Chicana Movidas: New Narratives of Activism and Feminism in the Movement Era PDF
Preview Chicana Movidas: New Narratives of Activism and Feminism in the Movement Era
CHICANA MOVIDAS THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK CHICANA MOVIDAS NEW NARRATIVES of ACTIVISM and FEMINISM in the MOVEMENT ERA edited by Dionne Espinoza María Eugenia Cotera Maylei Blackwell University of Texas Press Austin Excerpts from the oral history interviews with Gloria Anzaldúa in chapter 5 are copyright © Gloria E. Anzaldúa Literary Trust. Used with permission. Copyright © 2018 by the University of Texas Press All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America First edition, 2018 An image from “University Ideologies Pamphlet” (detail): by permission of ChicanaPorMiRaza.org © The Women’s Studies Board of San Diego State College Requests for permission to reproduce material from this work should be sent to: Permissions University of Texas Press P.O. Box 7819 Austin, TX 78713–7819 utpress.utexas.edu/rp-form ∞ The paper used in this book meets the minimum requirements of ANSI/NISO Z39.48–1992 (R1997) (Permanence of Paper). Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Espinoza, Dionne, editor. | Cotera, María Eugenia, editor. | Blackwell, Maylei, editor. Title: Chicana movidas : new narratives of activism and feminism in the movement era / edited by Dionne Espinoza, María Eugenia Cotera, and Maylei Blackwell. Description: First edition. | Austin : University of Texas Press, 2018. | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2017048975 ISBN 978-1-4773-1558-3 (cloth : alk. paper) ISBN 978-1-4773-1559-0 (pbk. : alk. paper) ISBN 978-1-4773-1682-5 (library e-book) ISBN 978-1-4773-1683-2 (nonlibrary e-book) Subjects: LCSH: Mexican American women. | Women political activists—United States—History—20th century. | Feminism—United States—History—20th century. Classification: LCC E184.M5 C395 2018 | DDC 305.48/86872073—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017048975 doi:10.7560/315583 CONTENTS Acknowledgments ix Introduction: Movements, Movimientos, and Movidas 1 María Cotera, Maylei Blackwell, and Dionne Espinoza Part I. Hallway MovIdas 1. Francisca Flores, the League of Mexican American Women, and the Comisión Femenil Mexicana Nacional, 1958–1975 33 Anna NietoGomez 2. Mujeres Bravas: How Chicanas Shaped the Feminist Agenda at the National IWY Conference in Houston, 1977 51 Martha P. Cotera 3. “Women Need to Find Their Voice”: Latinas Speak Out in the Midwest, 1972 76 Leticia Wiggins 4. “It’s Not a Natural Order”: Religion and the Emergence of Chicana Feminism in the Cursillo Movement in San Jose 91 Susana L. Gallardo 5. Many Roads, One Path: A Testimonio of Gloria E. Anzaldúa 110 Maylei Blackwell Part II. HoMe-MakIng MovIdas 6. La Causa de los Pobres: Alicia Escalante’s Lived Experiences of Poverty and the Struggle for Economic Justice 123 Rosie C. Bermudez 7. Women Who Make Their Own Worlds: The Life and Work of Ester Hernández 138 Maylei Blackwell s 8. Feminista Frequencies: Chicana Radio Activism in the t n Pacific Northwest 159 e t n Monica De La Torre o C 9. Excavating the Chicano Movement: Chicana Feminism, Mobilization, and Leadership at El Centro de la Raza, 1972–1979 174 Michael D. Aguirre 10. The Space in Between: Exploring the Development of Chicana Feminist Thought in Central Texas 189 Brenda Sendejo 11. Visions of Utopia while Living in Occupied Aztlán 207 Osa Hidalgo de la Riva and Maylei Blackwell Part III. MovIdas of CrossIng 12. Forging a Brown-Black Movement: Chicana and African American Women Organizing for Welfare Rights in Los Angeles 227 Alejandra Marchevsky 13. “Tu Reata Es Mi Espada”: Elizabeth Sutherland’s Chicana Formation 245 Annemarie Perez 14. “La Raza en Canada”: San Diego Chicana Activists, the Indochinese Women’s Conference of 1971, and Third World Womanism 261 Dionne Espinoza 15. María Jiménez: Reflexiones on Traversing Multiple Fronteras in the South 276 Samantha Rodriguez and Stalina Emmanuelle Villarreal 16. De Campesina a Internacionalista: A Journey of Encuentros y Desencuentros 290 Olga Talamante Part Iv. MeMory MovIdas 17. Unpacking Our Mothers’ Libraries: Practices of Chicana Memory before and after the Digital Turn 299 María Cotera 18. Refocusing Chicana International Feminism: Photographs, Postmemory, and Political Trauma 317 Marisela R. Chávez 19. La Mariposa de Oro: The Journey of an Advocate 327 Elena Gutiérrez and Virginia Martínez vi 20. My Deliberate Pursuit of Freedom 344 C o Deanna Romero n t e n 21. Manifesto de Memoria: (Re)Living the Movement without Blinking 355 t s Inés Hernández-Ávila Notes 375 Contributors 432 Index 440 vii THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This book represents both a long journey and a labor of love. It is the product of over five years of collaboration, shared vision, and dialogue among three schol- ars who have devoted their careers to visibilizing women of color, indigenous, and Chicana/Latina lives and stories. The numerous virtual and in-person meet- ings—often wedged into conferences or research trips—where we willed this project into existence have become part of the ritmo de nuestras vidas. We stole time from our individual research projects and institutional demands for daylong work sessions, editorial meetings, and many phone conferences in places like Oakland, Los Angeles, San Diego, Ann Arbor, and Denver. In the years that it took to bring this volume into being, each of us also experienced a number of personal life changes, births, and deaths, but we still stayed with the vision of seeing this collaboration through to the book you have in your hands. In the process we made community. This community includes the authors who contributed to this volume and many more who assisted in its creation. Linda Garcia-Merchant was an early collaborator on the project. We reluctantly let her off the hook to begin a doctoral program in English at the University of Nebraska. When we first sat down to brainstorm our vision for the anthology, one of our goals was to create an intergenerational dialogue among those who lived the sto- ries—the activists who made this history possible—and the scholars who have dedicated themselves to documenting and analyzing those histories. We wanted to include community researchers and scholars at all levels of their journeys from graduate students to new faculty and mid-career colleagues. We realized this goal and feel our lives and the book itself are richer for it. We want to thank all of our ix
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