Christianity in Latin America and the Caribbean PDF
Preview Christianity in Latin America and the Caribbean
EDINBURGH COMPANIONS TO GLOBAL CHRISTIANITY Edinburgh Companions to Global Christianity Series Editors: Kenneth R. Ross and Todd M. Johnson This series of reference volumes comprehensively maps worldwide Christianity, describing it in its entirety. It covers every continent and offers country-specific studies as well as examining regional CHRISTIANITY IN and continental trends. Through a combination of maps, tables, charts and graphs a full demographic analysis is provided, while original essays explore key topics and trends. TAE ond LATIN AMERICA ‘This significant volume is a definitive contribution to Oceanic Christian self- dait understanding. It is impressive in both its scope and its fine-grained attention to the d M Maed b .ry nanuaalnycseiss panrodv didivees ras iltoiecsa ol fv oPiaccei,fi rce nbdeleireifn agn idt apnra acctcicees.s iSbelne saitnivde vlya lfuraabmlee dr ecgriiotincaall ainnsdid er Johia BKe AND THE CARIBBEAN nin sdn global resource.’ onegaeth Associate Professor Hugh Morrison, University of Otago, New Zealand in R a . Combines empirical data and original analysis in a uniquely nd R o s s detailed account of Christianity in Oceania , This comprehensive reference volume covers every country in Oceania, offering reliable C demographic information and original interpretative essays by Indigenous scholars and H practitioners. It maps patterns of growth and decline, assesses major traditions and movements, analyses key themes and examines current trends. R T I Key Features AS H • Profiles of Christianity in every country in Oceania including clearly presented statistical MT and demographic information E I • Analyses of leading features and current trends written by Indigenous scholars EA C • Essays examining each of the major Christian traditions (Anglicans, Independents, RN Orthodox, Protestants, Catholics, Evangelicals, Pentecostals/Charismatics) as they are A I finding expression in Oceania I RC T • Essays exploring the direction of Christian faith in Oceania in relation to such key themes IA as faith and culture, worship and spirituality, theology, social and political engagement, Y B mission and evangelism, religious freedom, gender, inter-faith relations, integrity of BA creation, Indigenous spirituality, and migration and diaspora I N EN Kenneth R. Ross is a Professor of Theology at Zomba Theological College, Malawi, A Theological Educator (Africa) with the Church of Scotland and Associate Minister at Bemvu DL N Parish, Church of Central Africa Presbyterian. A Katalina Tahaafe-Williams is an Oceanian theologian with extensive involvement in the T world church and ecumenical movement, currently serving as a parish minister in the Uniting I Church of Australia. N Todd M. Johnson is Eva B. and Paul E. Toms Distinguished Professor of Mission and Global Christianity at Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary, South Hamilton, MA, USA. Edited by Cover image: Photograph of an original painting titled ‘Misi tala ua’ by Lingikoni Vaka‘uta and reproduced here by kind permission of the artist. Lingikoni Vaka‘uta is a Tongan painter who draws inspiration from the traditional culture of his homeland. Cover design: Stuart Dalziel and Paul Smith Kenneth R. Ross, Ana María Bidegain Todd M. Johnson and 22991122 eeuupp eeuupp RRoossss eett aall..iinndddd 11 1144//0066//22002211 1166::3366 Christianity in Latin America and the Caribbean Editorial Team Editors Kenneth R. Ross Ana María Bidegain Todd M. Johnson Associate Editors Gremaud Angée Albert W. Hickman Managing Editor Alejandra Fontecha Editorial Advisory Board Raimundo C. Barreto Roderick R. Hewitt Laënnec Hurbon Fortunato Mallimaci Yves Bernardo Roger Solis Nicot Rubén Tito Paredes Catalina Romero-Cevallos Demographic Profile Editor: Gina A. Zurlo Data Analyst: Peter F. Crossing Layout and Design: Justin Long Cartography: Bryan Nicholson EDINBURGH COMPANIONS TO GLOBAL CHRISTIANITY Christianity in Latin America and the Caribbean Edited by Kenneth R. Ross, Ana María Bidegain and Todd M. Johnson Edinburgh University Press is one of the leading university presses in the UK. We publish academic books and journals in our selected subject areas across the humanities and social sciences, combining cutting-edge scholarship with high editorial and production values to produce academic works of lasting importance. For more information visit our website: edinburghuniversitypress.com © editorial matter and organisation Kenneth R. Ross, Ana María Bidegain and Todd M. Johnson, 2022 © the chapters their several authors, 2022 The front cover features a photograph of a mural titled ‘Sagrada Familia Emigrante’ (the Holy Family as Emigrants), which is found in the parish church of Saint Joseph in Cochabamba, Bolivia, where it was painted in 2002 by Mino Cerezo Barredo, who has kindly given his permission for its reproduction here. Cover design: Stuart Dalziel and Paul Smith Edinburgh University Press Ltd The Tun – Holyrood Road 12 (2f) Jackson’s Entry Edinburgh EH8 8PJ Typeset in Palatino and Myriad by R. J. Footring Ltd, Derby, UK, and printed and bound in Poland by Hussar Books A CIP record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 978 1 4744 9214 0 (hardback) ISBN 978 1 4744 9216 4 (webready PDF) ISBN 978 1 4744 9217 1 (epub) The rights of Kenneth R. Ross, Ana María Bidegain and Todd M. Johnson to be identified as the editors and the contributors to be identified as the authors of this work have been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patent Act 1988, and the Copyright and Related Rights Regulations 2003 (SI No. 2498). Contents Series Preface ix Volume Preface xi Contributors xv Introduction A Demographic Profile of Christianity in Latin America and the Caribbean 3 Gina A. Zurlo Christianity in Latin America and the Caribbean 17 Ana María Bidegain Countries Chile 37 Cristián G. Parker Argentina 49 Fortunato Mallimaci The Falkland Islands 63 Kenneth R. Ross Uruguay 65 Carolina Greising Paraguay 72 Ignacio Telesca and Magdalena López Bolivia 80 Luz Jiménez Quispe Brazil 91 Raimundo C. Barreto Peru 111 Catalina Romero-Cevallos Ecuador 122 Eloy Nolivos vi Contents Colombia 129 William Elvis Plata Venezuela 140 Matilde Moros and Gremaud Angée Suriname 147 Franklin Jabini Panama 151 Claire Nevache Costa Rica 154 Miguel Picado Gatjens El Salvador, Honduras and Nicaragua 160 Luis Eduardo Aguilar Vásquez Guatemala 167 Santiago Otero fms and Claudia Dary Mexico 177 Yves Bernardo Roger Solis Nicot and Hugo Garibay Rodriguez Cuba 195 Petra Kuivala Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Dominica, Grenada, Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Guyana, Anguilla, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Montserrat, Turks and Caicos Islands, Trinidad and Tobago 203 Roderick R. Hewitt Haiti 217 Laënnec Hurbon Dominican Republic 221 Antonio Lluberes sj Curaçao, Aruba, Bonaire, Sint Maarten, Sint Eustatius and Saba 227 Joyce Overdijk-Francis Puerto Rico and the United States Virgin Islands 237 Samuel Arroyo Guadeloupe, Martinique, Saint Martin, Saint Barthélemy and French Guiana 244 Laënnec Hurbon Contents vii Major Christian Traditions Anglicans 253 Joanildo Burity Independents 262 William Mauricio Beltrán Orthodox 275 Austreberto Martínez Villegas Protestants 285 Pablo Moreno Catholics 298 Susana Nuin and Gremaud Angée Evangelicals 311 Darío López Rodríguez Pentecostals/Charismatics 322 Nicolas Iglesias Schneider Key Themes Faith and Culture 337 Renée de la Torre Worship and Spirituality 347 Cláudio Carvalhaes Theology 360 Néstor O. Míguez Social and Political Context 372 Bibiana Ortega Mission and Evangelism 384 Luís Wesley de Souza Gender 397 Ana Lourdes Suárez Religious Freedom 408 Néstor Da Costa and Ana María Bidegain Inter-religious Relations 418 Alejandro E. Williams-Becker Martyrdom and Persecution 430 Fernando Torres Millán and Álvaro Frías Cruz viii Contents Migration 441 Ernesto Fiocchetto Afro-descendant Populations 453 Laënnec Hurbon Indigenous Populations 464 Sofía Chipana Quispe Conclusion The Future of Christianity in Latin America and the Caribbean 477 Ana María Bidegain Appendices Christianity by Country 493 Methodology and Sources of Christian and Religious Affiliation 505 Todd M. Johnson and Gina A. Zurlo Index 523 Series Preface While a number of compendia have recently been produced on the study of worldwide Christianity, the distinctive quality of this series arises from its examination of global Christianity through a combination of reliable demographic information and original interpretative essays by local scholars and practitioners. This approach was successfully pioneered by the Atlas of Global Christianity 1910–2010, published by Edinburgh University Press on the occasion of the centenary of the epoch-making Edinburgh 1910 World Missionary Conference. Using the same methodology, the Edinburgh Companions to Global Christianity take the analysis to a deeper level of detail and explore the context of the twenty-first century. The series considers the presence of Christianity on a continent-by-continent basis worldwide. Covering every country in the world, it maps patterns of growth and/or decline and examines current trends. The aim of the series is to comprehensively map worldwide Christianity and to describe it in its entirety. Country-specific studies are offered, all the major Christian traditions are analysed and current regional and continental trends are examined. Each volume is devoted to a continent or sub-continent, following the United Nations classifications. Through a combination of maps, tables, charts and graphs, each of the successive volumes presents a com- prehensive demographic analysis of Christianity in the relevant area. Commentary and interpretation are provided by essays on key topics, each written by an expert in the field, normally an indigenous scholar. By the use of these various tools each volume provides an accurate, objective and incisive analysis of the presence of Christian faith in the relevant area. The volumes (published and projected) in the series are: 1. Christianity in Sub-Saharan Africa (published 2017) 2. Christianity in North Africa and West Asia (published 2018) 3. Christianity in South and Central Asia (published 2019) 4. Christianity in East and Southeast Asia (published 2020) 5. Christianity in Oceania (published 2021) 6. Christianity in Latin America and the Caribbean 7. Christianity in North America 8. Christianity in Western and Northern Europe
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