Chemistry for the Protection of the Environment 3 PDF
Preview Chemistry for the Protection of the Environment 3
CHEMISTRY FOR THE PROTECTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 3 ENVIRONMENT AL SCIENCE RESEARCH Series Editor: Herbert S. Rosenkranz, Department ofE nvironmental and Occupational Health Graduate School ofP ublic Health University ofP ittsburgh 130 DeSoto Street Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Founding Editor: Alexander Hollaender Recent Volumes in this Series Volume 45- GLOBAL CLIMA TE CHANGE: Linking Energy, Environment, Economy, and Equity Edited by James C. White Volume 46- PRODUCED WATER: Technological/Environmental Issues and Solutions Edited by James P. Ray and F. Rainer Engelhardt Volume 47- GLOBAL ENERGY STRATEGIES: Living with Restricted Greenhouse Gas Emissions Edited by James C. White Volume 48- GLOBAL ATMOSPHERIC-BIOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY Ronald G. Prinn Volume 49- BIODEGRADATION OF NITROAROMATIC COMPOUNDS Edited by Jim C. Spain Volume 50- BIOMONITORS AND BIOMARKERS AS INDICA TORS OF ENVIRONMENT AL CHANGE: A Handbook Edited by Frank M. Butterworth, Lynda D. Corkum, and Judith Guzmân-Rinc6n Volume 51- CHEMISTRY FOR THE PROTECTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 2 Edited by Lucjan Pawlowski, William J. Lacy, Christopher G. Uchrin, and Marzenna R. Dudzinska Volume 52- PRODUCED WATER 2: Environmental Issues and Mitigation Technologies Edited by Mark Reed and Stille Johnsen Volume 53- EVALUATING CLIMA TE CHANGE ACTION PLANS: National Actions for International Commitment Edited by James C. White Volume 54- BIOTECHNOLOGY IN THE SUSTAINABLE ENVIRONMENT Edited by Gary S. Sayler, John Sanseverino, and Kimberly L. Davis Volume 55- CHEMISTRY FOR THE PROTECTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 3 Edited by Lucjan Pawlowski, Marjorie A. Gonzales, Marzenna R. Dudzinska, and William J. Lacy A Continuation Order Plan is available for this series. A continuation order will bring delivery of each new volume immediately upon publication. Volumes are billed only upon actual shipment. For further information please contact the publisher. CHEMISTRY FOR THE PROTECTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 3 Edited by Lucj an Pawlowski Technical University of Lublin Lublin, Poland Marjorie A. Gonzales Lawrence Liverrnore National Laboratory Liverrnore, California Marzenna R. Dudziriska Technical University of Lublin Lublin, Poland and William J. Lacy Lacy and Associates Alexandria, Virginia Springer Science+Business Media, LLC L1brary of Congress Catalog1ng-1n-Publ1cat1on Data Chemistry for the protection of the environment 3 1 edited by Lucjan Paw{owski ... [et al.l. p. cm. -- <Environmental science research ; v. 55> "Proceedings of the 11th International Conference an Chemistry for the Protection of the Environment, held September 10-17, 1997, in Cairo, Assuan and Luxor, Egypt"--T.p. versa. Includes bibl iographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-4757-9666-7 1. Environmental chemistry--Congresses. 2. Environmental protection--Congresses. 3. Environmental engineering--Congresses. I. Paw{owski, tucjan. II. International Conference an Chemistry for the Protection of the Environment <11th 1997 Cairo, Egypt, etc.> III. Series. TD193.C4718 1998 628--dc21 98-41248 CIP Proceedings of the Il th International Conference on Chemistry for Protection of the Environment, held September 1O - 17, 1997, in Cairo, Assuan, and Luxor, Egypt ISBN 978-1-4757-9666-7 ISBN 978-1-4757-9664-3 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-4757-9664-3 ©Springer Science+Business Media New York 1998 Originally published by P1enum Press, New York in 1998 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1s t edition 1998 http://www.plenum.com 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Ali rights reserved No part ofthis book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher PREFACE The first meeting in this series was organized by Prof. Pawlowski and Dr. Lacy in 1976 at the Marie Curie-Sklodowska University in Lublin, Poland. The conference dealt with various physicochemical methodologies for water and wastewater treatment research projects that were jointly sponsored by US EP A and Poland. The great interest expressed by the participants led the organizers to expand the scope of the second conference, which was also held in Poland in September 1979. The third and enlarged symposium was again successfully held in 1981 in Lublin, Poland. At that time the participating scientists and engineers expressed their desire to broaden the coverage as well as the title of the conference series. The International Committee, ap- proved the title "Chemistry for the Protection of the Environment" and designated that date of the fourth conference, CPE IV, which was convened in September 1983 at the Paul Sabatier University in Toulouse, France, and was hosted and arranged by Prof. A. Verdier. This conference series included participants from various government agencies, academia, and the private sector, representing industrialized countries as well as emerging nations, both the East and West in an independent, non politica! forum. The central goals of CPE are to improve technology transfer and scientific dialogue, thereby leading to a better comprehension of and solution to a broad spectrum of environ- mentally related problems. The fifth conference was held in September 1985 at the Catho- lic University in Leuven, Belgium. It was hosted by Profs. A. Van Haute and G. Alaerts. CPE V covered topics dealing with treatment technologies and phenomena related to haz- ardous waste and the utilization of fossil fuels. It provided an opportunity for interdiscipli- nary discussions and encouraged the exchange of ideas among international specialists from diverse fields and backgrounds. Under the leadership of Profs. Mentasti and Sarzanini and with the assistance of Dr. Gennero, CPE VI, was held in 1987 at the University of Turin in Italy. Over 150 selected scientific papers and posters were presented to an audience of specialists from 32 nations. This assemblage comprised in equal measure scientists from Europe, the New World, and deve1oping nations. CPE VII, was convened at the Catholic University in Lublin, Poland in 1989. The exchange of information by approximately 200 scientists and engineers made this a memorable scientific occurrence. The scientific committee selected presenters of high in- tellectual and technical merit. The distinguished participants of CPE VII included Po- land's Minister and Deputy Minister for Environmental Protection, U.S. Scientific Council, Israel's Deputy Minister of the Environment, presidents and vice presidents of V vi Preface five universities, representatives of the Academies of Sciences for Czechoslovakia, France, Italy, Poland, and the U.S.S.R., as well as many department heads and acclaimed scientists. CPE VIII was scheduled to convene in Budapest, Hungary in September 1991. But due to international administrative difficulties it was moved to Lublin. Despite this Iast m- inute change of venue, the scientific meeting was voted an outstanding success by the par- ticipants. One of the key note speakers was Dr.Gilbert S. Jackson, Senior Environmental Engineer for Latin America and The Caribbean of The U.S. Agency for International De- velpment. Another was Debra A.Jacobson, Counsel to The Committee on Energy and Commerce ofThe U.S.Houce ofRepresentatives, Washington, D.C. The technical presen- tation were original and informative, the major topics included chemical/physical/biologi- cal/treatment technologies, monitoring modeling and risk assessment. There were over 120 attendees and some 90 scientific oral and poster presentations. Through CPE Interna- tional Committee, Dr. Hartstein ofU.S. Dept. ofEnergy, had the proceedings published in the USA CPE IX held in September 1993 in Alexandria, Cairo/Luxor Egypt and included a joint conference with Dr. Ahmed Hamza and Dr. James Gallup, EPA/U.S.AID's Fourth International Symposium on Industry in the Developing World. The issues covered were an extremely successful workshop on industrial pollution prevention and clean technolo- gies plus cooperation and institutional issues. It too was deemed a great success, highly in- formative by the attendees. The multi-disciplined technical group from 27 countries and international (organization affiliated with the global environmental movement) were a captive like audience aboard a Nile River Crusier. This atmosphere promoted free, open exchanges and dialogues between ali the attendees. Selected papers were published in a volume by the High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria, Egypt. CPE X the 20th anniversary meeting was held in the city of its birth, Lublin, Poland. The spirit of this 20th anniversary not only permeated the program and the international group of experts but was reflected in the various folk music festival, folk dancing and so- cial/cultural programs. Some of the major benefits for the participants were technology transfer and exchange of novel, innovative and alternative treatment methods and informa- tion about activities in other countries related to environmental problems. The meeting was enhanced by the participation of large delegations from both The Peoples Republic of China and the Taiwan Chinese Republic, with papers published under title "Chemistry for the Protection of the Environment, 2" in Environmental Science Research Series, by Ple- num Press. The XI CPE was held in Cairo, Egypt and on the Nile between Luxor and Assuan, including a site visit on the Assuan Dam. Interesting and informative papers and posters were presented on the following topics: adsorption, analytical methods, chemicall biologi- cal/ treatment, groundwater studies, ion exchange, modeling, risk assessment, sludge treat- ment, waste minimization, innovative technology, acid rain, and for the first time during CPE conferences on ISO 14001 - environment management and quality systems. Selected papers are published in this volume. The next CPE XII is scheduled to be held in China just before the end of this millen- nium - in autumn 1999. Prof. Cao Zhihong of Nanjing Institute of Soil Sciences will be a host of that conference. We hope to attract even more attention of scientists from the Asia countries. L. Pawlowski, M. A. Gonzalez, M. R. Dudziriska, W. J. Lacy CONTENTS Section 1: Water Resources--Quality of Surface and Drinking Water 1. Drinking Water Production with a Dua1 Floating Medium-Sand Filter System B. A. Bolto, H. H. Ngo, and S. Vigneswaran 2. Determination of Reduced Sul fur Compounds in the Aquatic Environment by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography and Capillary Electrophoresis 9 Elzbieta Kaniowska, Rafal Glowacki, Grazyna Chwatko, Pawel Kubalczyk, and Edward Bald 3. Metal Speciation in Overflow and Leachate from a Thermal Power Plant Ash Pond: Impact on Receiving Waters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 D. K. Banerjee and Balaram Pani 4. A Possibility of Application of Clinoptilolite for Water Pollution Control 35 Eva Horvathova-Chmielewska Section 2: Air Pollutions--Reduction and Monitoring 5. Effect ofLand Management in Winter Crop Season on Methane Emission from the Following Rice Growth Period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Z. C. Cai and H. Xu 6. Studies on N20 Emissions from Agricultura! Land of Rice-Wheat Rotation System in the Tai-Lake Region of China . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Xu Hua and Xing Guangxi 7. Atmospheric Deposition Measurements in Northem Poland 61 K. B. Mţdrzycka , O. Westling, and S. Strzalkowska 8. Control of Volatile Organics Emission to the Atmosphere during the Solvent Sublation Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 Krystyna Mţdrzycka, and Sebastian Pastewski vii viii Contents 9. A Method ofReducing the S02 Emission from Power Boilers 79 Jan J~drusik, Eugeniusz Kalinowski, and Maria J~drusik 1O . Atmosphere Protection through Energy Loss Minimization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 Eugeniusz Kalinowski, Anna Krawczyk, and Maria Jţdrusik Section 3: New Technologies in Wastwater Treatment 11. Problems ofthe Implementation ofEnvironmental Management System According to IS014001 in Poland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 Robert Pochyluk 12. Innovative Technology for Municipal Waste Utilization for Rzeszow City 99 B. Jamroz and J. A. Tomaszek 13. Biofilm Reactors: A New Form ofWastewater Treatment................... 105 J. A. Tomaszek and M. Grabas 14. Retention Mechanisms in Nanofiltration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 Johan Schaep, Bart Van der Bruggen, Carlo Vandecasteele, and Dirk Wilms 15. Nanofiltration for Removal of Organic Substances from Waste Water: Application in the Textile Industry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 B. Van der Bruggen, J. Schaep, D. Wilms, C. Vandecasteele, and M. Van den Bosch 16. Metal-Ion Selectivity ofPhosphoric Acid Resin in Aqueous Nitric Acid Media . . 135 Akinori Jyo and Xiaoping Zhu 17. Catalytic Oxidation of 1,2-Dichloropropane on Copper-Zinc Catalyst......... 143 Zbigniew Gorzka, Marek Kaimierczak, and Andrzej Zarczytiski 18. Thermocatalytic Treatment of Sulphur Organic Compounds 149 Marek Kairnierczak 19. Simultaneous Electrooxidation of Cyanides and Recovery of Copper on Carbon Fibre . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157 A. Socha, E. Kusmierek, and M. Kaimierczak Section 4: Solid Waste Utilization 20. Neutralization of Hazardous Wastes Combined with Clinker Manufacturing 165 Lucjan Pawlowski, Zdzislaw Kozak, Ryszard Gierzatowicz, and Marzenna R. Dudziri.ska 21. An Attempt to Estimate the PCDF/PCDD Emissions from Waste Incinerated in Cement Kilns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173 Marzenna R. Dudzinska, Zdzislaw Kozak, and Lucjan Pawlowski Contents ix 22. The Use of EDTA to In crease the Leachability of Heavy Metals from Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator Fly Ash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181 Peter Van Herck, Carlo Vandecasteele, and Dirk Wilms 23. Ecologic and Economic Aspects of Utilization of Fly Ashes for Road Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193 Jan Kukielka 24. Solidification/Stabilisation ofHazardous Waste Containing Arsenic: Effect of Waste Form Size on the Leachability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199 Veronika Dutre and Carlo Vandecasteele 25. A New Method for Treatment ofChromium Containing Wastes.............. 205 Z. Kowalski and A. Kozak 26. Agricultura! Use of Sludge in China 211 Cao Zhihong Section 5: Pollution Pathways and Soil Chemistry 27. A Model Study of Soi! Acidification in a Small Catchment Near Guiyang, Southwestern China . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219 Liao Bohan, Hans Martin Seip, Thorjorn Larssen, and Xiong Jiling 28. The Relative Importance of Aluminum Solid-Phase Component in Agricultura! Soils Treated with Oxalic and Sulfuric Acids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245 Xiao Ping Zhu, Marek Kotowski, and Lucjan Pawlowski 29. The Role of Organic Matter and Aluminum in Zinc and Copper Transport through Forest Podsol Soi! Profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255 Marek Kotowski 30. Aluminum Mobilization by Sulfuric and Nitric Acids from Some Polish Soils 265 Xiao Ping Zhu, Marek Kotowski, and Lucjan Pawlowski 31. Soi! and Soi! Water Chemistry at Some Polish Sites with Acid Podzol Soils 283 Marek Kotowski 32. The Role ofCitric, Lactic and Oxalic Acids in Aluminum Mobilization from Some Polish and Chinese Agricultura! Soils . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297 Xiao Ping Zhu 33. Water-Soluble Rare Earth Elements in Some Top-Soils of China . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313 J. G. Zhu, Y. L. Zhang, X. M. Sun, S. Yamaski, and A. Tsumura 34. Ion Exchanger Composites as Humus Substitute for Restoration of Degraded Soils . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321 Mariola Chomczynska, Lucjan Pawlowski, and Henryk Wasqg
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