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China’s Saints: Catholic Martyrdom During the Qing (1644-1911) PDF

289 Pages·2011·1.944 MB·English
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Photograph of St. Alberico Crescitelli taken shortly after his arrival in China in 1888. He is seen with his “missioner’s crucifix,” now kept in the “martyr’s museum” in the P.I.M.E. house in Rome. The long Chinese queue is false. Credit: Archives of the Pontifical Institute of Foreign Missions, Rome. China’s Saints Studies in Missionaries and Christianity in China General Editor: Kathleen L. Lodwick, Pennsylvania State University/Lehigh Valley, Pennsylvania Publishing interdisciplinary, innovative scholarship, this series extends our understanding of the Christian missionary movement in China from the time of the Jesuits in the Ming dynasty to the Protestants in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries and explores its impact on both the Chinese people and on the countries that sent missionaries to China. Advisory Board: Ryan Dunch, University of Alberta, Canada Lydia Gerber, Washington State University, Washington Joseph Tse-Hei Lee, Pace University, New York Xi Lian, Hanover College, Indiana Lida Nedilsky, North Park College, Illinois Other Titles in this Series Anthony E. Clark, China’s Saints: Catholic Martyrdom during the Qing (1644–1911) Judith Liu, Foreign Exchange: Counterculture Behind the Walls of St. Hilda’s School for Girls, 1929–1937 Jessie G. Lutz, ed., Pioneer Chinese Christian Women: Gender, Christianity, and Social Mobility Kathleen L. Lodwick, The Widow’s Quest: The Byers Extraterritorial Case in Hainan, China, 1924–1925 M. Cristina Zaccarini, The Sino-American Friendship as Tradition and Challenge: Dr. Ailie Gale in China, 1908–1950 Jun Xing, Baptized in the Fire of Revolution: The American Social Gospel and the YMCA in China, 1919–1937 China’s Saints Catholic Martyrdom during the Qing (1644–1911) Anthony E. Clark LEHIGH UNIVERSITY PRESS Bethlehem Published by Lehigh University Press Co-published with The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, Inc. 4501 Forbes Boulevard, Suite 200, Lanham, Maryland 20706 www.rlpgbooks.com Estover Road, Plymouth PL6 7PY, United Kingdom Copyright © 2011 by Anthony E. Clark All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any electronic or mechanical means, including information storage and retrieval systems, without written permission from the publisher, except by a reviewer who may quote passages in a review. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Information Available Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Clark, Anthony E. China’s saints : Catholic martyrdom during the Qing (1644–1911) / Anthony E. Clark. p. cm. — (Studies in missionaries and Christianity in China) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-61146-016-2 (cloth : alk. paper) — ISBN 978-1-61146-017-9 (elec- tronic) 1. Christian saints—Biography. 2. Catholic Church—China—History. 3. China—Church history. I. Title. BX4655.3.C63 2011 272’.9092’251—dc22 [B] 2010048594  ™ The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992. Printed in the United States of America For Amanda 友之與我,雖友二身,二身之內,其心一而已 . 利瑪竇 — (Matteo Ricci) Contents List of Illustrations xi Acknowledgments xiii Introduction 1 1 The Food of Beasts: Martyrdom and Death in Perspective 7 2 Catholic Christianity in China: Nestorian Inroads, Franciscan Successes, Jesuit Accommodations, and the Modern Chaos 27 3 The Dominican Martyrs of Fujian 59 4 The Jesuit Martyrs of Hebei 89 5 The Franciscan Martyrs of Hunan and Shanxi 113 6 Other Martyrs from Other Missions 145 Conclusion Conflict to Accommodation: Resettling in the Aftermath 177 Appendix Beatification and Canonization Dates of China’s Saints 181 Notes 187 Bibliography 235 Index 259 ix

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Most books are stored in the elastic cloud where traffic is expensive. For this reason, we have a limit on daily download.