China: From Afforestation to Poverty Alleviation and Natural Forest Management (Evaluation Country Case Study Series) PDF
Preview China: From Afforestation to Poverty Alleviation and Natural Forest Management (Evaluation Country Case Study Series)
China : Natural Forest Management World title: Bank Operations Evaluation Study author: Huang, Jikun publisher: World Bank isbn10 | asin: 0821347594 print isbn13: 9780821347591 ebook isbn13: 9780585373232 language: English Forest management--China, Forests and subject forestry--Economic aspects--China, World Bank. publication date: 2000 lcc: SD221.C465 2000eb ddc: 333.75/152/0951 Forest management--China, Forests and subject: forestry--Economic aspects--China, World Bank. China from Afforestation to Poverty Alleviation and Natural Forest Management OPERATIONS EVALUATION DEPARTMENT ENHANCING DEVELOPMENT EFFECTIVENESS THROUGH EXCELLENCE AND INDEPENDENCE IN EVALUATION The Operations Evaluation Department (OED) is an independent unit within the World Bank; it reports directly to the Bank's Board of Executive Directors. OED assesses what works, and what does not; how a borrower plans to run and maintain a project; and the lasting contribution of the Bank to a country's overall development. The goals of evaluation are to learn from experience, to provide an objective basis for assessing the results of the Bank's work, and to provide accountability in the achievement of its objectives. It also improves Bank work by identifying and disseminating the lessons learned from experience and by framing recommendations drawn from evaluation findings. Page i China from Afforestation to Poverty Alleviation and Natural Forest Management Evaluation Country Case Study Series Scott Rozelle Jikun Huang Syed Arif Husain Aaron Zazueta www.worldbank.org/html/oed Page ii Copyright © 2000 The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/THE WORLD BANK 1818 H Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20433, U.S.A. All rights reserved Manufactured in the United States of America The opinions expressed in this report do not necessarily represent the views of the World Bank or its member governments. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this publication and accepts no responsibility whatsoever for any consequence of their use. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this volume do not imply on the part of the World Bank Group any judgment on the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. The material in this publication is copyrighted. The World Bank encourages dissemination of its work and will normally grant permission promptly. Permission to photocopy items for internal or personal use, for the internal or personal use of specific clients, or for educational classroom use is granted by the World Bank, provided that the appropriate fee is paid directly to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, U.S.A., telephone 978-750-8400, fax 978-730-4470: Please contact the Copyright Clearance Center before photocopying items. For permission to reprint individual articles or chapters, please fax your request with complete information to the Republication Department, Copyright Clearance Center, fax 978-750-4470. All other queries on rights and licenses should be addressed to the Office of the Publisher, World Bank, at the address above, or faxed to 202-522-2422. ISBN 0-8213-4759-4 Library of Congress Cataloging-in- Publication Data has been applied for. Printed on recycled paper. Page iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword vii Acknowledgments xi Acronyms xv Summary xvii 1. Introduction 1 Part I: The State of China's Forests 2. Role of the Forest Sector in China's Economy 5 3. Forest Resource Management 9 4. Forest Resource Status and Trends 13 Timber 14 Shelterbelts and Commercial Plantations 17 Accounting for Forest Cover Changes 18 China's Forest Volume 19 5. Land Degradation and Other Rural Environmental 23 Problems The State of China's Rural Environment and Resource 25 Base 6. Policy Reforms in China's State and Collective Forest 29 Regions Reforming the State-Run Sector 30 Reforming the Collective Sector 30 Reforms in the Rest of the Economy 31 Page iv 7. Rural Environment Protection Policy 33 Laws 33 Institutions 35 Environmental Policy Implementation Problems in 37 China Fiscal Environment 39 8. Land Tenure and ForestsEvidence from China's Villages 41 General Findings 42 Changes in Forest Land Tenure 42 Population Growth and Changes in Agricultural 43 Production Shifting the Structure of Forest Land Use 44 Land Tenure and Afforestation 44 Results of Multivariate Analysis 44 Part II: Influence and Impact of the World Bank 9. The Bank Portfolio in China 47 Portfolio Analysis 47 Forest and Forest Component Projects in China 49 Quality Assurance Group Ratings for China Projects 49 Operations Evaluation Department Ratings for China 50 Projects Non-Lending Activities 52
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