Chinese Chain And Washer Pumps 1958

69 Pages·1958·1.97 MB·English

A project of Volunteers in Asia

Edited
by: Simon Watt

Published
by:
Intermediate
Technology
Publications,
Ltd.
9 King Street
London WC2E 8HN
United
Kingdom

Paper copies
are
1.40 British
pounds.

Available
from:
Intermediate
Technology
Publications,
Ltd.
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London WC2E 88N
United
Kingdom

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Technology
Publications,
Ltd.

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document in any
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”
.

._..
_
r

.

.;’
w s

e I nternrediate
Techno
ogy ~eweio~ment
Gro
1965 by a group of engineers,
economists,
scientist
industry
and t
rofcssions,
to provide
help techniques
for developing
countries.
It is a no
ation registered
as a charity.

Its aim is to demonstrate
and emphasise that aid must be designed
to help the poor to help themselves.

The most urgent and intractable
robiem
of the less
coun-

tries is rural unemployment
and mass migration
to the cities.
sophisticated
capital-intensive,
Iabour-saving
methods
and equipment
currently
being exported
create few jobs and waste scarce ca
ces, whereas the technologies
most likely
to be a
poor countries
are those which are Oabour-intens
local materials
and are simple enough to be used and maintained
by
the people themselves.

The Group
is an action group which concentrates
on research and deve-
lopment
into self-help
technologies
for use in rural and village life; tests
and demonstrates
the results through
field projects,
programmes
and
consultancies;
communicates
the information
to the develo
tries through
governments,
organisations
and indiv!duals
and by pub-
lishing material
through
its subsidiary,
intermediate
Technology
Pub-
I ications
Ltd.

lSBNQ903Q31264
-

Printed
by The Ru’ssell
Press Ltd.,
Gamble
St., Nottingham
NG7
4ET

Telephone
Nottingham
74505

frorc the 1958 Peking Agricultural
Exhibition

Compiled by

Simon Watt

with
m appndix
by

John CoZlett

April 1976

Publications
Ltd

9 King
Street,
London
WC2E
El-IN.
England

ISBN 0 903031
26 4

Since
the descriptions
of the pumps included
in this
publication
are trnnslaticns
of material
circulated
at
the 1958 Pekin,-
Exhibition
1 publication
does not imply
that
ITDG reco?lmends any or ~11 of the
pumps.
Fiowever ,
as the orlgj;lal
leaflets
are nrr longer
available
and
the pumps are reportedly
in general
use,
it
was felt
that
yubiication
of this
information
would
be welcomed.

The p&t&g
of this pbEzt&orz
has hen
smde possible
by

the East Angbian Arts fr'rust ‘8 dcmatim
of proceeds
from

likzzwham Frrire.
The Intermediate
TechrwZogy Development Croup

gratej%tly
ack?wledges
their
generosrity,

cr’s wdd
a&o Eke to thank DP Joseph Needham, Mzster of Caius

College,
Cambtige,
for attm&g
us to use the original
infor-

m&km
sheets cotlected
by him at the 1958 ?eking AgricuZtura?.

lE&bi~,
china.
We wouM also thank FauZ Y.S. Cheung, s%dent

in elect&tat
engineering
at ImpetiaI
College,
London, for

trcvmlating
the infomatia
sheets fron Chinese into
El'nglish.

Paternoster
pump
and ‘fly-wheel’
weighted
wit;1
two
mill-stones,
manually
operated
by
eccentric,
connecting-rod
and
hand-bar
as in the traditional
mills,
(orig.
photo.,
Exhibition
of Agricultural
Machinery,
Peking,
1958).

Triple
paternoster
pump
manually
operated
with
two cranks
(orig.
photo.,
Exhibition
of
Agricultural
Machinery,
Peking,
1958).
The
discoidal
diaphragms
(phichhien)

can readily
be seen.

PLATE
1 CHAIN
PUMPS
FROM
THE
1959
PEKING
AGRICULTURAL
EY-
HIBITION
FROM
J. NEEDHAM
- SCIENCE
AND
CIVILISATION
IN CHINA :

CONTENT3

PREFA.CE

1.
AN I#TRODUCTION TO THE 1958 PEKING AGRICULTURAL EXHIBITlO

2.
BACKGROUND OF THE EHAlN AND WASHER PUMPS

3-
PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION

4m COMPONENTS OF THE PUMP

4.1
The rising
tin
pipe

4.2
The &air:
and uashers

4.3
The structure

4.4
The bearings

4.5
The chain wheel.

5.
SOURCES OF POWER AVAILABLE FOR WATER PUMPING, AND POSSIBLE

PUMPING RATES

5.1
Man power

5.2
Animal power

5.3
Wind power

5.4
Solar power

5.5
FJectric
and fossil
fuel power

5.6
Possible
rates of pumping wit11 the chain and uasl~r
p:mps

6.
TWENTY ONE EXAMPLES GF THE CHAiN AND WASHER PUfWP FROM THE

1958 PEKING EXHIBITION

7.
WHERE TO GO FOR FURTHER INFORMATION

7.1
On China

7.2
Pumping devices

7.3
Powar sources

0.
APPENDIX

i j. -;

PREFACE

This publication
contains
twenty one versions
of the chain

and washer water lifting
device,
displayed
at the 1958 Peking

Agricultural
Exhibition,
China.
Each version
of the p~xnp was

designed and built
by separate co-es,
using local
m,aterials,

skills
and tools*
A description
of each pump with peryormmce

figu=s
was written
up in the simple information
sheets that

have been literally
translated
for this
publication.
The

drawings presented on the information
sheets have also been

copied to allow angone with a basic understanding
of mechanics

to build
one of the devices;
construction
details
are not

included
in this publication.

Me have chosen only twenty one designs from the one

hundred and twenty simple pumping devices that were on display.

They were chosen to show how different
materials
can be used to

make 'rhe pumps, and the various
wsys they can be powered by

hand, foot,
an&al,
wind or motor power.
General technical

information
on the design,
constructional
features,
and mode

of operation
of chain and washer pumps is included
in tI!e first

part 9f this
publication,

'A hope that this
pAXcation
will
demonstrate the basic

yrinciples
and potential
of the device for use in rural
areas,

and show the wide variety
of ways that it
can be built.

S.L'+latt.

Intermediate
Technology Development Group -

Yater tievelopment Unit.

Xational
College of Agricultural