MOSBY ELSEVIER 1600 John F. Kennedy Blvd. Ste 1800 Philadelphia, PA 19103-2899 CHESTNUT'S OBSTETRIC ANESTHESIA: ISBN: 978-0-323-05541-3 PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE Copyright ? 2009, 2004, 1999, 1994 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier's Rights Department: phone: (+1) 215 239 3804 (US) or (+44) 1865 843830 (UK); fax: (+44) 1865 853333; e-mail: [email protected] . You may also complete your request on-line via the Elsevier website at http://www.elsevier.com/permissions . Notice Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience broaden our knowledge, changes in practice, treatment, and drug therapy may become necessary or appropriate. Readers are advised to check the most current information provided (i) on procedures featured or (ii) by the manufacturer of each product to be administered, to verify the recommended dose or formula, the method and duration of administration, and contraindications. It is the responsibility of the practitioner, relying on his or her own experience and knowledge of the patient, to make diagnoses, to determine dosages and the best treatment for each individual patient, and to take all appropriate safety precautions. To the fullest extent of the law, neither the publisher nor the editors assume any liability for any injury and/or damage to persons or property arising out of or related to any use of the material contained in this book. The Publisher Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Chestnut's obstetric anesthesia : principles and practice / [edited by] David H. Chestnut ... [et al.]. -- th ed. p. ; cm. Rev. ed. of: Obstetric anesthesia. 3rd ed. 2004. Includes bibliographical references and index ISBN 978-0-323-05541-3 Dedication To my wife, Janet, and our children, Stephen, Annie, Mary Beth, Michael, and John Mark and Catherine DHC To my sons, Tad and John LSP To my wife, Paulita, our children, London and Hamilton, and my parents-in-law, Deirdre and Oscar LCT To my husband, Lawrence, and our children, Anna, Molly, Leah, and Sofie CAW Contributors Susan W. Aucott, M.D. Alexander Butwick, M.B.B.S., FRCA Assistant Professor of Pediatrics Instructor in Anesthesia Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Stanford University School of Medicine Director, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Stanford, California Johns Hopkins Hospital Baltimore, Maryland William Camann, M.D. Associate Professor of Anaesthesia Angela M. Bader, M.D., M.P.H. Harvard Medical School Associate Professor of Anaesthesia Director, Obstetric Anesthesia Harvard Medical School Brigham and Women’s Hospital Vice Chair for Perioperative Medicine Boston, Massachusetts Director, Weiner Center for Perioperative Evaluation Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Katherine Campbell, M.D. Medicine Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Brigham and Women’s Hospital Sciences Boston, Massachusetts Yale University School of Medicine New Haven, Connecticut Yaakov Beilin, M.D. Professor of Anesthesiology and Obstetrics, Brendan Carvalho, M.B., B.Ch., FRCA, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences MDCH Vice Chair for Quality Co-Director of Obstetric Anesthesia Assistant Professor of Anesthesia Mount Sinai School of Medicine Stanford University School of Medicine New York, New York Stanford, California David J. Birnbach, M.D., M.P.H. Donald Caton, M.D. Professor and Executive Vice Chair of Anesthesiology Professor Emeritus of Anesthesiology Director, UM-JMH Center for Patient Safety University of Florida College of Medicine University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Gainesville, Florida Miami, Florida Paula D. M. Chantigian, M.D., FACOG David L. Brown, M.D. Obstetrician and Gynecologist Chair, Institute of Anesthesiology Byron, Minnesota Cleveland Clinic Cleveland, Ohio Robert C. Chantigian, M.D. Associate Professor of Anesthesiology Brenda A. Bucklin, M.D. Mayo Clinic Professor of Anesthesiology Rochester, Minnesota University of Colorado School of Medicine Denver, Colorado Contributors vii viii Contributors David H. Chestnut, M.D. Roshan Fernando, M.D., FRCA Director of Medical Education Consultant Anaesthetist and Honorary Senior Lecturer Gundersen Lutheran Health System Department of Anaesthesia Professor of Anesthesiology University College Hospitals Associate Dean for the Western Academic Campus London, United Kingdom University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health Michael Froelich, M.D., M.S. La Crosse, Wisconsin Associate Professor of Anesthesiology University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine Edward T. Crosby, B.Sc., M.D., FRCPC Birmingham, Alabama Professor of Anesthesiology Faculty of Medicine Robert Gaiser, M.D. University of Ottawa Professor of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Ottawa Hospital University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Robert D’Angelo, M.D. Carin A. Hagberg, M.D. Professor and Vice Chair of Anesthesiology Professor and Chair of Anesthesiology Section Head, Obstetric Anesthesia University of Texas Medical School at Houston Wake Forest University School of Medicine Houston, Texas Winston-Salem, North Carolina M. Shankar Hari, M.D., FRCA Joanna M. Davies, M.B.B.S., FRCA Consultant in Intensive Care Medicine Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Trust University of Washington School of Medicine London, United Kingdom Seattle, Washington Miriam Harnett, M.B., FFARCSI Kathleen M. Davis, M.D. Consultant Anaesthetist Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology Cork University Maternal Hospital University of Maryland School of Medicine Cork, Ireland Baltimore, Maryland Andrew P. Harris, M.D., M.H.S. David D. Dewan, M.D. Professor of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Professor of Anesthesiology (retirement status) Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Wake Forest University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland Winston-Salem, North Carolina Joy L. Hawkins, M.D. M. Joanne Douglas, M.D., FRCPC Professor of Anesthesiology Clinical Professor of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Associate Chair for Academic Affairs Therapeutics University of Colorado School of Medicine Faculty of Medicine Director of Obstetric Anesthesia University of British Columbia University of Colorado Hospital British Columbia Women’s Hospital and Health Centre Aurora, Colorado Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada David Hepner, M.D. Sunil Eappen, M.D. Assistant Professor of Anaesthesia Assistant Professor of Anaesthesia Harvard Medical School Harvard Medical School Associate Director, Weiner Center for Perioperative Vice-Chair for Clinical Affairs Evaluation Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine Medicine Brigham and Women’s Hospital Brigham and Women’s Hospital Boston, Massachusetts Boston, Massachusetts James C. Eisenach, M.D. Norman L. Herman, M.D., Ph.D. Professor and Vice Chair for Research Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology (retirement status) Section of Obstetric Anesthesia Cornell University Medical College Wake Forest University School of Medicine New York, New York Winston-Salem, North Carolina Contributors ix Paul Howell, B.Sc., M.B., Ch.B., FRCA David C. Mayer, M.D. Consultant Anaesthetist Professor of Anesthesiology and Obstetrics St. Bartholomew’s Hospitals and Gynecology West Smithfield University of North Carolina School of Medicine London, United Kingdom Co-Director of Obstetric Anesthesiology University of North Carolina Hospitals Tanya Jones, M.B., Ch.B., MRCP, Chapel Hill, North Carolina FRCA Jill M. Mhyre, M.D. Smiths Medical Research Fellow in Obstetric Anaesthesia Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology Department of Anaesthesia University of Michigan Medical School Royal Free Hospital Women’s Hospital London, United Kingdom University of Michigan Health System Ann Arbor, Michigan BettyLou Koffel, M.D. Chief of Staff Marie E. Minnich, M.D., M.M.M., Interstate Ambulatory Surgicenter M.B.A., C.P.E. Portland, Oregon Division of Anesthesiology Lisa R. Leffert, M.D. Geisinger Health System Danville, Pennsylvania Assistant Professor of Anaesthesia Harvard Medical School Holly A. Muir, M.D., FRCPC Co-Chief, Obstetric Anesthesia Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Chief, Division of Women’s Anesthesia Massachusetts General Hospital Vice Chair for Clinical Operations Boston, Massachusetts Department of Anesthesiology Duke University Medical Center Karen S. Lindeman, M.D. Durham, North Carolina Associate Professor of Anesthesiology and Critical Naveen Nathan, M.D. Care Medicine Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Instructor of Anesthesiology Baltimore, Maryland Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago, Illinois Elizabeth G. Livingston, M.D. Kenneth E. Nelson, M.D. Associate Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology Duke University School of Medicine Associate Professor of Anesthesiology Durham, North Carolina Section of Obstetric Anesthesia Wake Forest University School of Medicine Alison Macarthur, B.M.Sc., M.D., M.Sc., Winston-Salem, North Carolina FRCPC Warwick D. Ngan Kee, B.H.B., M.B., Associate Professor, Faculty of Medicine Ch.B., M.D., FANZCA, FHKCA, University of Toronto Department of Anesthesia FHKAM Mount Sinai Hospital Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Toronto, Ontario, Canada The Chinese University of Hong Kong Prince of Wales Hospital Andrew M. Malinow, M.D. Shatin, Hong Kong, China Professor of Anesthesiology University of Maryland School of Medicine Errol R. Norwitz, M.D., Ph.D. Director, Obstetric Anesthesiology Associate Professor of Obstetrics, Gynecology and University of Maryland Medical System Reproductive Sciences Baltimore, Maryland Yale University School of Medicine New Haven, Connecticut
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