China's Governance: Across Vertical and Horizontal Connexions PDF
Preview China's Governance: Across Vertical and Horizontal Connexions
SPRINGER BRIEFS IN POLITICAL SCIENCE Peijie Wang China's Governance Across Vertical and Horizontal Connexions 123 SpringerBriefs in Political Science More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/8871 Peijie Wang ’ China s Governance Across Vertical and Horizontal Connexions 123 Peijie Wang University of Plymouth Plymouth UK and IÉSEG Lille France ISSN 2191-5466 ISSN 2191-5474 (electronic) SpringerBriefs inPolitical Science ISBN978-3-319-45912-7 ISBN978-3-319-45913-4 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-45913-4 LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2016952510 ©TheAuthor(s)2017 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpart of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilarmethodologynowknownorhereafterdeveloped. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt fromtherelevantprotectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained hereinorforanyerrorsoromissionsthatmayhavebeenmade. Printedonacid-freepaper ThisSpringerimprintispublishedbySpringerNature TheregisteredcompanyisSpringerInternationalPublishingAG Theregisteredcompanyaddressis:Gewerbestrasse11,6330Cham,Switzerland Preface This book is intended to put together all major ingredients of governance of the People’sRepublicofChina(PRC)inasinglevolume,acrossverticalandhorizontal connexions. It consists of seven chapters contained in three parts: State Governance, Organization of Production, and Governance Approaches. The book provides an integrated overview of contemporary topics and issues in the gover- nance of the PRC, which evolves while persists over time and, at this moment in time, enters into a critical phase of development. The book is a purely analytical text, involving no value judgement of social institutions and political systems. It places a focus on material life and material forces of production in addressing the design and construct of PRC governance in various fields. Thisbookiswrittenintheframeworkofhistoricalmaterialisthistoriography.Its worldviewabouthumansocietyandhistoryasarticulatedbyhistoricalmaterialism isthat‘humanbeingsenterintodefiniterelationsofproductionindependentoftheir will, which are appropriate to a given stage in the development of their material forces of production. The totality of these relations of production constitutes the economicstructureorinfrastructureofsociety,onwhicharisesalegalandpolitical superstructure’ (Marx 1859). Therefore, ‘the mode of production of material life conditions the general process of social, political and intellectual life’ (ibid); the modeofproductionisbasedontheleveloftheproductiveforces.Inthevicinityof material, social and intellectual life and economic, political, and legal structures comes state governance. It is a creature crafted by, and imposed upon, human beings, full of dialectical engagements. It is an entity of the unity and conflict of opposites; it is a process of the passage of quantitative changes into qualitative changes; and it experiences the negation of the negation constantly. This book centersonthemodesofproductionandunfoldsalongtheselines,throughtimeand space of the PRC. Plymouth, UK Peijie Wang May 2015 v vi Preface Reference Marx,Karl(1859),AContributiontotheCritiqueofPoliticalEconomy(PublishedinEnglishby ProgressPublishersinMoscow1977). ’ China s Governance Across Vertical and Horizontal Connexions (纵横中国) Table of Contents I. State Governance (治国秉政) 1. State Structure and Organs of State Power (国家机构) 2. Executive and Administration (行政管理) II. Organization of Production (生产组织) 3. Modes of Production (生产方式) 4. Approaches to Production (生产方法) III. Governance Approaches (施政举措) 5. Briefs in Governance (归口管理) 6. Divisions Between Lines and Blocks and Connexions (条块分割) 7. Generally Practised Governance Protocols (千年官场) vii Contents Part I State Governance 1 State Structure and Organs of State Power ... .... .... ..... .... 3 1.1 Overview .. .... .... ..... .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 3 1.2 Administrative Divisions ... .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 7 References.. .... .... .... ..... .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 12 2 Executive and Administration .. .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 13 2.1 Central Government.. ..... .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 13 2.2 Latest Evolutions in and Current State of Economic Domain Management . ..... .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 16 References.. .... .... .... ..... .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 21 Part II Organization of Production 3 Modes of Production. .... ..... .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 25 3.1 Introduction and Related Concepts.... .... .... .... ..... .... 25 3.2 Foundation of the Mode of Production, the State Assets and Enterprises.. .... ..... .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 26 References.. .... .... .... ..... .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 30 4 Approaches to Production ..... .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 31 4.1 Introduction and Background.... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 31 4.2 Historical Lines of Evolutions of PRC Ministries of Industrial Production .... .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 32 4.3 Overview of Transitions from Ministries to Industrial Corporations.... .... ..... .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 36 4.4 ‘One Divided into Two’.... .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 37 4.5 Other Major Central Enterprises.. .... .... .... .... ..... .... 39 References.. .... .... .... ..... .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 42 ix x Contents Part III Governance Approaches 5 Briefs in Governance. .... ..... .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 47 5.1 Briefing on Briefs.... ..... .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 47 5.2 Industry, Agriculture, Finance and Commerce ... .... ..... .... 48 5.3 Culture, Education, Publicity, Health, Science and Technology . .... ..... .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 52 5.4 Legal and Political Affairs and International Relations. ..... .... 56 References.. .... .... .... ..... .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 59 6 Divisions Between Lines and Blocks and Connexions.... ..... .... 61 6.1 Introduction and Related Notions. .... .... .... .... ..... .... 61 6.2 Divisions and Connexions in Action .. .... .... .... ..... .... 62 6.3 Divisions and Connexions in Examples .... .... .... ..... .... 67 6.4 Alternations, Swings, and Controversies.... .... .... ..... .... 70 References.. .... .... .... ..... .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 75 7 Generally Practised Governance Protocols .... .... .... ..... .... 79 7.1 Complexity and Simplicity.. .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 79 7.2 Parity and Equivalence..... .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 79 7.3 Allegory Versus Literality .. .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 84 7.4 Controversies and Fantasies . .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 85 References.. .... .... .... ..... .... .... .... .... .... ..... .... 87
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