Children and War: A Historical Anthology PDF
Preview Children and War: A Historical Anthology
Children and War Children and War A Historical Anthology edited by James Marten Foreword by Robert Coles a New York University Press new york and london new york university press New York and London © 2002 by New York University All rights reserved Library ofCongress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Children and war :a historical anthology / edited by James Marten. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-8147-5666-2 (cloth :alk.paper) ISBN 0-8147-5667-0 (paper :alk.paper) 1.Children and war. I.Marten,James Alan. HQ784.W3 C53 2002 303.6'6'083––dc21 2002004989 New York University Press books are printed on acid-free paper, and their binding materials are chosen for strength and durability. Manufactured in the United States ofAmerica 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 To the children,and to the fathers and mothers,brothers and sisters, aunts and uncles,who died in New York,Washington,and Pennsylvania on September 11,2001. And to Lauren and Eli Marten, that they may never become children ofwar. Contents Foreword xi RobertColes Acknowledgments xv Introduction 1 James Marten Memory and Meaning 11 1 Childhood,Memory,and the American Revolution 15 Elizabeth McKee Williams 2 “After the War I Am Going to Put Myselfa Sailor”: Geography,Writing,and Race in the Letters ofFree Children ofColor in Civil War New Orleans 26 Molly Mitchell 3 Flowers ofEvil:Mass Media,Child Psychology,and the Struggle for Russia’s Future during the First World War 38 Aaron J.Cohen 4 Imagining Anzac:Children’s Memories ofthe Killing Fields ofthe Great War 50 Bruce C.Scates 5 Rescue and Trauma:Jewish Children and the Kindertransports during the Holocaust 63 Eric J.Sterling 6 Mama,Are We Going to Die? America’s Children Confront the Cuban Missile Crisis 75 Chris O’Brien vii viii Contents 7 Bereavement in a War Zone:Liberia in the 1990s 87 Cynthia B.Eriksson and Elizabeth A.Rupp Lessons and Literature 99 8 Representations ofWar and Martial Heroes in English Elementary School Reading and Rituals,1885–1914 103 Stephen Heathorn 9 The Child in the Flying Machine:Childhood and Aviation in the First World War 116 Guillaume de Syon 10 World Friendship:Children,Parents,and Peace Education in America between the Wars 135 Diana Selig 11 Ghosts and the Machine:Teaching Emiliano Zapata and the Mexican Revolution since 1921 147 Stephen E.Lewis 12 Japanese Children and the Culture ofDeath, January–August 1945 160 Owen Griffiths 13 The Antifascist Narrative:Memory Lessons in the Schools ofthe Soviet Occupation Zone,1945–1949 172 Benita Blessing 14 Humanitarian Sympathy for Children in Times of War and the History ofChildren’s Rights,1919–1959 184 Dominique Marshall Actors and Victims 201 15 “These Unfortunate Children”:Sons and Daughters ofthe Regiment in Revolutionary and Napoleonic France 205 Thomas Cardoza 16 Children and the New Zealand Wars:An Exploration 216 Jeanine Marie Graham Contents ix 17 Stolen Generations and Vanishing Indians:The Removal ofIndigenous Children as a Weapon ofWar in the United States and Australia,1870–1940 227 Victoria Haskins and Margaret D.Jacobs 18 “Baptized in Blood”:Children in the Time ofthe Sandino Rebellion,Nicaragua,1927–1934 242 Michael J.Schroeder 19 “Too Young for a Uniform”:Children’s War Work on the Iowa Farm Front,1941–1945 254 Lisa L.Ossian 20 Against Their Will:The Use and Abuse ofBritish Children during the Second World War 266 Penny Elaine Starns and Martin L.Parsons 21 Innocent Victims and Heroic Defenders:Children and the Siege ofLeningrad 279 Lisa A.Kirschenbaum Epilogue 291 James Marten Bibliography 295 Contributors 303 Index 309
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