Chemistry of conjugated monomers in acyclic diene metathesis (ADMET) polymerization

188 Pages·1994·3.7 MB·English

by  Tao, Dehui

CHEMISTRYOF CONJUGATED MONOMERS
IN
ACYCLIC DIENE METATHESIS (ADMET) POLYMERIZATION
By
DEHUI TAO
A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL
OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT
OFTHE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF
DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY
UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA
1994
This dissertation is dedicated to my parents
for their love and support.
1
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This research could not have been successfully completed
without the help of my professors and fellow graduate students.
I
cordially appreciate their kind advice and scientific support.
First, would like to thank the members of my committee, Drs.
I
Kenneth B. Wagener, John A. Zoltewicz, Randolph S. Duran, James
Boncella, and Hendrik J. Monkhorst for their assistance and advice.
Thanks are given to Drs. Jasson Patton, Jim Konzelman, Chris
Bauch, and Scott Gamble for the catalyst synthesis. Sincere thanks
are also given to Drs. K. Brzezinska and Arno Wolf for their
ADMET
instruction in the technique.
The supportive scientific environment on the polymer floor has
always been helpful to me in overcoming difficulties and in making
progress in my research. Thanks are given to the polymer research
groups of Drs. J. R. Reynolds, R. S. Duran, and G. B. Butler, and to the
past and present members of the Wagener group, including Drs. Fabio
Zuluaga, Dennis Smith, Kathleen Novak, and Chris Matayabas, as well
as Chris Marmo, Jasson Portmess, Tammy Davidson, Sophia
Cummings, Dominick Valenti, and Shane Wolf. Special thanks go to
Drs. John O'Gara and Michael DiVerdi for their tireless help and
advice.
A note of appreciation is given to Ms. Lorraine Williams for her
kind help and daily devotion to our work.
1 1
Thanks are given to the National Science Foundation (DMR-
8912026) and the Air Products Corporation for their support of this
work.
Finally, sincere thanks go to my advisor Professor Kenneth B.
Wagener for his support, understanding, and guidance throughout my
entire graduate school years at the University of Florida.
IV
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
jij
ABSTRACT
xii
CHAPTERS
INTRODUCTION
1 1
The Syntheses, Properties and Applications of
Polyacetylene (PA) and Poly(phenylene vinylene) (PPV) 2
Historical Development of Olefin Metathesis Chemistry 8
The Metal Carbene Mechanism 13
Development of Lewis Acid-Free Metathesis Catalysts 18
Ring Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP) and
Acetylene Metathesis Polymerization 23
Acyclic Diene Metathesis (ADMET) Polymerization 29
Study on the Chemistry of Conjugated Monomers
ADMET
in Polymerization 35
2 EXPERIMENTAL 37
Instrumentation 37
Reagents and Purification 38
V
General ADMET Reaction Techniques 40
NMR
Solution Reactions 41
ADMET
Polymerization of 2,4-Hexadiene 2 41
Bulk Polymerization of 2,4-Hexadiene 2 41
Solution Polymerization of 2,4-Hexadiene 2 43
Synthesis and Polymerization of 2,4,6-Octatriene 4 44
Synthesis of Oct-6-ene-3-yne-2,5-diol S 44
Synthesis of 2,4,6-Octatriene 4 45
Bulk Polymerization of 2,4,6-Octatriene 4 46
Attempted ADMET Polymerization of ,3-Butadiene 47
1 Q.
Attempted Bulk Polymerization of
,3-Butadiene 6 47
1
NMR
Reaction of 1,3-Butadiene and
Molybdenum catalyst1q 48
Attempted ADMET Polymerization of 1,3,5-Hexatriene Z 48
Attempted Bulk Polymerization of
1,3,5-Hexatriene 7 48
NMR Reaction of 1,3,5-Hexatriene and
Molybdenum Catalyst1q 49
Synthesis and Polymerization of 2,10-dodecadiene 2. 49
Synthesis of 1 ,8-octylenebis(triphenylphosphonium
bromide) 8 49
Synthesis of 2,10-Dodecadiene 9 50
Polymerization of 2,10-Dodecadiene 9 51
V
i
Syntheses of Poly(acetylene-co-octenamers) 51
Attempted copolymerization of 2,4-hexadiene
and ,9-decadiene 11 51
1
Synthesis of Poly(acetylene-co-octenamer)
1:1 Ratio 12 52
Synthesis of Poly(acetylene-co-octenamer)
1:2 Ratio 13 53
Synthesis of Poly(acetylene-co-octenamer)
1:4 Ratio 14 54
Synthesis of Poly(acetylene-co-octenamer)
2:1 Ratio 15 54
Synthesis of Poly(acetylene-co-octenamer)
4:1 Ratio IS 55
Attempted Polymerization of c/s,c/s-1 ,4-Dicyano-
,3-butadiene 17 55
1
Attempted Solution Polymerization of
cis,cis-^ ,4-Dicyano-1 ,3-butadiene 17 56
NMR
Reaction of cis,cis-
,4-Dicyano-1 ,3-butadiene 17 56
1
Attempted Polymerization of trans, trans-
,4-Diphenyl-1 ,3-butadiene IS 56
1
Attempted Solution polymerization of
trans,transA ,4-diphenyl-1 ,3-butadiene 18 57
NMR
Reaction of trans,trans-
,4-diphenyl-1 ,3-butadiene IS 57
1
Synthesis of Isobutyl-Terminated Polyoctenamer 2Q, 57
Attempted Polymerization of 2,4-Hexadiene 2
with 4-Methyl-1-pentenel9 58
vi
i
Attempted Bulk Polymerization of 2,4-Hexadiene
with 4-Methyl-1-pentene 58
NMR
Reaction of 2,4-Hexadiene and 4-Methyl-1-pentene
with Molybdenum Catalyst Jc 59
Metathesis Coupling Reaction of Functionalized
Terminal Olefins 59
Attempted Metathesis Coupling of Allyl Chloride 21 59
Attempted Metathesis Coupling of Allyl Amine 22 59
Attempted Metathesis Coupling of 3-Butenal
Diether Acetal 23 60
Attempted Metathesis Coupling of 5-Hexen-2-one 24 60
Metathesis Coupling of 4-Methyl-1-pentene 19 60
Metathesis Coupling of 4-Penten-1-yl-acetate 27 61
Metathesis Coupling of Allyltrimethylsilane 29 62
Syntheses of Telechelic Polyacetylenes 63
Synthesis of Hexyl-Terminated Polyacetylene 32 63
Synthesis of Isobutyl-Terminated Polyacetylene 33 63
Synthesis of Phenyl-Terminated Polyacetylene 35 64
Synthesis of Trimethylsilyl Methylene-Terminated
Polyacetylene 22 65
Synthesis of 3-yl-Acetate-propyl-Terminated
Polyacetylene 3Z 65
Syntheses and Polymerizations of Dipropenylbenzenes 66
Synthesis of 1,2-Dipropenylbenzene 39 66
VIII
Synthesis of 1,3-Dipropenylbenzene 4^ 67
Synthesis of Poly(1,2-phenylene vinyiene) 41 68
Synthesis of Poly(1 ,3-phenylene vinyiene) 42 68
Synthesis and Polymerization of 8-Octenyl-
p-propenylbenzene 44 69
Synthesis of 4-Bromo-1-propenylbenzene 43 69
Synthesis of 8-Octenyl-p-propenylbenzene 44 69
Polymerization of 8-Octenyl-p-propenylbenzene 44 70
Syntheses of Poly(phenylenevinylene-co-
octenamers) 71
Synthesis of Poly(1 ,2-phenylenevinylene-co-octenamer)
1:1 Ratio 46 71
Synthesis of Poly(1 ,2-phenylenevinylene-co-octenamer)
4:1 Ratio 4Z 72
Synthesis of Poly(1 ,2-phenylenevinylene-co-octenamer)
1:4 Ratio 48 73
Synthesis of Poly(octenamer-co-
1,2-phenylenevinylene) 42 73
Synthesis of Block Poly(1,2-phenylenevinylene-
co-octenamer) 50 74
Synthesis of Poly(1 ,3-phenylenevinylene-co-octenamer)
1:1 Ratio 51 75
Synthesis of Poly(1,3-phenylenevinylene-co-octenamer)
4:1 Ratio 52 76
Synthesis of Poly(1 ,3-phenylenevinylene-co-octenamer)
1:4 Ratio 53 77
X
I
Metathesis Reaction of Propenylbenzene
and 1-Nonene 77
3 REACTIVITIES OF CONJUGATED DIENES AND
TRIENES IN ADMET POLYMERIZATION 79
The Polymerization Chemistry of Internal
Conjugated Dienes 80
ADMET
Solution Polymerization versus
ADMET
Bulk Polymerization 85
ADMET
Polymerization of an Internal
Conjugated Triene, 2,4,6-Octatriene 87
An Investigation on the Reactions of Terminal Conjugated
Dienes and Trienes with a Molybdenum Catalyst 90
Copolymerization of 2,4-Hexadiene and
a Nonconjugated Diene 92
Conclusions 98
4 SYNTHESIS OF TELECHELIC POLYACETYLENES
THROUGH ADMET POLYMERIZATION 99
Polymerizabilities of Functional Group-Terminated
,3-Butadienes 100
1
A Model Study-Synthesis of Telechelic Polymer
ADMET
through Polymerization of 1,9-Decadiene
and a Monoolefin 108
The Reaction Between 2,4-Hexadiene and
Terminal Monoolefins 110
Investigation on the "Negative Neighboring Group Effect"
in Metathesis Coupling Reactions 113