CHECKPOINT DESIGN GUIDE (CDG) - Airports Council

120 Pages·2009·11.2 MB·English

CHECKPOINT DESIGN GUIDE (CDG)
Revision 1
February 11, 2009
Prepared for the
Transportation Security Administration
Office of Security Technology
Contract Number: HSTS04-05-D-DEP003
Office of Security Operations
Operational Improvement Branch
DISCLAIMER
0.1 DISCLAIMER
The TSA Checkpoint Design Guide has been prepared to help
Headquarters, local TSA, airport stakeholders, and architectural/
engineering firms produce a consistent product. While many answers
to questions that arise in the design process have been addressed in
this document, deviations are sometimes warranted. Seek guidance
from the local FSD and TSA HQ when the guidelines cannot be
applied. As with any guide, previous experience, knowledge of local
and national codes, and professional judgment are to be integrated
with the direction provided herein to develop the optimum design.
2009.02.11 REVISION 1 CHECKPOINT DESIGN GUIDE (CDG) 1
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 INTRODUCTION TO SECURITY SCREENING CHECKPOINTS (SSCPS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
1.1 GENERAL INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.2 STAKEHOLDER COORDINATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
1.3 PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
1.4 AIRPORT OPERATIONAL TYPES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
1.5 CHECKPOINT IMPROVEMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
1.6 DESIGNING FOR THE EQUIPMENT & PROCESS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
1.7 DESIGNING FOR THE FUTURE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
2.0 SSCP ELEMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
2.1 PRE-SCREENING PREPARATION INSTRUCTION ZONE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
2.1.1 TSA Mandatory Signs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
2.1.2 TSA Instructional Signs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
2.1.3 TSA Directional Signs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
2.1.4 TSA Local Signs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
2.2 QUEUE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
2.2.1 Diamond Self Select (DSS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
2.2.2 Registered Traveler Queue Lane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
2.2.3 Travel Document Checker (TDC) & Podium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
2.3 BIN CART . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
2.4 DIVEST TABLE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
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2.5 CARRY-ON BAG SCREENING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
2.5.1 X-Ray Unit (TRX) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
2.5.2 Advanced Technology (AT) X-ray Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
2.5.3 TRX & AT X-Ray Extension Rollers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
2.5.4 AutoEDS Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
2.6 WALK THROUGH METAL DETECTOR (WTMD). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
2.7 BARRIERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
2.8 ADA GATE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
2.9 WHOLE BODY IMAGER (WBI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
2.10 PASSENGER CONTAINMENT & INSPECTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
2.10.1 Holding Station (DOT.J3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
2.10.2 Holding/Wanding Station (DOT.N3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
2.10.3 Hand Wanding Position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
2.10.4 Private Screening Room (DOT.T3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
2.11 ETD BAG SCREENING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
2.11.1 Explosive Trace Detection (ETD) Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
2.11.2 Bottle Liquid Scanner (BLS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
2.11.3 ETD Mobile Cabinet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
2.11.4 Bag Search Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
2.12 CAST & PROSTHETHESIS IMAGER (CPI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
2.13 EGRESS SEATING AREA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
2.14 SUPERVISORY TRANSPORTATION SECURITY OFFICER (STSO) & LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICER (LEO) PODIUM . . . . 69
2.15 EXIT LANE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
2.16 SSCP ADJACENT WALLS & BOUNDRIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
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3.0 STANDARD SSCP LAYOUTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
3.1 SSCP RECOMMENDED SPACING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
3.2 STANDARD MODULE SETS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
3.2.1 TRX Module Sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
3.2.2 AT Module Sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
3.2.3 AT & WBI Module Sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
3.2.4 AutoEDS Module Sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
3.3 LANE COMBINATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
3.3.1 TRX Lane Combinations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
3.3.2 AT and AT & WBI Lane Combinations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
4.0 SSCP POWER & DATA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
4.1 EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
4.2 EQUIPMENT RECEPTACLES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
4.3 RECEPTACLE LOCATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
4.4 IT CABINET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
4.5 Hi-SOC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
4.6 SSCP LIGHTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
4.7 CCTV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
5.0 SAFETY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
6.0 APPENDIX A - SSCP TERMINOLOGY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
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1.0 INTRODUCTION TO SECURITY
SCREENING CHECKPOINTS (SSCPS)
1.0 INTRODUCTION TO SECURITY
SCREENING CHECKPOINTS (SSCPS)
The Transportation Security Administration (TSA) is mandated by Every airport and airport terminal building is unique in physical
law to screen air travelers and their carry-on baggage to ensure that design and operational requirements. No single SSCP solution will
prohibited items are intercepted at Security Screening Checkpoints work for every checkpoint nor will it work for every checkpoint at the
(SSCP) at approximately 450 airports across the United States. Each same airport. Every SSCP location must be reviewed as an entity of
checkpoint represents a point of entry into the aviation system and the overall airport security system. The CDG provides direction and
must meet security criteria. SSCPs were less complex pre-9/11. Ever recommendations on how to locate and size a new SSCP based on the
since TSA was created in 2001, the SSCP’s have evolved considerably following conditions:
through the years and continue to evolve with improved technology
• Facility Infrastructure & Operations
and increased experience. Because the environment is constantly
changing, this Checkpoint Design Guide (CDG) was created to • Current Screening Technology/Equipment
communicate the most current accepted guidelines to those that are • Type of Risk that is Present or Anticipated
involved with checkpoint design.
• Passenger Loads/Number of Enplanements
The intent of this document is to provide a description of the SSCP
Improper SSCP design results in terminal and checkpoint queue
equipment that exists today and the knowledge necessary to locate
congestion, long passenger wait times, flight delays, missed flights,
that equipment within the checkpoint in order to provide the highest
and unnecessary security risks. Proper SSCP design helps avoid
level of security screening and efficiency beginning at the queue and
costly problems for the airport, airlines, and TSA. It also provides a
continuing through the composure area. The information included
smoother and safer experience for the passenger.
in this guide should be used when designing new checkpoints or
reconfiguring existing checkpoints. All designs and reconfigurations This document is divided in to the following sections:
must be coordinated with TSA Headquarters (TSA HQ), the local • Section 1.0 Introduction to Security Screening Checkpoints
FSD and staff, and local airport stakeholders so that the recommended (SSCPs)
guidelines are site-adapted for each checkpoint. This document
• Section 2.0 SSCP Elements
is intended to be a “living” document that is updated when new
technologies or processes are adopted by TSA HQ. • Section 3.0 Standard SSCP Layouts
There are multiple layers of security in place at airports today that • Section 4.0 SSCP Power and Data
facilitate the safe movement of people and commerce throughout the
• Section 5.0 Safety
airport transportation system. Theses layers are roadblocks to potential
terrorist paths because they are equipped to detect and minimize • Section 6.0 Appendix A-SSCP Terminology
threats that could occur within the system. Refer to Figure 1-1.
2009.02.11 REVISION 1 CHECKPOINT DESIGN GUIDE (CDG) 5
1.0 INTRODUCTION TO SECURITY
SCREENING CHECKPOINTS (SSCPS)
Figure 1-1 Twenty Layers of Security
s
r
e e g
Forc Offic enin rs
Terrorist Paths telligence Customs & Border Protection Joint Terrorism Task No-Fly List & Passenger Pre-Screening Crew Vetting VIPR Canines Behavior Detection Officers Document Checker Checkpoint/Transportation Security Checked Baggage Transportation Security Inspection Random Employee Scre Bomb Aprasial Officers Air Marshal Service Federal Flight Deck Officers Trained Flight Crew Law Enforcement Office Hardened Cockpit Door Passengers
In el ral
v e
a d
Tr e
F
2009.02.11 REVISION 1 CHECKPOINT DESIGN GUIDE (CDG) 6
1.0 INTRODUCTION TO SECURITY
SCREENING CHECKPOINTS (SSCPS)
1.1 GENERAL INFORMATION
SSCPs are a critical element to an airport’s overall terminal • Secure exiting for arriving passengers during operational and
design and must be considered in the early stages of planning and non-operational hours of the SSCP
conceptual layout. Performance requirements of a SSCP and airport/
• Persons with disabilities requiring wheelchair accessibility or
airline responsibilities are not included in the CDG. However, this
allowances for other assistive devices
information can be obtained from a number of TSA regulatory
• Minimal interruption or delay to the flow of passengers and
documents.
others being screened
Security screening is intended to deter and prevent hijackings
• Effective and secure handling of goods that cross from the
and the transport of explosive, incendiary or dangerous weapons
non-sterile area to the sterile area
aboard commercial aircraft. This threat does not solely rest with
the passengers. Airport personnel, airline personnel, concession • Protection of SSCP equipment during non-operational hours
employees, and concession delivery personnel are also part of the
• Equipment maintenance requirements
threat and are screened through the SSCP when traveling from the
non-sterile area to the sterile area. Sterile areas are defined as those • Operational flexibility in response to changes in passenger loads,
areas where aircraft access is possible and persons have undergone equipment, operational processes, and security levels
security screening to access the area. Non-sterile areas are accessible • Flexibility to accommodate new technology and processes
to the general public.
• Efficient and effective use of terminal space
When designing a new terminal or checkpoint or reconfiguring an
• Acceptable and comfortable environmental factors, such as air
existing terminal or checkpoint, the following items should be built
temperature, humidity, air quality, lighting, and noise
into the design:
• Safe and ergonomic design
• Preventing persons with prohibited items to board commercial
aircraft • Coordination of power, data, and CCTV equipment at
the SSCP
• Preventing SSCP exit lane breaches
• Contingency plans for power outages and system difficulties
• Availability of TSA office space in the non-sterile or sterile area
for training, paperwork, and breaks. Close proximity to
rest rooms and drinking fountains is preferred.
• Cost-effective labor requirements for TSA and other security
personnel
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1.0 INTRODUCTION TO SECURITY
SCREENING CHECKPOINTS (SSCPS)
1.2 STAKEHOLDER COORDINATION
Key individuals within TSA HQ, local TSA, government agencies, Vulnerabilities specific to a particular airport will dictate where the
airport and airline operations, just to name a few, should be involved checkpoint is situated within the terminal. Some airports may locate
during the SSCP design process. These groups will be able to facilitate the SSCP at or near the entrance of the terminal, making all spaces
dialogue regarding local building codes, mutual aid agreements with beyond the SSCP sterile. Thoughtful consideration must be given to
local law enforcement/emergency responders, and joint commercial/ passenger queuing if the SSCP is placed near the terminal entrance.
military presence which could factor into the checkpoint design. Massing people in public areas should be avoided. The more common
choice is to position the SSCP deeper into the terminal. During
1.3 PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS periods of elevated threat, temporary SSCPs may be needed in the
airport lobbies. Space and available utilities for TSA to tap into
SSCPs are created by combining standard 1 and 2 lane module sets.
should be considered if this is a potential option.
At a minimum, a 1 lane module set will consist of a Walk Through
Metal Detector (WTMD), X-ray, passenger containment and/or Airports with international flights have a higher level of threat thus
inspection, and secondary screening area. A 2 lane module set is requiring support for additional operations than airports with domestic
the same plus a second X-ray. Figure 1-2 illustrates a 5 lane layout flights only. International SSCPs may require additional space to
which is a combination of 2-2 lane module sets and 1-1 lane module support an increased level of security with different combinations of
set. These module sets will be discussed in more detail in Section equipment and processes. Some airports with international flights
3.0. These module sets are created based on standard TSA spacing have a Federal Inspection Service (FIS) SSCP. This is a checkpoint
for passenger ingress/egress, clearance for maintenance activities, that arriving international passengers are required to be screened
and prevention of passenger breaches. These module sets provide through before transferring to a domestic flight. The reason is that
a controlled and contained screening environment where sterile and the U.S. screening process has different requirements and provisions
non-sterile areas are separated from each other. than screening processes in many international airports in other
countries where a passenger may have originated his travel. The
A modular design enables TSA to determine the depth and width
screening requirements for a FIS checkpoint are the same as other
needed for a particular number of lanes. The number of lanes is
checkpoints but the volume varies based on the frequency of inbound
based on the passenger load or the physical space provided by the
international flights.
airport. As the number of enplanements per year increases and
the equipment and technology evolve, the SSCP needs to have the
flexibility for change and the ability to expand. Allowance for
modifications must be included in the Airport Master Plan.
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1.0 INTRODUCTION TO SECURITY
SCREENING CHECKPOINTS (SSCPS)
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