Chemistry of High-Energy Materials

534 Pages·2022·12.64 MB·English

by  Thomas M. Klapötke

ThomasM.Klapötke
ChemistryofHigh-EnergyMaterials
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Thomas M. Klapötke
Chemistry of High-
Energy Materials
6th Edition
Author
Prof.Dr.ThomasM.Klapötke
Ludwig-MaximiliansUniversity
DepartmentChemie
HausD
Butenandtstr.5–13
81377Munich
Germany
[email protected]
ISBN 978-3-11-073949-7
e-ISBN (PDF) 978-3-11-073950-3
e-ISBN (EPUB) 978-3-11-073610-6
Library of Congress Control Number: 2022935902
Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek
The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed
bibliographic data are available on the Internet at http://dnb.dnb.de.
© 2022 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Typesetting: Meta Systems Publishing & Printservices GmbH, Wustermark
Printing and binding: CPI books GmbH, Leck
Cover image: The cover picture shows the detonation of a primer containing
a new lead-free formulation developed at LMU. © Thomas M. Klapötke
www.degruyter.com
“Wewillnotwaver;wewillnottire;wewillnotfalter;
Andwewillnotfail.Peaceandfreedomwillprevail.”
G.W.Bush,
PresidentialAddresstotheNation,
October7th2001

Preface to this 6th English edition
Everything which has been said in the preface to the first German, as well as in
thefirsttofifthEnglisheditionsstillholdstrue,andessentiallydoesnotneedany
addition or correction. In this revised and extended sixth edition in English, the
manuscript has been updated and various recent aspects of energetic materials
havebeenadded:
(i) Some errors which were unfortunately present in the fifth edition have been
correctedandthereferenceshavealsobeenupdatedwhereappropriate.
(ii) Thefollowingchaptershavebeenupdatedandsignificantlyextended:
RDX/HMX(1.1),newoxidizers(1.2.4),detonations,cratersandshock-waves(1.3),
tertiary explosives (2.2), rocket propellants and double-base propellants (2.4),
empiricalmethods(3),combustionparameters(4.2.3),TXX-50asrocketpropel-
lant(4.2.4),agingandcriticaltemperature(6.7),energeticmaterialsofthefuture
(12),Gurneymodel(7.3),thermobaricweapons(13.1),andairbags(13.6).
(iii)Five new chapters on the detonation velocity of mixtures of secondary explo-
sives with non-explosive liquids (7.5), energetic MOFs (13.8), civil explosives
andboosters(13.9),structuredreactivematerials(13.10)and3Dprintingofex-
plosives(13.11)havebeenadded.
InadditiontothepeoplethankedintheGermanandfirstfiveEnglisheditions,the
authorwouldliketothankMs.JasminLechner(LMU),Mr.PhilipKneisl(Explosive
ExaminersLLC),Mr.JoeBackofen(BRIGSCo.),Dr.Ernst-ChristianKoch(Lutradyn),
Prof.Dr.Jean’neShreeve(UniversityofIdaho),Prof.Dr.StanislawCudziło(Military
UniversityofTechnology,Warsaw),aswellasProf.MariaD.M.C.RibeirodaSilva
and Dr. Ana L. R. Silva (both University of Porto) for many inspired discussions
andhelpwiththissixthedition.
TheauthorwouldalsoliketothankDr.BettinaNoto(deGruyter)fortheexcel-
lentcollaboration.
Munich,January2022 ThomasM.Klapötke
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110739503-201
Preface to the 5th English edition
Everything which has been said in the preface to the first German, as well as in
the first to fourth English editions still holds true, and essentially does not need
any addition or correction. In this revised fifth edition in English, the manuscript
has been updated and various recent aspects of energetic materials have been
added:
(i) Someerrorswhichwereunfortunatelypresentinthefourtheditionhavebeen
correctedandthereferenceshavealsobeenupdatedwhereappropriate.
(ii) Chapters on the critical diameter, colored smokes, delay compositions, sensi-
tivities, gun erosion, TKX-50, liners, thermobaric weapons and nitrocellulose
havebeenupdated.
(iii)FournewchaptersonAging(6.7),AirBags(13.6),SpentAcid(10.4)andToxici-
tyMeasurements(13.7)havebeenadded.
In addition to the people thanked in the German and first four English editions,
theauthorwouldliketothankDr.ManfredBohn(ICT),Dr.JohannGlück(ZF),Dr.
PaulWanninger(PWX),Mr.MoritzMühlemann(BIAZZI),Mr.MarcelHoller(Bayern
Chemie), Ms. Cornelia Unger (LMU) and Ms. Teresa Küblböck (LMU) for many in-
spireddiscussions.
Munich,July2019 ThomasM.Klapötke
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110739503-202
Preface to the 4th English edition
Everything which has been said in the preface to the first German, as well as in
the first to third English editions, still holds and essentially does not need any
additionorcorrection.InthisrevisedfourtheditioninEnglish,themanuscripthas
beenupdatedandvariousrecentaspectsofenergeticmaterialshavebeenadded:
(i) Someerrors,whichwereunfortunatelypresentinthethirdedition,havebeen
corrected,andthereferenceshavealsobeenupdatedwhereappropriate.
(ii) The chapters on shaped charges, visible pyrotechnics, smokes (addition of
P N ), primary explosives (MTX-1), composite and double-base propellants,
3 5
andGurneyenergyhavebeenupdated.
(iii)FournewchaptersonElectricDetonators(5.4),DetonationvelocityfromLaser
Induced Air Shock (9.7), Thermally Stable Explosives (9.8), and Explosive
Welding(13.5)havebeenadded.
In addition to the people thanked in the German and first three English editions,
theauthorwouldliketothankProfessorDr.MohammadH.Keshavarz,Dr.Tomasz
Witkowski,Col.Dr.AhmedElbeih,Cpt.MohamedAbd-Elghany,M.Sc.andLt.An-
dreeaVoicu,M.Sc.formanyinspireddiscussions.
Munich,July2017 ThomasM.Klapötke
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110739503-203
Preface to the 3rd English edition
Everything which has been said in the preface to the first German and first and
second English editions still holds and essentially does not need any addition or
correction. In this revised third edition in English the manuscript has been up-
datedandvariousrecentaspectsofenergeticmaterialshavebeenadded:
(i) someerrorswhichunfortunatelyoccurredinthefirstandsecondeditionshave
beencorrectedandthereferenceshavealsobeenupdatedwhereappropriate.
(ii) The chapters on critical diameters, delay compositions, visible light (blue)
pyrotechnics,polymer-bondedexplosives(PBX),HNS,thermodynamiccalcula-
tions,DNAN,smoke(yellow)formulationsandhigh-nitrogencompoundshave
beenupdated.
(iii)Five new short chapters on Ignition and Initiation (chapters 5.2 and 5.3), the
Plate Dent Test (chapter 7.4), Underwater Explosions (chapter 7.5) and the
TrauzlTest(chapter6.6)havebeenadded.
In addition to the people thanked in the German and first and second English
editions,theauthorwouldliketothankDr.VladimirGolubevandTomaszWitkow-
ski (both LMU) for many inspired discussions concerning hydrocode calculations.
The author is also indebted to and thanks Dr. Manuel Joas (DynITEC, Troisdorf,
Germany)forhishelpwiththepreparationofchapters5.2and5.3.
Munich,October2015 ThomasM.Klapötke
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110739503-204