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Children as Victims, Witnesses, and Offenders: Psychological Science and the Law PDF

433 Pages·2009·2.604 MB·English
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Children as ViCtims, Witnesses, and Offenders Children as ViCtims, Witnesses, and Offenders Psychological Science and the Law Edited by Bette L. Bottoms Cynthia J. Najdowski Gail S. Goodman the GuilfOrd Press new York london © 2009 The Guilford Press A Division of Guilford Publications, Inc. 72 Spring Street, New York, NY 10012 www.guilford.com All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher. Printed in the United States of America This book is printed on acid-free paper. Last digit is print number: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Children as victims, witnesses, and offenders: psychological science and the law/ edited by Bette L. Bottoms, Cynthia J. Najdowski, and Gail S. Goodman. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-60623-332-0 (hbk.: alk. paper) 1. Children—Crimes against. 2. Child witnesses. 3. Juvenile delinquents. 4. Children—Legal status, laws, etc. 5. Forensic psychology. 6. Criminal investigation. I. Bottoms, Bette L. II. Najdowski, Cynthia J. III. Goodman, Gail S. HV6250.4.C48C4556 2009 362.88083—dc22 2009018939 To Gary, my constant support, and to all the students who make my life richer every day —B. L. B. To my devoted mother, and to my husband, Jeff, and son, Jake, who illuminate my days with their love and laughter —C. J. N. To Danielle, Lauren, and Phil for their love and support —G. S. G. To all children who enter the legal system —B. L. B., C. J. N., and G. S. G. about the editors Bette L. Bottoms, PhD, is Professor of Psychology at the University of Illi- nois at Chicago. Her research on child abuse, children’s eyewitness testi- mony, and jurors’ perceptions of child victims and of juvenile offenders has been funded by the National Institute of Mental Health and published in numerous scholarly articles. Dr. Bottoms has edited four other books on child maltreatment and children’s eyewitness testimony, and she has served on the editorial boards of Law and Human Behavior; Psychology, Public Policy, and Law; Journal of Child Sexual Abuse; Behavioral Sciences & the Law; and Child Maltreatment. She is a Fellow of the American Psychologi- cal Association (APA) and was President of the APA Society for Child and Family Policy and Practice and of the APA Section on Child Maltreatment. In 1998, Dr. Bottoms was a recipient of the APA American Psychology–Law Society Saleem Shah Early Career Award for Contributions to Psychology and Law Research, and of the Today’s Chicago Woman Foundation Rising Star Award for career and community contributions in 2003. She has also received eight awards for excellence in graduate and undergraduate teaching and mentoring. Cynthia J. Najdowski, BA, is a doctoral student in social and personal- ity psychology at The University of Illinois at Chicago. She studies issues related to psychology and law, such as factors related to understanding how childhood sexual abuse and rape victims cope with their experiences. Her Master’s thesis research considered jurors’ perceptions of juvenile offend- ers. Ms. Najdowski’s work has been published in journals such as Behav- ioral Sciences & the Law, Psychology of Women Quarterly, and Addic- tive Behaviors. She has received research grants from the Psi Chi National Honor Society and the APA American Psychology–Law Society. In 2006, Ms. Najdowski was the recipient of the Student Poster Award from the vii viii about the editors APA Society for Child and Family Policy and Practice and, in 2009, the Christopher B. Keys Award for Early Outstanding Research Achievement from the University of Illinois at Chicago. Ms. Najdowksi serves on the stu- dent section of the editorial board for Law and Human Behavior and is the Graduate Student Representative for the APA Society for Child and Family Policy and Practice. Gail S. Goodman, PhD, is Distinguished Professor of Psychology and Direc- tor of the Center for Public Policy Research at the University of California, Davis. She conducts basic theoretical research on memory development and psycholegal research focusing on children’s abilities to provide testimony about events they have experienced or witnessed, especially events related to child abuse; on the psychological effects of testifying in court; and cur- rently on the relations between child maltreatment, revictimization, and juvenile delinquency. Her studies have been cited in U.S. Supreme Court decisions. Dr. Goodman has served on the editorial boards of Child Devel- opment, Law and Human Behavior, and Contemporary Psychology, and as President of the APA’s Section on Child Maltreatment, Society for Child and Family Policy and Practice, and American Psychology–Law Society. She was the recipient of the APA’s Distinguished Contributions to Research in Public Policy Award and the Distinguished Professional Contributions to Applied Research Award in 2005, and the Urie Bronfenbrenner Award for Lifetime Contribution to Developmental Psychology in the Service of Science and Society in 2008. Dr. Goodman has also been a consultant concerning chil- dren in the criminal justice and child protection systems both nationally and internationally. Contributors Iris Blandón-Gitlin, PhD, Department of Psychology, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, California Bette L. Bottoms, PhD, Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois Sarah L. Bunnell, MA, Department of Psychology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas Kay Bussey, PhD, Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia Lorinda B.Camparo, PhD, Department of Psychology, Whittier College, Whittier, California Alexia Cooper, MA, Department of Psychology and Social Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California Ingrid M. Cordon, PhD, Center for Public Policy Research, University of California, Davis, Davis, California Sacha M. Coupet, PhD, JD, Civitas ChildLaw Center, School of Law, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois Emily E. Dunlap, MS, Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky James Garbarino, PhD, Department of Psychology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois Jonathan M. Golding, PhD, Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky Gail S. Goodman, PhD, Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California Andrea Follmer Greenhoot, PhD, Department of Psychology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas ix

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