Table Of Content

CHECKLIST OF CHILEAN LICHEN-FORMING AND LICHENICOLOUS FUNGÍ PATRÓN DE LISTA LOS LIQÚENES Y HONGOS LIQUENICOLAS DE CHILE David Galloway Wanda and Quilhot 2 J. 1 \BSTRACT RE Juan Fernández tory. Chii. ñera of Juan Fernández y ; & Galloway Quilhot. .Wí//v V '- & km D.J Gal av Quilhot, Neur ionpatu^mUu^V.). & Walker) Galloway D.J. Quill & humurcticits Walker) Galloway (F.J. D.J. Quilhot. INTRODUCTION forms entire eastern margin, its the bdg m 6880 reaching to (Ojos del Salado). Subject to on Chile, situated the Pacific coast of South the influence of winds, storms and oce¡ America, a narrow long. country is exte km southwards from latitude 17°30'S Cape to presence of acl the floor of g Horn at 56°S. It is bounded by Perú and Bolivia to the Pacific Ocean to the west. and volcanic to the north. by Argentina for much of long eruptionsande its eas- andofclima- tern border. and to the west by the Pacific Ocean. Chile has sovereignty over Easter Island and the ts in Antárctica, stal Juan Fernándf has Antarc- >o arrens. lava fields. gras: Territory between 53° and 90°W. The countn tic Magellanic inforest. tur dominated by Andean which the Cordillera is ural landscapes. park: : SW7 Cromwell London 5BD, Road. Unit, Zealand •' .;.."....: •.'.- |-'. - '- : .' .; : Chile. known many completely in parts. The history of cally by genus and species. Lichenicolous taxa are lichenological exploration and discovery in Chile is indicated by an asterisk (*). Accepted genera are a long and varied one spanning over 200 years printed in bold type followed by a bracketed syste- & (Galloway Marticorena, 1991; Quilhot, 1995). matic arrangement of order and family designa- It now is over 30 years since Gerhard Follmann tion. Citation of genera and dates of publication & compiled his catalogues of the lichens of Chile follow the 8th edition of Anisworth Bisby's (Follmann, 1962, 1963, 1965, 1967) from what Dictionary of the Fungi (Hawksworth et al, 1995). was known then either in the earlier literature or Order and family affiliations of genera follow from own & his extensive field investigations. Since Eriksson Hawksworth and Hawksworth (1993) taxonomy that time, lichen has undergone al great et (1995), and author abbreviations accord with modem & many taxonomic Ñames revisions ci- Kirk Ansell (1992). based on material : te Chilean material, with a number of recent mo- collected from Chile are indicated with a T capital nographs dealing specifically with Chilean lichens bold) (in after the citation, indicating a Chilean ty- (»ee Checklist Bibliography). The present Chec- pe. Literature surveyed for this Checklist was that fes 1416 taxa in 305 genera (comprising current until 31 January 1998. 1386 lichen taxa in 282 genera, and 30 taxa of Any and li- errors omissions are the authors' so- chenicolous fungi 23 number in genera). This The lé responsibility. authors realise that this is in compares with 1415 308 known taxa genera in y Checklist, but feel that in the ab- New & from Zealand (Galloway, Malcolm 1985; Lichen Mycobiota of Chile, i is it Galloway, 2602 1997); taxa in 393 genera modem dlable a of lichen list from Sweden and Norway (Santesson, 1993); ñames for Chile encourage to lichenological inves- 1721 taxa in 267 genera from the United Kingdom We tigations would in this country. be grateful if and Ireland (Purvis et al., 1993); 3799 taxa in 477 errors and omissions could be pointed out to us for known genera from the continental United We States incorporation into a future, updated versión. & and Canadá (Esslinger Egan, 2145 1995); taxa agree with Nimis (1996), that future biodiversity ñ genera from in 3( Italy (Nimis, 2657 1993); taxa inventories, of which this checklist an example. is 393 genera from in Australia íFilson. and made 1996); be available on-line World-Wide- via the 745 taxa 157 genera from in the Venezuelan An- Web, be to continuously updated as both explora- des (Marcano et al, 1996). Since much or Chile unknown is tion of or poorly-known and áreas, local "térra incógnita" still in lichenological terms, the number of genera and of infrageneric taxa will un- hoped follow is to this checklist shortly with a key Chilean to lichen genera, the bibliography (Gallo- studies are undertaken. an & In excellent and way refres- Marticorena, and keys 1991), checklist hing on discussioD lichen checklists and their va- bridging gap modem the a Lichen Mycobiota until Nimis U996: lué 15) Mates checklists can have "... of Chile produced is in the not too distant future. scope and tature, contents, and they shoukj always be judged while considering the si- tuation of and floristic taxonomic ACKNOWLEDGMENTS research that they reflect...They offer an indispensable basis for specimen revisión, for We the critica! re-appraisal of are grateful to the following colleagues known poorly and taxa, for the further exploration and who friends assisted us locating in literature. of under-investigated áreas. In this sense, chec- and many ways in other over Teu- the years: Prof. may and klists should be catalysts new. more for vo Ahti (Helsinki); Prof. Braulio Araya (Viña del intensive investigations. The best criterion for a Mar); Mary Prof. T.K. Arroyo (Santiago); Prof. vxkhsrt. ha eacc«>mph>hcJitN - taskas a facility Dr. Gerhard Follmann (Koln): Gerardo Guz- Sr. to the community scientific the speed of is be- its Valparaíso): pro Dr Hannes (Mün- ii Hertel coming - j outdated...* hoped It is that the publica- . chen); Prof. Henrv Imshaug has! Lansing); Prof. t Magnus Per J0rgensen (Bergen Kruger I/abella of i: studies on Chile's lichens and lichenicolous (Landcare Research. Lincoln Clodomiro Prof. i; fungi. of which all deserve be to far known better Marticorena (Concepción); Moberg Roland Prof. than che> are present. at Muño/ Mélica ¡Santiago): the late In the Checklist taxa are arraneed alnhabeti- Edmundo Prof. Pisano (Punta Arenas); Jorge Prof. Checklist of Chulean G U u, & W. jhc o\\ QüIL D.J. l Redon (Viña del Mar): Dr. Soili Stenroos (Helsin- IV Parte Siictaccae Pcltis:craceae Re\ \ " . ki); Ngaire van der Velde (Landcare Research. ni\. (Santiago) 50-51: 33-75. WAY. Neu Lincoln); and Dr. Mats Wedin (London). D.J. 1985. Flora of ZcalanJ This Neu P.D. Hassdberg, / work was begun when 1988 in the sénior author : was on Museum the staff of the Natural History & in Galloway, Mai D.J. London, and Keeper the of Botany. Prof. Steve graphy of Chilean Blackmore, thanked 17-66. is for his enthusiastic support of Chile-based research Department in the of Bo- tany. This work was also supported by in part FONDECYT Proyecto N° 1960353, and we wish FONDECYT thank to for their help in publishing the Checklist. >re\iations. índex of Fungi Supple- CAB rfonJ: International. 95 REFERENCES pp. Galloway. New í D.J. 1997. Zea- Checklist. kev and We- glossan.. & Eriksson, Hawksworth, O.E. D.L. 1993. Outline New Zealand. Te Papa of the Ascomycetes Tongarewa. VI + I 192 tum 51-217. 12: MlM'l/. SlPMAN. A.. H. & .V •i A Esslinger, Egan, T.L. R.S. 1995. sixth checklist A 6. first checklist of the li- of the lichen-forming, lichenicolous and allied fungí of the Venezuelan Andes. : fungi of the continental United States and Cana- Tropical Bryol. da. Bryologist 98: 467-549. NlMIS, 1993 The P.L. lichens of an annotated Italy. Filson, R.B. 1996. Checklist of Australian lichens and catalogue. Monografía XII. Tormo: \luvo Re allied fungi. Flora of Australia Supplementary gionale Scienze 897 di Naturali. pp. Series No.7. Canberra: Australian Biological Re- NlMIS, P.L. 1996. Towards a checklist of Mediterra- sources Study. 204 pp. nean Bocconea lichens. 5-17. 6: Follmann. G. 1962. Catálogo de los liqúenes de Chi- & Purvis. O.W.. Coppins. James. P.W. B.J.. 1993. Parte Pyrenocarpae. Revista Univ. le. (Santia- I. Checklis; go) 46: 173-203. Brit. Lichen Soc. Bull. 72 (Suppl.): 1-75. FOLLMANN, G. 1963. Catálogo de los liqúenes de Chi- QUILHOT, W. 1995. Liqúenes. J.A. Simonetti. //;: Parte Coniocarri le. II. M.T.K. & Arroyo, A.E. Spotorno Lozada E. (ed) vista Univ. (Santiago) 47: 63-97. Diversidad biológica de Chile. Sai Follmann, G. 1965. Catálogo de los liqúenes de Chi- NICYT. 26-37. pp. Parte Theiotrer le. III. Santesson. The R. 1993. lichens and lichenicolous Revista Univ. (Santiago) 49: 17-65. Sweden fungi of and Norway. Lun Follmann, : G. 1967. Catálogo de los liqúenes de Chi- 240 get. pp. THE CHECKLIST vlagn.. K. Vet. O. Vitterh. Samh. Handl. B 6. ser. f. Nova Th. Acta Regiae .) Fr.. Soc. Sci. Upsal., ser. 3 C.W. Dodge. deceptionis Publ. Antart. Chile 6 Inst. Magn.. Acta Horti Gothob. 64 947 7: 1 ( 1 1. Horti Gothob. a 2: 12 (1925) T. L Ric. Auton. Lie. Crost.: 27 (1852). Malpighia Jatta, 20: 10 1906). ( n. Sci. Nat. Bot. ser. 4, 3: 156 1855) T [non. Ach.] ( Magn., Kongl. Svenska Vetenskapsakad. Handl. 7 367 1929) III. i4».: T. ( ottsberg. Nat. Hüst h 4 453 1926) 2 (Bot.), 13): T. I ( LecLtnora na senû N\ Aun ct'i S. î|nonAch] [.. /«ubaLbosa.M. ug Hue \„u\ \ich Mus HiM <U \at 162(1909) >ei Placodii ;!S89¡. - 948). - 1 ¡ ?trachyticola IUk \\\u\\ \,_ \, U \iJi \lih Him Nat > \ ser 163 (1909) . 1 PUi<-oduan mu-hyticum Hedwigia \lii\l \rg.. 279(1892) 31 f — "929. Weber 1947. 1956.: (1962, 1968); Follmann Redon (1965c); ( am>m a Rasanen f. ochroleuca |:to(Samp.)Zahlbr.. \ Cat. Lidi. L't \ch. orth& \b ore 196 Hawksuoi 9.; *"»' & x Scheid. Maj .'.; H. Seí Scheid.. i Lichenologist Checklist of Chilean licb nom. conv (1X61 Sti/enb. i ) Farmeliaceae] ,: Thunbereía R. Sant.. 2 i Yoshimura(1995): ; [Arthoniales: Willdenow , C.V (Zahlbr.) s au^ruii^ /ahibt Acta Hortí Gothob. 2 19: Artlwnia subditfuut \ar. 2: .. ( W 36S 1968) Follmann. austrolitoralis illdeno\\.ia 4: I. i M. berberina Zahlbr. Skottsberg. Nat. Hist Juan Fernández Easter 2 In C". 165(1890). BiomI calillaría \ uní etud. l.ich 2: . "0 chilensis Follmann. Willdenow la 4: 3 (1968) T. iFée.EssuiCr> Heore.: 54 X24). r t. i I coquimbensis Zahlbr.. Acta Hortí Gothob. 2: 2 1925) T. ( & Wedin LichenologiM 70 1998) T. Hafellner. *coríifoliae 3< >: 1 Fernande/ Fa^.er cyris/ A. Massal. var. meridionalis Zahlbr. In C. Skottsberg. Nat. Hist. Ji i : 324 (1924) T. (11): N\L Scand: 261 (1861). Lieh. dispersa (Schrciá.) NvL *epiphyscia Flora 58: 361 (1875). "2 Haieiin, LicIk logNt 30 1998) T. *flavicantis\\~c¿\< ¿¿ 1 C.W. Dodge, Nos Hedu l<h 1967) ["1966"] T. follmannü a agía 2: 3 1 E-ai E.v.r 56(1824). Fee fuscescens pi : *fuscopurpurea (Tul R Sant Swiisk B T¡d4.r. 54 (4): 501 (1960). í. . hapaliza Nyl., Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. ser. 4.3: 172 (1855) T. Akad. Wiss. Math.-Naturwiss. Cl., Sit/un^ber. Kaiêrl ilicinoides Stein.. & 75 Wedi (1998). *minuta n H K): & & Kor Kondr S. *plectocarpoides (S. & Kondr. Galloway, Acta Bol. Fer Dacnlospora plectocarpoides D.J. S. uJm\plulUirnn S 301 (1993). 2 p* . ^ t . . Nuovo 50 Giorn. Bot. 21: (1889). pulveracea Müll. Arg.. Ital. (Pepo Aeh Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. NyaHandl.: 131 (1808). radíala . Mém. Cherbourg 335 (1854). N\l. Soc. Sci. Nat. 2: 7 - " Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. ser. 4, 3: 170 1855) T. ( , iWedtn&H 81(1998). & S4 Lichenolngist 3o: 1998) T. Hafellner. iin ( Norsk Polarinst. Skr. 185: 36 (1986). stedal, 221(1879). .Flora 62: 1925) T. I 2 i Nov. 148(1888). Zel.: i. E H Nat luán Fernande, La- 3 Zahlbr. In C Ski ttshe . st e¡ Flora 64: 233 (1881). Müll. Arg.. trilocularis turbatula Nyl.. Lich. Fueg. Patag.: 18 (1888). - : -. . - 1 . / -• "- • .: .. v --..,- :..... ; .. , ' ., .. eüner Wedin .fcKond 1998). -at\uk&Gallowa\ 1994): ( i = )Clem. (1909) Lecanactis Roecellaceae] \.rthoniale>: i C.W. Dodge, Nova Hedwigia 326 (1967) ["1966"] T. chilena 12: Dodge (1967). Lit.: Arthopyrenia A. Massal. (1852) 9. Arthopyreniaccael IDothideales: 320 adnexa leptosperma Zahlbr. C. Skottsberg, Nat. Hist. Juan Fernández Easter Isl. 2 (Bot.), 3 (11): var. ta (1924) T. .Vg Mi-. Cap Horn, 172 (1888) T. australis Müll. Sci. Lich.: .. Nuovo 52 brachyspora Müll. Arg. Giorn. Bot. 21: (1889). Ital. ? cinchonae 289(1883). \ marítima 0vstedal. Norsk Polarinst. Skr. 185: 37 (1986). Mém. Genéve planorbis (Ach.) Müll. Arg., Soc. Phys. 30: 27 (1888). Rk punctiformis (Pers.) A. Massal.. 1852). s ( Nuovo subfallax (Nyl.) Müll. Arg., Giorn. Bot. 21: 51 (1889). Ital. MüllerArgo\iensis(1888. Zahlbruckner 0vstedal 1889); 1924, 1925); (1986). Lit.: ( ..Massal. (1852) .W. Dodge, Nova Hedwigia ["1966"] 12: 31 (1967) T. 1 R. Sant.. Symb. Bot. Upsal. 12: 93 (1952) T. n C.W. Dodge, Nova Hedwigia ["1966"] i 12: 31 (1967) T. 1 halophilum Follmann. Willdenowia 373 4: (1968) T. pacificum ~5(1968)T. F,. - spilomatoides (Nyl.) Zahlbr.. Cat. Lich. L'niv. 135 (1922). 2: Arthonia spihimuoides Nyl.. Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. ser. 4, 3: 169 (1855) T. C.W. Hedw tigrense Dodge. 312 ["1966"] N\>\ a igia 2: (1967) T. 1 taediosum (Nyl.) Müll. Arg.. Flora 63: 287 (1880). Arthonia taediosa Nyl., Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. sér.4, 171 (1855)T. 3: & Lit.: Zahlbruckner (1925); Santesson (1952). Dodüü il967>: .llmann (1968c); Makhija Patwardhan (1995); 1 Grube&Giralt(1996). Arthrorhaphis Th. Fr. (1860) nom. cons. prop. 1. 1 Arthrorhaphidaceae] s alpina (Schaer.) R. Sant. In D.L. Hawksworth Lichenologist 106 etal., 12: (1980). citruiella Eur. Flecht.: 126 (1969). * & Hertel (1971);Galloway J0rgensen& Lit.: Bartlett (1986); Santesson (1993); Obermayer (1996); Ihlen (1998). V^pkilia A. Massal. (1852) nom. 2 cons. I Lecanoralev Hymeneliaceae] [ calcárea Mudd. Man. (L.) Br. Lich.: 161 (1861). Nene: It is likelv that the ta\on Le, añora masafuerensis Zahlbr. [In C. Skottsberg, Nat. Hist Juan Fernández Easter lsl. 2 Bot). 3(11 J78 (1924) TJ is also referable to Aspicilia, but as we have not seen material of we hesitate i ): it Lit.: Jaita 1906); Zahlbruckner 1924). ( ( & Asterothyrium 13. Müll. Arg. em. Kalb Vezda (1890) [Ostropales: Thelotremataceae] rotuliforme Mull Are SlooveT, Veroff. Geobot. Zürich 268 Inst. 91: (1986). l Gyakctidt* Rev. Mycol. 65 38: (1888). & Faikas 52); Siprnan (1993). & Galloway, Checklist ofChilean W. Qin lichen: D.J. delapsans Zahlbr. In C. Skottsberg. \at. Hím. Juan Fernández Favter Fl. 2 (Bot.). 3(11): 366 1924) T. < Follmann. Nova Hedwigia <forfge/ 248 ["1967") 14: (1968) T. Rasánen. Ann. filiformis Bot. Soc. Zool.-Bot. Fenn. "Vanamo" 2 57 1932) T. ): ( I < Veta Soc. Fauna. F!, Fenn. 53 175 1922). ): 1 1 ( Whví pallida \rg.>Darb \lüll ¿cbn. Schue. Siidp ne\p >H 1903. 4 49 1 1912). ): , i 1 | ( Patellaria pullidu.W'i^. Sci Cap Horn. Licha 167 (1888) T. pallidocarnea (Müll. Arg. Zahlbr.. Cat. Lich. L'niv. 4: 231 (1926). > *plumbina (Anzi) R. Sant.. Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 54 (4): 5 13 1960). ( rhodochroa D (Hue) \ntaa \ov h Br. Exp. 1910, Nat. Hist. Rept. Bot. 47 1923) 3: 1 , ( sripato I.M. Lamb, Rhodora 126 56: (1954). (Nyl.) Zahlbr.. Sit/ungsber. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Math.-Naturwiss. Cl.. Abt. 1.111(1): 395 Darb., Wiss. Ergebn. Schwed. Südpolarexp. 1901-1903. 4 5 1912). (1 ): 1 ( Zahlbruckner Lit.: ;sson (1952); Follmann (1968a); Aptroot& van Knapp IW3i: Lkman der i i Bacidina Vezda nom. 16. (1991) cons. prop. [Lecanorales: Lecanoraceae] apiahica (Müll. Arg.) Vezda, Folia Geobot. Phytotav 2r 4^2 Vezda Ekman Lit.: 1990); 996). ( ( 1 Bactrospora A. 17. Massal. (1852) [Arthoniales: Roccellaceae] & acicularis (C.W. Dodge) Egea Torrente, Lichenologist 25: 2 Lecanactis acicularis C.W. Dodge, Nova Hedw igia 6: 48! 1 & Egea a Torrente, Lichenologist 235 993 25: T. " < 1 1 & " Egea teck 1980); Torrente (1993, 1994). ( Baeomycetaceae] : Biaroni/'- Ga>. C. Hist. Chile. Bot. S r 1;¡ ramalinellus Ann. Nyl., Sci. Nat. Bot. 146 (1855) ser. 4. 3: T. & Jahns Imshaug 1971 Kalb t.: 1972); Gierl (1993). ( ); ( & Bellemerea Roux Hafellner Cl. (1984) '. ecanoraceae: Porpidiaceae] & alpina (Sommerf.) Clauzade Roux. Cl. Bull. Soc. Bot. Centre-Ouest, ¡ subsorediza (Lynge) R. Sant. In R. Moberg. Thunbergia 2 1987). 5: ( Hertel (1989); Purvis (1992). t.: et al. albopraetextata (C. Knight) Hellb., Bih. Kong Handl. 21 jalead. (3 Lecideu alhnpraerexui N C. Knight. Tratis. Z. Inst. 12: 376(1880). & glaucopa (Hook. f. Taylor) Rapiñen. \nn. Soc. Bot. Z,v! -Bot Fenn. "Vanamo" 2 ( 1 & Lecideu (>luucopa Hook. Ta\lor. Lond. 637 Bot. (1844) f. J. 3: T. Lecideu conflectem \\ 888). 5 (1 Lecideu epL Cap sai. Hora, Lacha 164 1889) T. ( glaucopa ocular \ . "Vanamo" var. Vnn. Bot. Soc. Zool.-Bot. Fenn. 2(1: , - . NAL Lecideu oculuns Fueg Lich. Paiaga 13 (1888) T. Lecideaepuí Cap Miss. Horn, 165 Aj)g., Sci. Lich.: (lí \ Lecideaconfl, Nuovo Giorn Bot \xg.. Ital : possible that the taxon Cap ite: It is / ;\1¡>n. Sci. Horn. Licha r 1 .:Printzen(I995). [Lee m. rales Biatorellaceae] austroshetlandica C.W. Dodge, Trans. Amer. MicroscOp. 512 Soc. 84: 1965) T. ( & & Dodge Lit.: (1965a, 1965b); Hafellner Casares-Porcel (1992); Aptroot van der Knapp í Mas> Biatorina A. :. C.W. Dod chilena .Ann. Sci.Nat. Bot. ser. 3. 18: 311 (Mont.) Mont. In C. Gay, Hist. Cl / int. Tre\ iv. Spighe e Paglie: S * i > ' i o/Wáiitó Zahlbr. In C. Skottsberg. & Hafeiiner Bellem. : & Bryoria Brodo Hawksw. D. (1977) neliaceae] & chalybeiformis Brodo D. Hawksv Opera (L.) Bot. 42: 81 /., & HawUworth Brodo Hawksw, 1972): 3rth(1977);Redon( .: i De Buellia Not. (1846) xanoralevPhxsc.aceae] issier2.App. 71 1: ( . andícola Miill. Are. In Zahlbr., Acta Hoi ¿m augustala \ Résu M tintilla ,'- -. \ in RímiIi V.i Bélgica. Lich.:2f i >. ¡chwed. Südpolaj ' >•'"' . - '•• - F - " - -•' • '.:. .: \ .. -. .:. - janana Nuov. Bo Müll. Arg.. Giorn. jorgensis Zahlbr., Acta Horti Gotho U kitensis (Stirt.) Zahlbr.. Cat. Lich. Lccidea kitensis Proc. Phil Stirt.. latemarginata Darb., Wiss. Ergebn. melanostola (Hue) Darb.. Br. Ántarc nelsonii Darb.. Wiss. Ergebn. Scinu olivácea Müll. Arg., Verhandl. Zool. papillata (Sommerf.) Lichens Tuck... paschalis Zahlbr. In C. Skottsberg.. ] Cl perlata (Hue) Darb.. Br. Antarct. pirionii de Lesd.. Bull. Soc. Bot. Fra pycnogonoides ("lena Nova") Darb.. Br. Antarct. E\p. 1910. Nat. Hist. Rep. Bot. 41 1923). (3): I ( russa Darb., Br. Antarct. ('Terra Nova")Exp. L910, Nat Hist Rep. Bot. 64(1923). (3): 1 Sw. saxatiiis Schaer. Korb.. Lich. Gemí.: 228 (1855). ( ) 'ttvlvig. Nat. ¡í'-¡ Juan Fernaiukv Fa-tcr 1-1. 2 Bot. 3( 400 1924) T. • i. i: i 1 I i ¡paria Schaer. An/i. Cat. Lich. Sondr.: 87(1860). i i Mudd. Man. 216 stellulata (Taylor) Brit. Lich.: 1861 ). ( subdisciformis Leight amei 906) T. S ain. ar. 2 • 1 I l i subpedicellata iHu¿> Darb Br Antarct. ("Terra Nova") E\p. 1910. Nat. Hist. Rep. Bot. 64 1923). (3): . 1 ( Malpighia 20: 1906) T. is Jatta. 1 I ( s C.W. Dodge. Nova Hedw igia 2: 35 1967) [•1966"] T. 1 1 I Zahlbr.. Acta Horti Gothob. 21 (1925) T. r 2: )06): Zahlbruckner 1917. 1924. 1925. 1926); Maenu-«>n 1955): Dodge 1967): Follmann (1965c): ( i i & Redon Jacobsen Kappen Scheidegger 1985): (1988): (1993). ( ; (1861) fassal. ecanorale-: Sphaerophoraceae] agnetae Wedin. Mycotaxon 53: 33 1985). ( Mem \ \Lt--al. Imp. Reale i-i. \ eneto Sci. 10: 76 1861 ( ). dorfg« (Ohlsson) Wedin. P1.Svm.Evo1. 187:232(1993). SphaeroplumisÁKhei^: (1992)T. 24: 121 -ui>t O W Sw. imshaugii N- ed E\ol 1S 233(1993). Pl insigne (Laurer) Wedin. S_w. E\ol. 187: 233 1993). Pl. i ssom Wedin. S\ Fv S7: 233 1993). P!. --. ol ! ( macrocarpus Ohlsson. In D.J. Gallouav. N.Z Bot 21: 197 1983). J. ( um (C.W. Dodge) Wedin. Svst. Fvol. 187:234(1993). Pl. vhc paniMonica C.W. Dod-e. Nova Heduig,a 16: 4S4 (1968) T. í»c nipimriis paraaonicus (C.W. Dod-jciOhh- In D.J Gallowav. N.Z. J. Bot. 21 197(1983). ,,i : um Sw. iI.M. Lumb) Wedin. E\ol. IS7: 234(1993). P!. 2:305(1855). Zel. W :Tibell(1987. 1994): Hale (1974 í ; Gayana Bot. 55(2), 1998. Zo goebelii Cootr. Bot. 32: 14 i 1976). ( imshtmgi 480(1974). isidiza (Nyl.) Hale, Phytologia 480 28: (1974). & tabacina (Mont. Bosch) Hale, Phytologia 481 28: (1974) Hale Lit.: (1976); Elix (1994a). Byssocaulon Mont. (1835) [Arthoniales: Chrysotrichaceae] candidum Müll. Nuov. Arg., Giorn. Bot. 2 49 = Ital. 889). Sagenidiu 1 : ( 1 niveum Mont., Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. 355 = ser. 2, 3: (1835) Sagenidium Montagne Lit.: (1835); Follmann (1968a). Lcvunumlev Pilocarpaceae] 1 leucoblepharum (Nyl.) Vain. em. R. Symb. Sant., Bot. Upsal 12" 483 (1952) Santesson & Lit.: Vezda (1952); (1987); Kalb Vezda & Malcolm (1990); Vezda (1995); Calicium 29. Pers. (1794) [Caudales: Caliciaceae] abietinum Pers.. Tent. Disp. Meth. Funs. (Suppl.): 59 (1797) adspersum Pers. ssp. australe Tibell. Pufc : (1984) , glaucellum Ach., Methodus: 97 — (1803). hyperelloides r Nyl., Syn. Meth. OJ(180 -.t.., ivicui. lLiiccuh.. 153 .jjr.i. i1;: (1860). - salacinum Pers., Usteri Ann. Bot. 20 7: (1794). (Müll. Arg.) Vezda, Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 215 21: Vezda ( (1986). : 31.CaloplacaTh.Fr. (1860) Telosch .- . X Mím NM W'TJ- S0C Sd t Nal Ch«bo U rg 37: ' - -ebn. Schwed. ' - 4íin-9nQn^ SüdpolarexD camella \ Cü e ' ! ' Í T 1888) Blastema , camella (Nyl.) Müll. Nuovo Arg., Giorn. Bot. 21 Ital • 48 Í1889^ V ^S^S^Í^í^S^V NaL ^^^¿/^TÍJS° I HÍSt RCP BOt 54 , íl923) 3: T?2^^Q% \?• " - - - «fruía . (Hoff'rr. • -, -...',.,„„ .. ' £ : - ; . . : . *?*** - ^ Easter coramgera 2 (Bot.), 394 3(11): (1924) T. j "*roM n,v ser No c H - "• I 5-6: 9 933 - : ; :. ^ ( 1 ,. elegantissUm ( 238(1931) J r nannia C}N 0l f Dodge No% w*n t n í^ t fP !¡ T fernandeu-anc - " (Zahlbr.) Follmann & ,¿i ** r Red ] Wa¿2% ULS7(6>46(1917)T iSKT^l^^íS^ ^2230860. . MU!?"* *87(I862). u ' '-"."- ;! ; ':;::r ' - »«waOlech&S0chtmg- - : ¿3)T 120