainty in Chronic Illness Is Certain 208 Contents ix Uncertainty and Social Networks 210 Sources of Uncertainty 211 Theoretical Underpinnings of Uncertainty 212 Uncertainty as Opportunity 214 Uncertainty as Harm 215 Interventions 218 Summary 223 Study Questions 224 References 224 Part II Impact on the Client and Family 229 10 Sexuality 231 Original chapter by Margaret Chamberlain Wilmoth Canadian content added by Joseph C. Osuji Introduction 231 Definitions 231 Standards of Practice 232 Sexual Response Cycle and Sexual Physiology 234 Sexuality and Chronic Illness 236 Interventions 249 Summary 252 Study Questions 252 References 253 11 Powerlessness 257 Original chapter by Faye I. Hummel Canadian content added by Joseph C. Osuji Introduction 257 Phenomenon of Powerlessness in Chronic Illness 258 Paradox of Powerlessness in Chronic Illness 260 Theoretical Perspectives of Powerlessness and Power 261 Problems and Issues Associated with Powerlessness 264 Interventions 270 Summary 278 Study Questions 280 References 280 x Contents 12 Self-Care and Self-Management 285 Original chapter by Judith E. Hertz Canadian content added by Marnie L. Kramer-Kile Introduction 285 Key Issues and Frameworks for Viewing Self-Care Within Chronic Illness 286 Strategies to Support Self-Management in Chronic Conditions 296 Self-Management Programmes 299 Outcomes 302 Summary 303 Study Questions 303 Internet Resources 303 References 304 13 Client and Family Education 307 Original chapter by Elaine T. Miller Canadian content added by Joseph C. Osuji Introduction 307 Teaching–Learning Process 308 Significance of Client and Family Teaching to Practice and Healthcare Costs 311 System Factors That Influence the Teaching and Learning Process 320 Educational Interventions for the Client and Family 325 Summary 330 Study Questions 331 References 332 14 Chronic Illness and the Family 335 Christina H. West and Linda L. Binding Introduction 335 Understanding the Complex Interaction Between Chronic Illness and Family Life Cycle Development 336 Chronic Illness and Family Caregiving: An Experience Marked by Complexity, Uncertainty, and Ongoing Change 349 Intervention with the Family in the Context of Chronic Illness 358 Summary 364 Acknowledgement 365 References 365
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