China and the United States: Cooperation and Competition in Northeast Asia

205 Pages·2008·22.596 MB·English

by  Suisheng Zhao (eds.)

CHINA AND THE UNITED STATES
CHINA AND THE UNITED STATES
COOPERATION AND COMPETITION
IN NORTHEAST ASIA
Edited by SuishengZhao
palgrave
macmillan
*
CHINA AND THE UNITED STATES
Copyright© Suisheng Zhao, 2008.
Softcover reprint of the hardcover !st edition 2008 978-0-230-60848-1
All rights reserved.
First published in 2008 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN® in the US-a
division of St. Martin's Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY
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the world, this is by Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan
Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number 785998,
of Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG2 l 6XS.
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ISBN 978-1-349-37547-9 ISBN 978-0-230-61609-7 (eBook)
DOI 10.1057/9780230616097
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
China and the United States : cooperation and competition in
northeast Asia / edited by Suisheng Zhao.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
I. United States-Foreign relations--China. 2. China-Foreign relations
United States. 3. United States-Foreign economic relations-China.
4. China-Foreign economic relations-United States.
5. International cooperation-Case studies. 6. Competition-United
States. 7. Competition-China. 8. East Asia-Politics and government.
9. East Asia-Economic conditions. I. Zhao, Suisheng, 1954-
El83.8.C5C4634 2008
327.73051-dc22 2008015073
A catalogue record of the book is available from the British Library.
Design by Scribe Inc.
First edition: November 2008
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Transferred to Digital Printing 2011
To Yi,Lillian,Sandra,andJustinian
CONTENTS
Aboutthe Editorand Contributors IX
Introduction 1
SuishengZhao
1 The Transformation ofU.S.-ChinaRelations 9
SUishengZhao
2 China'sRiseand the DurabilityofU.S.Leadership inAsia 33
RobertSutter
3 U.S.Domestic Politics and the ChinaPolicyRollercoaster 61
RobertM.Hathaway
4 TheWorldviews ofChinese Leadership and 81
Sino-U.S.Relations
Chien-min Chaoand Chih-Chia Hsu
5 The Japan Factorin U.S.-China Relations 107
Steven1.Levine
6 The Russian Factorin U.S.-China Relations 123
ChristopherMarshandLowellDittmer
7 The North Korea NuclearCrisisand 143
U.S.-China Cooperation
Bonnie S.GlaserandLiangWang
8 The TaiwanFactorin U.S.-ChinaRelations 171
John F.Copper
Index 193
ABOUT THE EDITOR
AND CONTRIBUTORS
THE EDITOR
SuishengZhao isProfessorand Executive Directorofthe Centerfor
China-U.S. Cooperation and the Institute ofU.S.-EastAsia Coop
eration at Graduate School of International Studies, University of
Denver; founder and editor ofthe Journal ofContemporary China;
a member ofthe Board ofGovernors ofthe U.S. Committee ofthe
Council for Security Cooperation in the AsiaPacific(USCSCAP); a
memberofNational Committeeon U.S.-ChinaRelations;aResearch
Associate at the Fairbanks Center for East Asian Research in Har
vard University; and a jianzhi professor at Beijing University, Ren
min Universityand FudanUniversity.ACampbellNational Fellow at
Hoover InstitutionofStanford University, hewasAssociate Professor
ofPolitical Science/International Studies at Washington College in
Maryland, and Associate Professor ofGovernment/East Asian Poli
ticsat Colby College inMaine. He received a PhD degree in political
science from the University ofCalifornia, San Diego;aMAdegree in
Sociology from the University ofMissouri; and a MA degree in eco
nomics from Peking University. He isthe author and editor ofnine
books.His most recent books are China-U.S.Relations Transformed:
Perspectives and Strategic Interactions (Routledge, 2008); Debating
PoliticalReform in China:RuleofLawversusDemocratization(M.E.
Sharpe, 2006); A Nation-StatebyConstruction: DynamicsofModern
ChineseNationalism (Stanford University Press, 2004); ChineseFor
eignPolicy:PragmatismandStrategicBehavior(M.E.Sharpe,2003);
China and Democracy: Reconsidering the Prospectsfor a Democratic
China(Routledge,2000);AcrosstheTaiwan Strait:MainlandChina,
Taiwan, and the Crisis of1995-96 (Routledge, 1999). His articles
have appeared in Political ScienceQ;tarterly, The Wilson Quarterly,
x ABOUTTHEEDITORAND CONTRIBUTORS
Washington Q;tarterly, International Politik, The China Q;tarterly,
WorldAffairs, Asian Survey, Asian Affairs,Journal ofDemocracy,
PacificAffairs, Communism and Post-Communism Studies, Problems
ofPost-Communism, Issuesand Studies,and elsewhere.
CONTRIBUTORS
Chien-min Chao is Professor and Director ofSun Yat-sen Gradu
ate Institute ofSocialSciencesand Humanities at National Chengchi
University. He has been a visiting distinguished professor at George
Washington University, and visiting teaching professor at University
ofWisconsin, Madison. He has won avariety ofresearch and publi
cation awards. He has written and edited eight books, including Lee
Teng-hui's Legacy: Democratic Consolidation and Foreign Relations
(M.E.Sharpe,2002);Rethinking theChineseState:Strategies,Society,
andSecurity(Routledge,2001); TheROContheThreshold ofthe21st
Century:A Paradigm Reexamined (University ofMaryland, 1999);
Cross-straitRelations and Taiwan's Foreign Policies (Taipei, 2000);
AnAnalysistoContemporaryChinesePolitics(Wunan, 1997); Taiwan
and Mainland China:Relationsand ForeignCompetition (Yeh-yeh,
1992); AuthoritarianPolitics(Youshi, 1994).Dr. Chaohasalsopro
duced over one hundred articles in academic journals such as Asian
Survey, China Quarterly, Journal of Contemporary China, Pacific
Affairs, Issues& Studies, ChineseLawandGovernment,andZhongguo
dalu yanjiu, among others,and bookchapters.
John F.Copperisthe Stanley J.BuckmanDistinguishedProfessor
ofInternational Studies at Rhodes College in Memphis, Tennessee.
Dr. Copper is the author ofmore than twenty books on Asia and
international affairs. Inaddition, he has written severalmonographs,
editedone book,coeditedonebook,and cotranslatedtwo books. He
hasalsocontributed to more thanforty booksand haspublishedover
seventy articles in academic journalsand magazines. Anumberofhis
public addresses have been published. Professor Copperhas testified
severaltimes before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee and the
House ForeignAffairsCommitteeand itsSub-committeeon Asiaand
PacificAffairs.Dr. Copper wasamemberofthe Board ofGovernors
ofthe East West Center (an appointment made by the White House
andtheSecretaryofState)from 1983to 1989.He iscurrentlyon the
Board ofDirectors ofthe American Association for Chinese Studies,
and is a member ofthe editorial board ofthe journal Asian Affairs.
Professor Copper is listed in Who)s Whoin the World, Who)s Whoin
America,Men ofAchievement, ContemporaryAuthors,AnnualGuide
ABOUTTHEEDITORAND CONTRIBUTORS xi
to Public Policy Experts, and Who)s Whoin Asian Studies. In 1997,
Dr. Copper was the recipient ofthe International Communications
Award. Professor Copper has spent more than thirteen years in Asia
teachingand doing research.
LowellDittmerreceived hisPhD from the University ofChicago
in 1971. His scholarlyexpertise isthe study ofcontemporary China.
He teaches courses on contemporary China, NortheastAsia,and the
PacificRim.Hiscurrentresearchinterestsincludeastudyofthe impact
ofreform on Chinese Communist authority, a survey ofpatterns of
informal politics in East Asia, and a project on the China-Taiwan
U.S.triangle in the context ofEast Asian regionalpolitics. Professor
Dittmer's recently published books and monographs include Sino
Soviet Normalization and Its International Implications (University
ofWashingtonPress, 1992);China'sQuestfor NationalIdentity(with
Samuel Kim, Cornell University Press, 1993); China Under Modern
ization (Westview Press, 1994); and SouthAsia)sNuclear Crisis(M.
E.Sharpe,2005).
Bonnie S. Glaser hasserved asa consultant on Asian affairssince
1982forthe DepartmentofDefense,the DepartmentofState,Sandia
National Laboratories, aswell asother agencies ofthe U.S. govern
ment. She is also a senior associate at the Center for Strategic and
InternationalStudies(CSIS)inWashington,DC,andaseniorassociate
withPacificForumCSISin Honolulu,Hawaii.Ms.Glaserhaswritten
extensively on Chinese threat perceptions and views ofthe strategic
environment,China'sforeign and securitypolicy,Sino-Americanrela
tions,U.S.-Chinesemilitaryties,cross-strait relations,Chineseassess
ments ofthe Korean peninsula, Sino-Russian relations, and Chinese
perspectives on missile defense and multilateralsecurity in Asia. Her
writings havebeenpublishedin China Quarterly,AsianSurvey,Inter
national Security, Problems ofCommunism, Contemporary Southeast
Asia,AmericanForeignPolicy Interests,FarEastern EconomicReview,
theKoreanJournalofDefenseAnalysis, theNew YOrkTimes, theInter
nationalHerald Tribune, aswell asvariousedited volumeson Asian
security.Ms.Glaserisaregularcontributorto thePacificForumquar
terlyWeb journal ComparativeConnections.She iscurrently a board
member of the U.S. Committee ofthe Council for Security Coop
eration in the Asia Pacificand a member ofthe Council on Foreign
Relations, and she served asa memberofthe Defense Department's
Defense Policy Board China Panel in 1997. Ms. Glaser received her
BAinpolitical science from Boston Universityand her MAwith con
centrations in international economics and Chinese studiesfrom the
Johns HopkinsSchool ofAdvancedInternational Studies.
xii ABOUTTHEEDITORANDCONTRIBUTORS
Robert M. Hathaway has been director ofthe AsiaProgram at
the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars since 1999.
Prior to that, he served for twelve years on the professional staffof
the Foreign AffairsCommittee ofthe U.S.House ofRepresentatives,
where he specialized in American foreign policy toward Asia. Dr.
Hathawayhasalsobeen amemberofthe HistoryStaffofthe Central
IntelligenceAgency,and hastaughtat GeorgeWashingtonUniversity
and at Barnard, Middlebury,and Wilson colleges.He holds a PhD in
American Diplomatic Historyfrom the University ofNorth Carolina.
He has authored three books and numerous articles on U.S. foreign
policysince 1933. Recent coedited reports include HardSell:Attain
ing PakistaniCompetitivenessin GlobalTrade(Wilson Center,2008);
Fueling the Future: Meeting Pakistan's EnergyNeedsin the21st Cen
tury (Wilson Center, 2007); and Georqe W Bush and East Asia:A
First Term Assessment(Wilson Center, 2005). He isamemberofthe
Council on Foreign Relations and the National Committee on U.S.
China Relations.
Chih-Chia Hsu isAssociate Professor at Ming Chuan University,
Taiwan. His current researches focus on Chinese foreign policy,Chi
nese politics, international relations, and cross-strait relations, His
recentpublications include ChineseForeignPolicyandSino-American
Relations(in Chinese, 2004); ChineseForeignPolicyDecision-Making
Patternsin theEra ofDeng(in Chinese,2000); "Foreign PolicyDeci
sion-MakingProcessin Deng'sChina:ThreePatternsforAnalysis"in
AsianPerspective(1999),and severaljournalarticles.
Steven Levine is Associate Director of the Maureen and Mike
Mansfield Center at the University ofMontana. He received hisPhD
from Harvard University and, over athirty-five-yearacademic career,
has also taught, inter alia, at American University, Columbia Univer
sity,Duke University,and the University ofNorth Carolinaat Chapel
Hill, where hewasfounding directorofthe CarolinaAsiaCenter.He
is widely published in the field ofmodern Chinese history, Chinese
foreign policy, and East Asian international relations, and has trans
lated severalscholarly books from Chinese and Russian into English.
He is now working with the Chinese scholar-essayist Zi Zhongyun
on her English-language autobiography; with Michael H.Hunton a
book on America's PacificWars;and he istranslating anew Russian
language biography ofMao Zedong byAlexander Pantsov, incorpo
rating many new materials from Soviet and Comintern archives.
Christopher Marsh is Director ofAsian Studies and Director of
the Keston Centerfor Religion, Politics, and Society,aswellasassoci
ate professor ofpolitical science and church-state studies, at Baylor