Chirostylid and galatheid crustacean associates of coelenterates and echinoderms collected from the Johnson-Sea-Link Submersible, including a new species of Gastroptychus

10 Pages·1991·4.8 MB·English

by  A L Rice

PROC. BIOL. SOC. WASH.
104(2), 1991, pp. 299-308
CHIROSTYLID AND GALATHEID CRUSTACEAN
ASSOCIATES OF COELENTERATES AND
ECHINODERMS COLLECTED FROM THE
JOHNSON-SEA-LINK SUBMERSIBLE,
INCLUDING A NEW SPECIES OF GASTROPTYCHUS
A. L. Rice and J. E. Miller
Abstract.—A. new species ofchirostylid decapod crustacean, Gastroptychus
Salvador!, isdescribedfromaspecimencollectedinassociationwithabrisingid
starfish by submersible offthe Bahamas. A number ofother chirostylids and
galatheids, collected together with their echinoderm associates in the tropical
andsub-tropicalwesternAtlantic, arealsoreported. Someoftheseassociations
were previously unsuspected. The collections suggest that at least some ofthe
decapods live together as mated pairs on their hosts.
Traditional benthic sampling gears such landsofBarbadosand St. Vincent. Material
as trawls and dredges disrupt any but the described herein has been deposited at the
most robust associations between different National Museum of Natural History,
animal species. Nevertheless, there are nu- Smithsonian Institution (USNM) and the
merous reports in the literature of behav- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Museum
ioural associations between decapod crus- (HBOM).
taceans and other benthic organisms,
particularlycoelenterates,spongesandechi-
Family Chirostylidae
noderms. Moreover, evidence for such as-
Gastroptychus Salvador! new species
sociations has been found even in the fossil ,
record (Bishop & Portell 1989). Most of Figs. lA-D; 2B, D, F
—
these records are from relatively shallow Material. 1 ovig. female (holotype
regions,buttheuseofmannedsubmersibles USNM 239278)JSL-I-2264, off San Sal-
permits observations of such associations vador Island, Bahamas, 24°03.6rN,
to be extended to deeper waters, and par- 74°33.37'W, 13 Sep 1988, 874 m, associ-
ticularlytoareaswheretheuseofmorecon- ated with the brisingid starfish Novodinia
ventionalsamplingtechniquesisprecluded. antillensis (A. H. Clark).
Observations, photographs and collections Description. (Figs. 1, 2)—Carapacelength
made from the Johnson-Sea-Link (JSL) excludingrostrum slightly more than great-
submersibles (Harbor Branch Oceano- est breadth. Branchial regions inflated so
graphic Institution, Inc.) inthe tropical and that carapace narrows both anteriorly and
sub-tropical western Atlantic during recent posteriorly. Rostrum slender, upturned,
years have already provided data on asso- more than '/s length of remainder of cara-
ciations between pontoniine shrimps and pace.
deep sea echinoids (Bruce 1986a, 1986b; Linea anomurica distinct, almost straight;
Berggren&Svane 1989). Thispaperreports beneathitcarapaceflanksmoreorlesseven-
a small collection ofgalatheoid crustaceans ly covered with small spines except for a
secured along with their associates during small, naked, depressed area immediately
these and other dives offthe Caribbean is- above insertion ofcheliped.
300 PROCEEDINGSOFTHEBIOLOGICALSOCIETYOFWASHINGTON
Above linea anomurica carapace surface indentation. Telson and uropods folded
coveredwithclose-setspines,ofwhichabout tightly beneath sixth abdominal somite.
45 significantly enlarged; spination partic- Sternumnarrowedanteriorly.Smallplates
ularlydenseincardiacandbranchialregions. at base of third maxillipeds each carry a
Regions of carapace rather clearly de- single spine; kite-shaped plates between
marcatedbygrooves,carryingthefollowing chelipedseachbear2prominentacutespines
complement ofenlarged spines; gastric re- anteriorly and about 9 smallerones; sternal
gion with 3 unpaired and about 6 paired platesbetweensecondpairoflegswithblunt
spines;small,triangularanterolateralregions tubercles, those between third and fourth
each with 1 spine; hepatic regions with 1 legs unarmed. Stemite of fifth legs atro-
spine; epibranchial regions with 2 large phied.
spines;metagastricregionwith 1 pairoflarge When extended, antennular peduncle
spines and about 5 intermediate spines; over-reachesrostrumbylengthofthirdseg-
branchial regions each with row of 4 or 5 ment; basal segment with blunt outer lobe
moderately enlarged spines and additional armed with setae but no spines.
large spine near mid-line; small, median, Antennal peduncle short, extending just
posterior, triangular "cardiac" region with beyond eye; basal segment with short outer
pairofenlargedspines. Rowofcurved, dor- spine; terminal peduncular segment with
sally directed spines along posterior cara- slender distoventral spine.
pace border which also carries about 10 Coxa of third maxilliped with strong,
smallspinesdirectedposteriorlyandclearly curved spine on lower external angle; basis
visible in dorsal view. with short spine on inner distal margin; is-
Abdominal tergites covered with close- chiumwithrow of1 1-12 subequalteeth on
setsetae, muchmoreabundantthanoncar- innermargin; meruswithveryshort, slight-
apace. First abdominal tergite narrow; pos- lyhookedspineon outerdistalmargin; car-
terior margin a raised, rounded ridge car- pus with blunt projection basally on outer
rying about 30 short spines and ending in margin; propodusanddactylwithoutspines.
two stout, spine-like processes representing Chelipedsandambulatorylegslong, slen-
reduced pleura. Pleura ofsomites 2-5 well- der, very spinous; propodus, carpus, merus
developed, those ofsomite 2 being acutely and ischium each with 6 longitudinal rows
tipped, with concave anterior margin, re- of principal spines and several subsidiary
mainder becoming successively more rows ofsmaller spines.
rounded posteriorly. Second tergite with Chelipeds about 6 times as long as cara-
raised transverse ridge anteriorly, inter- pace and rostrum. Basis with single strong
ruptedin mid-line andcarryingspines sim- ventrodistal spine. Dactyl more than Vs
ilar to those on first tergite; this spination lengthofpropodus,bitingedgecarryinglarge
continuedontopleura, butbecomingsparse proximal truncated spine with denticulate
towards tip. Third, fourth and fifth tergites summit closing between two similar spines
with no significant spines, pleura all carry- onpropodus; otherwisebitingedgesofboth
inglow, bluntspinesbecomingmoreprom- propodus and dactyl armed with series of
inent posteriorly. Sixth tergite and pleura smallspineswhichareparticularlyclose-set
with numerous short spines, generally be- distally, beyond gape.
coming more prominent posteriorly and Legs 2-4 subequal, reaching about %
about9 projectingfromposteriormargin of lengthofcarpusofchelipeds. Ratioofdactyl
tergite. Telson membranous, carrying setae length to propodus length decreasing from
but no spines, consisting of2 small proxi- ca. 0.3 in leg 2 to ca. 0.2 in leg 4; ratio of
maland2largerdistalroundedlobessothat propoduslength to carpuslength increasing
posteriortelson marginhasshallowmedian fromca. 1.2inleg2toca. 1.33 inleg4. Dae-
VOLUME 104, NUMBER2 301
,^/!^-^M^/4^yt
-<-• ; /,,',-r ''f
Fig. 1. Gastroptychiissalvadori, newspecies. Holotype: A, dorsal viewofcarapaceandfirsttwoabdmomminal
tergites; B, lateral view; C, sternal plates; D, dorsal view ofsixth abdominal somite. Scale equals 10 (A,
mm
B), and 5 (C, D).
tyls each with single row of 8 or 9 ventral Abdomen of holotype female carrying
mm
spinesregularlyincreasinginlengthdistally. about 50 eggs, 1.5-2.2 in diameter.
Propodus of each leg with 6 longitudinal Measurements of holotype. —Carapace
mm
spinerowsofwhichonlytheventralextends length 22.6 (including rostrum), 17.5
alongwholelengthofsegment: ventralrows mm (excluding rostrum), maximum cara-
with 20-23 spines, including distal pairbe- pace width 15.9 mm, total length of che-
tween which dactyl bites; dorsal rows with lipedsca. 135 m,leftdactyllength 17.7 mm,
20-23 spines; ventro-lateral and ventro- left propodus length 45.6 mm.
mesial rowswith 9-14 spines; dorso-lateral Color.—Inlifetheholotypewasgenerally
and dorso-mesial rows with 18-21 spines. orange-red, with starkly contrasting white
Coxo-basaljoints each with prominent dis- patches, particularly on the carapace and
tal and proximal ventral spines and several abdomen. Theorangecolorationonthe legs
smaller spines. was most intense on and at the bases ofthe
Fifthlegsgreatlyreduced,withoutspines; main spinerows, with ratherpalerareas be-
dactyl,propodusandcarpuswithlongsetae. tween the rows, giving the general impres-
Chelate,withdactylabout %lengthofprop- sion oflongitudinal stripes along the limbs.
odus. On the carapace the colorwas most intense
302 PROCEEDINGSOFTHEBIOLOGICALSOCIETYOFWASHINGTON
Fig. 2. Comparison ofa specimen ofGastroptychusformosus(Filhol, 1885) (A, C, E) with the holotype of
G.salvadorinewspecies(B,D,F).A,Bdorsalview;C,Ddorsalview;E,Flateralview.A,C,E:female(carapace
lengthincludingrostrum,20mm)collectedoffnorth-westSpain,42°15'N, 11°22'W,DiscoveryStn.9042, 1541-
1662 m, DiscoveryCollections, InstituteofOceanographicSciencesDeaconLaboratory,Wormley, U.K.
on the anterior halfofthe rostrum, on the regions, and along the posterior carapace
gastric and hepatic regions and on the car- margin. The anterior part ofeach abdomi-
diac region. The coloration was much less nal tergite was also white.
intense onthebranchialregions, while pure Remarks.—T\iQ chirostylid species tra-
white areas were present at the base ofthe ditionally placed in the genus Chirostylus
rostrum, across the frontal region, on the Ortmann, 1892(e.g..VanDam 1933,Chace
antero-lateral regions, across the region of 1942) were separated into two genera by
the cervical groove and the epibranchial Miyake&Baba(1968);threespecieslacking
VOLUME NUMBER
104, 2 303
Table 1.—ComparisonofGastroptychussalvadori, new species, with Atlantic congeners.
G.spinifer G. affinis G.formosus G.salvadori
Carapace
Max. length 30+ mm 11 mm 25+ mm 23 mm
Spination dense sparse sparse dense
Enlargedspines ca. 20 <20 ca. 25 >40
Chelipeds
Total length 4.4-7.1 X CL 3.5-5.6 X CL 5-6 X CL ca. 6 X CL
MerusL/W ratio 7 7 ca. 21 ca. 14
Dactyl/propoduslength ? 7 ca. 0.3 ca. 0.4
Abdominal tergites
1 unarmed unarmed ca. 10 spines >20 spines
2 unarmed unarmed ca. 15 spines >25 spines
3 unarmed unarmed ca. 10 spines ca. 10 spines
4 unarmed unarmed ca. 10 spines ca. 50 spines
Sternalplates 1-2 large spines 1 large spine 2-3 large spines 2 large + ca. 10
small spines
3rd maxillipeds
Merusouterspine prominent prominent prominent very small
Carpusouterspine prominent prominent prominent absent
adistinctrostrumwereretainedinthegenus inG. affinisand G.spinifer. Moreover,while
Chirostylus, while those species with a dis- G. affinis and G. spinifer both have a row
tinct spiniform rostrum were transferred to ofenlarged spines alongthe mid-dorsal line
thegenus GastroptychusCaullery, 1896. The ofthe carapace, such a median row is not a
latter genus, as it is now constituted (Baba featureofeitherG.formosusorG. salvadori.
1988, Baba & Haig 1990), contains 17 spe- G. salvadori differs from G. formosus in
cies, three of which are reported from the having rather more robust chelipeds and in
Atlantic: G. spinifer(Milne Edwards, 1880) beinggenerallymuch more spinous(Fig. 2).
and G. affinis(Chace, 1942)beingrestricted Thus, the dorsal and lateral surfaces ofthe
to the West Indian region (Chace 1942, carapace in G. salvadori are everywhere
Springer & Bullis 1956), while G.formosus coveredwithratherclose-setspinesofwhich
(Filhol, 1885) is reported from the Eastern about 40 are significantly enlarged; in G.
Atlantic in the Bay of Biscay and off the formosus only about 25 of the carapace
coast of Ireland and the Canaries (Selbie spines are significantly enlarged, while the
1914). These species can be distinguished smaller subsidiary spines are sparse on the
from one another, and from G. salvadori, branchial region and virtually absent from
by a combination ofoverall size, spination thegastric, hepaticandepibranchialregions.
of the carapace, abdominal tergites, ster- Similarly,whilethefirstandsecondabdom-
num andthird maxillipeds, and the relative inal tergites in both G. salvadori and G.for-
length and robustness ofthe chelipeds (Ta- mosus each carry a transverse irregular se-
ble 1). ries of spines, these are much smaller and
Of the three previously described Gas- morenumerousin G. salvadori. The pleural
troptychusspecies, G. salvadoriismost sim- plates of the third to sixth abdominal so-
ilartoG.formosus, bothspecieshavingsome mites are armed with a series ofspines, be-
oftheabdominaltergitesarmedwithspines, comingmorepronouncedposteriorlyinboth
whereas these tergites are totally unarmed species; again, these are much smaller, but
304 PROCEEDINGSOFTHEBIOLOGICALSOCIETYOFWASHINGTON
more abundant in G. salvadori than in G. starklywiththeverypale,almostwhite,col-
formosus. The only exception is the tergite orationofthecoral. Thiscolormatch, along
ofthe fifth abdominal somite which carries with the spinous morphology and the cu-
4pairsofprominentspinesclosetothemid- rious behaviour ofthe chirostylid, suggests
line in G.formosus [not unarmed as Selbie that G. salvadori, and perhaps other Gas-
(1914:63) suggests], whereas this tergite is troptychus species, may live in close asso-
furnished only with setae in G. salvadori. ciationwithbrisingidsorsimilarorganisms.
The tergite of the sixth abdominal somite The abundant spination of the body, and
carriesabout 12largespinesin G.formosus, particularly the limbs, in the genera Chi-
including three on the posterior margin, rostylus and Gastroptychus, on the other
while this tergite in the holotype ofG. sal- hand, would seem to be disadvantageous if
vadoricarnQsabout50smallspines,ofwhich they lived on finely branching organisms
nine are ranged along the posterior margin. such as gorgonians. Such organisms are
The sternal plates between the chelipeds known to be frequented by relatively
are also quite different in the two species. smooth-bodiedchirostylidssuchas Uropty-
&
In both cases the anterior border, close to chus (e.g., Pequegnat Pequegnat 1970:
the insertion of the cheliped, carries two 161). However, an uncollected chirostylid
very prominent spines on each side. How- whichappearstobelongto G. salvadoriwas
ever, whereas in G. formosus there is an photographed from the Johnson-Sea-Link
additional large spine posteriorly near the on a species of the arborescent gorgonian
mid-line, this spine is replaced by a series genus Keratoisis (family Isididae) some 40
ofabout 10 smaller spines in G. salvadori. nautical miles east of Fort Pierce, Florida
Finally, themeralandcarpaljoints ofthe at a depth of731 m. Clearly, Gastroptychus
third maxillipeds each carry a prominent species also crawl over such branching or-
spine distally on the outermargin in G.for- ganisms, through the color match in this
mosus, as in G. spinifer and G. affinis, but case between the galatheid and the gorgo-
in G. salvadorithecarpusisunarmed, while nianwas much less close than that between
the merus has only an extremely small the holotype and the brisingid.
hooked spine in this position.
Etymology.—Named for the type locali-
Uroptychus capillatus Benedict, 1902
ty, San Salvador Island, Bahama Islands.
Habitat «o?^5.—When first sighted from Material. — 1 male, 1 ovig. female
the submersible, the chirostylid was shel- (USNM 252390), 1 male, 1 ovig. female
tering on the sediment surface at the base (HBOM 089:6819), JSL-I-2260, off Con-
ofa large mass ofthe oculinid coral, Mad- ception Island, Bahamas, 23°48.8'N,
repora Carolina (Pourtales). On the surface 75°08.1'W, 1 1 Sep 1988, 573 m; associated
of the coral there were a number of large with the comatulid crinoid Crinometra
(ca. 70 cm diameter) specimens ofthe bri- brevipinna (Pourtales) (see Discussion).
singid seastar Novodina antillensis, several Remarks.—U. capillatus has been re-
ofwhich were collected. As one ofthe bri- ported previously only twice in the litera-
singids was being lifted from the coral with ture, originally by Benedict (1902) from an
thesubmersible'smanipulatorarm,thechi- AlbatrossstationnearArrowsmith Bankoff
rostylid'leapt'ontothestarfishandwascol- theeastcoastofYucatan, andsubsequently
lected along with it. byChace(1942)fromanAtlantisstationoff
The general orange-red color ofthe chi- thenorthcoast ofCuba. Although Benedict
rostylid,tracesofwhichremainonthespine mentioned two specimens in his rather in-
tips in the preserved specimen, closely adequate original account, one of these
matchedthatofthebrisingidbutcontrasted seems to have disappeared by the 1940s
VOLUME NUMBER
104, 2 305
sinceChacerefersonlyto"Benedict'stype" dominalishas been reported from offCuba,
(a female in rather poor condition) in ad- St. Kitts and from the Straits ofFlorida at
dition to his own single specimen, an ovig- depths from 366 to 622 m (Chace 1942,
erous female, pointing out that both indi- Mayo 1974). Moreover, Mayoreportedthat
viduals lack chelipeds. The specimens oneofthe stationsatwhichM. abdominalis
reported here agree closely with Benedict's was collected was "characterized by sea ur-
type (USNM 20565) and, together with the chins," though she did not identify the spe-
type,willbeusedasthebasisforaredescrip- cies. Thus, although a behavioral associa-
C
tionofthespecies,includingthemale(Rice, tion between M. abdominalis and blakei
in prep.). has not been referred to previously, it may
The morphologically similar congener, be common, ifnot usual.
Uroptychus rugosus (A. Milne Edwards,
1880), also from the Caribbean region, is
Munidopsis alaminos
reported to live commensally with a cri- &
Pequegnat Pequegnat, 1970
noid, probablyStylometraspinifera(Chace, 3D
Fig.
1942).
— (HBOM
Material. 1 male, 1 ovig.female
089:06821), JSL-II-1735, offSpeightstown,
Family Galatheidae
Barbados, 13°14.9'N, 59°45.2'W, 19 Apr
Munidopsis abdominalis
1989, 722 m, associated with the holothu-
(A. Milne Edwards, 1880)
Fig. 3A, B, C rianMesothuriagargantua Diechmann(Fig.
3D).
Material.—1 male, 1 ovig. female(USNM Remarks.—Munidopsis alaminos is re-
m
239277), JSL-I-2269, off Crooked Island, corded atdepths rangingfrom about 500
m
Bahamas, 22°41.5'N, 74°20.8'W, 16 Sep to more than 800 in the western Atlantic
1988, 569 m, onaspecimenoftheechinoid and Caribbean region, from the coast of
Cidaris blakei (A. Agassiz) (see Fig. 3A). 1 FrenchGuianatothenorthernGulfofMex-
male (USNM 239273), JSL-I-2269, as ico (Pequegnat & Pequegnat 1970, 1971;
above, 543 m, on Cidaris blakei (Fig. 3B). Mayo 1974). It has not been previously re-
1 male (USNM 239276), JSL-II-1733, ported in association with any other organ-
off Bridgetown, Barbados, 13°00.70'N, ism.
59°39.53'W, 18 Apr 1989, 417 m, on Cida-
(HBOM
ris blakei. 1 male, 1 ovig. female Munidopsis spinifer
089:06820), JSL-II-1743, offYork Bay, St.
(A. Milne Edwards, 1880)
Vincent, 13°07.2'N, 61°17.04'W, 23 Apr
Fig. 3E, F
1989, 408m,onCidarisrugosa(H. L. Clark)
(Fig. 3C). Material. — 1 ovig. female (USNM
Remarks.—BoXh. M. abdominalis and C. 239275), JSL-I-2261, off Conception Is-
blakei were originally described from ma- land, 23°50.8'N, 75°09.6'W, 12 Sep 1988,
terial collected during the three cruises of 741 m, on the crinoid Crinometra brevipin-
the Blakein 1877-1880, the decapods hav- na (Fig. 3E). 1 male (HBOM 089:06822);
ing been taken at a station off Barbados JSL-I-2269, offCrooked Island, 22°41.5'N,
(Milne Edwards 1880) and the echinoid at 74°20.8'W, 16 Sep 1988, 594 m, on Cri-
several localities offthe coast ofCuba (Ag- nometra brevipinna (Fig. 3F). 1 juv. female
assiz 1878). Cidaris blakei has been taken (USNM 239274), JSL-II-1747, off York
subsequentlyatanumberoflocalitiesinthe Bay, St. Vincent, 13°07.2'N, 61°16.8'W, 25
Florida-West Indian region at depths from Apr 1989, 415 m, on Crinometra brevipin-
m
150 and 790 (Serafy 1979), while M. ab- na.
'
306 PROCEEDINGSOFTHEBIOLOGICALSOCIETY OFWASHINGTON
IP
l^^^^^l l^^^^^l
m
pi
'-aw^E^^''
_v^^^ S^^^HMk,. '^ij^-v.'
If'
;^H|i
_^
^^H
I^H I
1
,v
^^^HH^^^I^^Kft ' _ -^^
,' , . . .' "
Fig. 3. Photographs ofdecapods (arrowed) and their echinoderm hosts, taken from the Johnson-Sea-Link
submersible: A, Munidopsis abdominalis wth Cidaris blakei, JSL-I-2269, 569 m; B, same as A, 543 m; C,
Munidopsisabdominalison Cidaris rugosa, JSL-II-1743, 408 m; D, Munidopsisalaminoson Mesothuriagar-
gantua, JSL-II-I735; E, Munidopsis spinifer on Crinometra brevipinna, JSL-II-2261, 741 m; F, Munidopsis
spiniferon Crinometra brevipinna, JSL-I-2269, 594 m.
—
Remarks. Munidopsia spinifer is re- white. The contrast appears as longitudinal
cordedinthewesternAtlantic from the Ba- banding on the chelipeds and ambulatory
hamasandthe StraitsofFlorida, andoffthe legs,asinChirostylussalvadori, butwhereas
Greater and Lesser Antilles from Cuba to the banding on the carapace and abdomen
m
Barbados in depths ranging from 275 to in C. salvadori is transverse, it is longitu-
880 m (Milne Edwards & Bouvier 1897, dinal in M. spinifer. Thus, the rostrum and
Chace 1942, Mayo 1974). frontal region ofM. spiniferare orange-red,
Mayo reports the species as being strik- with this pattern extended posteriorly as
inglypigmentedorange-redcontrastingwith broad bands on either side ofthe mid-line.
VOLUME NUMBER
104, 2
307
Thesebandsarecontinuedontotheabdom- a single host specimen. This raises the in-
inalsomites,withwhitebandsmediallyand triguing possibihty that the animals may
on the lateral margins. form permanent or semi-permanent breed-
ing relationships, a situation never de-
scribed before in this group.
Discussion
There are numerous records in the liter- Acknowledgments
ature of behavioral associations between Fundingforsubmersiblediveswasgrant-
galatheoid decapods and other organisms, ed through Harbor Branch Oceanographic
particularly coelenterates and echinoderms Institution, Inc. (HBOI) and the Smithson-
(Milne Edwards 1880; Chace 1942; Baba ian Institution (SI). We are grateful to the
1974, 1979, 1988; Pequegnat & Pequegnat crews of the Johnson-Sea-Link submers-
1970). Where the species concerned are lit- ibles and the research vessels SewardJohn-
toralorshallow-living,theserecordsarefre- son and Edwin Link, all at HBOI, for their
quently based on direct observations and assistanceduringseveralmissionstotheBa-
are therefore unequivocal [e.g., records of hama Islands and the Lesser Antilles. Our
Allogalathea elegans (Adams & White, thanks are due to Dr. Frederick M. Bayer
1848),associatedwithcrinoidgenera,ascit- (SI) for identifying the gorgonian, Kerato-
edbyBaba(1979, 1988)]. Fordeeper-Hving isis, photographed with the suspected, but
forms,therecordsarebasedlargelyontrawl uncollected, second specimen ofGastropty-
and dredge hauls and are often less con- chus salvadori; the photo was kindly sup-
vincing. Thus,althoughthereisratherstrong plied by HBOI submersible pilot, Mr. D.
evidenceforanassociationbetween Uropty- Liberatore. Dr. C. Young (HBOI) provided
chus nitidus (A. Milne Edwards, 1880) and us with specimens and photographs ofMu-
thegorgoniancoralgenus Chrysogorgia(see nidopsis alaminos and Mesothuria gargan-
Pequegnat& Pequegnat 1970) and between tua from one of his submersible dives off
Gastroptychus novaezelandiae Baba, 1974 Barbados. ThispaperisHOBIContribution
andthepennatulidBalticina willemoesii(see No. 807 and Contribution No. 17—Studies
Baba 1974), the evidence for a similar as- on bathyal echinoderms ofthe Bahama Is-
sociation between Uroptychus rugosus (A. lands, J. E. Miller (HBOI), Principal inves-
Milne Edwards, 1880) and crinoid species, tigator.
as reported by Chace (1942), is largely cir-
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308 PROCEEDINGSOFTHE BIOLOGICALSOCIETYOFWASHINGTON
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