Child Abuse Sourcebook

649 Pages·2013·5.181 MB·English

by  Valarie R. Juntunen

Health Reference Series
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Child Abuse
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of Children, Including Abusive Head Trauma, Bullying,
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Consequences of Child Maltreatment, Featuring Facts
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Along with Information for Parents, Foster Parents, and
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Edited by
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Valarie R. Juntunen, RN

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SOURCEBOOK
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Educational Neglect, Exploitation, and the Long-Term
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Bibliographic Note
Because this page cannot legibly accommodate all the copyright notices, the Bibliographic
Note portion of the Preface constitutes an extension of the copyright notice.
Edited by Valarie R. Juntunen, RN
Health Reference Series
Karen Bellenir, Managing Editor
David A. Cooke, MD, FACP, Medical Consultant
Elizabeth Collins, Research and Permissions Coordinator
EdIndex, Services for Publishers, Indexers
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Omnigraphics, Inc.
Matthew P. Barbour, Senior Vice President
Kevin M. Hayes, Operations Manager
* * *
Peter E. Ruffner, Publisher
Copyright © 2013 Omnigraphics, Inc.
ISBN 978-0-7808-1277-2
E-ISBN 978-0-7808-1278-9
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Child abuse sourcebook : basic consumer health information about child neglect and
the physical, sexual, and emotional abuse of children, including abusive head trauma,
bullying, Munchausen by proxy syndrome, statutory rape, incest, educational neglect,
exploitation, and the long-term consequences of child maltreatment, featuring facts
about risk factors, prevention initiatives, reporting requirements, legal interventions,
child protective services, and therapy options, along with information for parents,
foster parents, and adult survivors of child abuse, a glossary of related terms, and
directories of additional resources / edited by Valarie R. Juntunen.
pages cm. -- (Health reference series)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
Summary: "Provides basic consumer health information about abuse and neglect
of children and adolescents, along with facts about prevention and intervention
strategies and treatment for survivors of abuse. Includes index, glossary of
related terms, and other resources"--Provided by publisher.
ISBN 978-0-7808-1277-2 (hardcover : alk. paper) 1. Child abuse--United States.
2. Child abuse--United States--Prevention. 3. Abused children--United States. I.
Juntunen, Valarie R.
HV6626.52.C557 2013
362.76--dc23
2013001120
Electronic or mechanical reproduction, including photography, recording, or any other infor-
mation storage and retrieval system for the purpose of resale is strictly prohibited without
permission in writing from the publisher.
The information in this publication was compiled from the sources cited and from other
sources considered reliable. While every possible effort has been made to ensure reliability,
the publisher will not assume liability for damages caused by inaccuracies in the data, and
makes no warranty, express or implied, on the accuracy of the information contained herein.
This book is printed on acid-free paper meeting the ANSI Z39.48 Standard. The infinity
symbol that appears above indicates that the paper in this book meets that standard.
Printed in the United States
Table of Contents
Visit www.healthreferenceseries.com to view A Contents Guide to the
Health Reference Series, a listing of more than 16,000 topics and the
volumes in which they are covered.
Preface ..........................................................................................xiii
Part I: Child Maltreatment
Chapter 1—Defining Child Maltreatment .....................................3
Section 1.1—Understanding Child
Abuse and Neglect ............................4
Section 1.2—Legal Definitions of
Child Abuse and Neglect ................16
Chapter 2—Infant Maltreatment and Death ..............................23
Section 2.1—Infant Neglect .................................24
Section 2.2—Identifying Infant
Maltreatment ..................................33
Section 2.3—Homicides in Children
under Age Five ................................35
Section 2.4—Filicide: When Parents
Kill Their Children .........................39
Section 2.5—Differences Between Homicide
and Filicide Offenders ....................41
Chapter 3—Child Abuse Statistics ..............................................45
Section 3.1—Child Maltreatment
Facts at a Glance ............................46
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Section 3.2—Characteristics of Children
Aided by Child Protective
Services ...........................................48
Chapter 4—When Children Are Exposed to Violence .................57
Chapter 5—Child Exploitation .....................................................69
Section 5.1—Vulnerable Children
and Child Labor ..............................70
Section 5.2—Sexual Exploitation
of Children ......................................73
Chapter 6—Abuse by Other Children ..........................................79
Section 6.1—Sibling Abuse ..................................80
Section 6.2—When Children Are Sexually
Abused by Other Children .............87
Chapter 7—Bullying ...................................................................103
Section 7.1—What Is Bullying? .........................104
Section 7.2—Bullying Risk Factors
and Warning Signs .......................106
Section 7.3—Effects of Bullying.........................108
Section 7.4—Preventing and Responding
to Bullying .....................................110
Chapter 8—Long-Term Effects and Consequences
of Child Abuse and Neglect ....................................113
Section 8.1—Effects of Child Maltreatment
on Brain Development ..................114
Section 8.2—Long-Term Consequences of
Child Maltreatment ......................121
Part II: Physical and Sexual Abuse of Children
Chapter 9—Physical Abuse of Children ....................................129
Section 9.1—The Nature and Consequences
of Child Physical Abuse ................130
Section 9.2—Recognizing Physical Abuse
in Children ....................................132
Section 9.3—Helping First Responders
Identify Child Abuse .....................135
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Chapter 10—Abusive Head Trauma ..........................................141
Chapter 11—Munchausen by Proxy Syndrome ........................147
Chapter 12—Sexual Abuse of Children .....................................151
Section 12.1—Statistics and Indicators
of Sexual Abuse in Children ....152
Section 12.2—The Nature and Consequences
of Child Sexual Abuse ..............155
Chapter 13—Incest .....................................................................159
Section 13.1—How Does Incest Differ from
Other Child Sexual Abuse? ......160
Section 13.2—What Should I Do If I Am a
Victim of Incest? .......................162
Section 13.3—What Should I Do If Someone
I Know Is a Victim of Incest? ...163
Section 13.4—Incest and the Non-Abusive
Parent .......................................164
Chapter 14—Teen Dating Abuse ................................................169
Chapter 15—Statutory Rape ......................................................173
Section 15.1—State Laws on Statutory
Rape ..........................................174
Section 15.2—Adolescent Sexual Behavior
and the Law ..............................184
Part III: Child Neglect and Emotional Abuse
Chapter 16—Child Neglect .........................................................201
Section 16.1—Definition and Scope of
Neglect ......................................202
Section 16.2—Indicators of Neglect in
Children ....................................218
Section 16.3—Recognizing Child Neglect .......221
Chapter 17—Medical Neglect .....................................................225
Section 17.1—Neglect of Children’s Health
Care ...........................................226
Section 17.2—Medical Neglect Laws and
Faith Healing ............................240
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Chapter 18—Educational Neglect and Truancy........................247
Section 18.1—Children’s Educational
Needs and the Problem
of Educational Neglect .............248
Section 18.2—Truancy Prevention ..................252
Chapter19—Emotional Abuse of Children ................................261
Section 19.1—Indicators of Emotional
Abuse ........................................262
Section 19.2—The Nature and
Consequences of
Emotional Abuse .....................264
Chapter 20—Technology And Abuse ..........................................267
Section 20.1—Electronic Devices and
Aggression ................................268
Section 20.2—What Is Cyberbullying? ...........283
Section 20.3—Protecting Kids from
Technology-Related Abuse .......287
Chapter 21—What Every Parent Should Know about
Athlete Abuse ........................................................293
Part IV: Adult Survivors of Child Abuse
Chapter 22—Adult Survivors of Child Abuse............................305
Section 22.1—Consequences of Child
Abuse in Adulthood ..................306
Section 22.2—Effects of Adverse
Childhood Experiences
Over the Lifespan .....................320
Chapter 23—Adult Survivors of Childhood Sexual Abuse .......325
Chapter 24—Reactions to Trauma in Adult Survivors
of Child Abuse .......................................................329
Section 24.1—Posttraumatic Stress
Disorder ....................................330
Section 24.2—Questions and Answers
about Memories of
Childhood Abuse .......................334
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