Characterization of acrylic based latex blend coatings and thermodynamics of their deformation.

271 Pages·2015·11.68 MB·English

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Doctoral Dissertations 1896 - February 2014
1-1-1998
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Naveen, Agarwal
University of Massachusetts Amherst
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Agarwal, Naveen,, "Characterization of acrylic based latex blend coatings and thermodynamics of their
deformation." (1998). Doctoral Dissertations 1896 - February 2014. 980.
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CHARACTERIZATION
OF ACRYLIC BASED LATEX BLEND
COATINGS AND THERMODYNAMICS
OF THEIR DEFORMATION
A
Dissertation Presented
by
NAVEEN AGARWAL
Submitted to the Graduate School of the
University of Massachusetts Aniherst in partial fulfillment
of the requrirements for the degree of
DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY
September 1998
Department of
&
Polymer Science Engineering
Naveen Agarwal September 1998
All Rights Reserved
CHARACTERIZATION
OF ACRYLIC BASED LATEX BLEND
COATINGS AND THERMODYNAMICS
OF THEIR DEFORMATION
A
Dissertation Presented
by
NAVEEN AGARWAL
Approved as to style and content by:
Richard J. Farris, Co-Chairman
David A. Hoagland, Co~Chairman
Michael F. Doherty, Outside Member
Richard J. Farris, Department Head
h
Polymer Science Engineering
This dissertation is dedicated to my brother Rajendra, and his wife
Kumud, me
for giving the wings to soar high into the skies of
self-discovery.
0
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Words cannot express my deep gratitude for Prof. Richard Farris, who has been
a guiding light, and a source of constant inspiration, in my journey through graduate
school. I have enjoyed, tremendously, his hands-off approach to higher learning, and
have benefitted from his vast knowledge of materials and their properties. am
I
grateful to him for challenging me in his subtle ways and letting me learn on my own,
so that I could develop the confidence to carry out my research independently. I shall
be forever indebted to him for providing financial and moral support throughout the
last five years.
I would like to thank Prof. David Hoagland, Prof. Michael Doherty and
Dr. Steve Mazur (from DuPont company) for their invaluable contributions on my
research committee. Their interest in my work and numerous suggestions along its
course have been extremely helpful in bringing this research to completion. Special
thanks to Dr. Mazur for providing the financial support for this research from
DuPont through our Center for University of Massachusetts Industry Research on
Polymers (CUMIRP) program. He also supplied the acrylic latices for this research.
Dr. Richard Lyon deserves a special mention for being a source of inspiration and
helpful comments and critical discussions. I am deeply respectful of his ingenuity
in constructing the first stretch calorimeter and carrying out the pioneering work
on rubber thermodynamics in our labs nearly two decades ago. He designed the
latest version with improved sensitivity and ease of operation, and I consider myself
fortunate to be able to use it in my work. His interest in the experiments on the
V
new calorimeter, and enthusiasm about my work, has been a tremendous motivating
factor.
am
I grateful to several members of the Polymer Science k Engineering support
staff for their help with routine, although critical, functions in the department. Many
thanks to Eileen Besse and Sophia Michelson for academic and purchasing activities;
Norm Page, John Domian and Jack Hirsch for general support; Andre Mel'cuk for
computer help and Lou Raboin for microscopy support.
Folks in the Farris group, past as well as present, have provided constant support,
constructive criticism, suggestions and times filled with pure fun. I am grateful
to Kapil Sheth, David Macon, Shalabh Tandon, Meredith White, Michael Chen,
Duangdao Atong, Gene Kim, Jennifer Stewart, Meng Hseih, Arun Raman, Ru Feng,
Dan Mowery and Jeremy Morin. Special thanks to Yuanqiao Rao for many critical
discussions and happy times. Her commitment to science and excellence in higher
research has been a source of inspiration to me.
Graduate school was also the place where new friendships flourished that provided
ready escape to the tortured soul many times. I am indebted to Greg Scheuneman,
Tom Hahn, Jennifer David, Howard Bowman, David Flanagen and Jeffery Linhardt
for their friendship and support through difficult periods.
I am extremely grateful to my family. I cherish the love and trust of my parents
my
and brother and his wife. have learned a great deal about unconditional love
I
from them for they gave me the freedom to pursue my goals and make an attempt to
discover my own self. Their genuine love has brought me incredibly closer to them
despite the physical distance.
VI
I also want to thank my special Turkish friend Elif, who has finally brought a
sense of purpose to this whole thing.
Last, but not the least, I am grateful to the great American tradition of academic
excellence, and the Commonwealth of Massachusetts for giving me this opportunity,
and making me feel at home away from home.
vii
ABSTRACT
CHARACTERIZATION OF ACRYLIC BASED LATEX BLEND
COATINGS AND THERMODYNAMICS
OF THEIR DEFORMATION
SEPTEMBER
1998
NAVEEN AGARWAL,
B. Tech., LLT. (DELHI)
M. GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
S.,
Ph. D., UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AMHERST
Directed by: PROFESSOR R. J. FARRIS
Co-chair: Professor D. A. Hoagland
A
complete characterization of the mechanical, thermal and physical properties of
acrylic-based latex blends films and a thermodynamic analysis of their deformation
is presented in this study. These blends are composed of a glassy poly(methyl
=45
methacrylate-co-ethyl acrylate) (Tg °C and a rubbery poly(methyl
),
=
methacrylate-co-butyl acrylate) (Tg -5 °C ). Blend films are prepared, in
different proportions of the two copolymers, by drying at temperatures high enough
to ensure complete coalescence of the latex particles.
Thermo-mechanical characterization provides evidence for the phase separation
of the blend components by the existence of two distinct glass transitions. Effective
blend moduli and Poisson's ratios exhibit sigmodial shaped profiles with composition,
indicating the transformation of a continuous rubbery phase, with dispersions of
viii