Changing Work Relationships in Industralized Economies PDF
Preview Changing Work Relationships in Industralized Economies
CHANGING WORK RELATIONSHIPS IN INDUSTRIALIZED ECONOMIES Advances in Organization Studies Advances in Organization Studies includes cutting-edge work in comparative management and intercultural comparison, studies of organizational culture, communication, and aes thetics, as well as in the area of interorganizational collaboration — strategic alliances, joint ventures, networks and collaborations of all kinds, where comparative, intercultural, and communicative issues have an especial salience. Purely theoretical as well as empirically based studies are included. General Editors Stewart Clegg School of Management University of Technology Sydney Quay Street, Haymarket P.O.Box 123 Broadway, NSW 2007 Australia [email protected] Alfred Kieser University of Mannheim D 68 131 Mannheim Germany [email protected] Volume I I§ik Urla Zeytinoglu (ed.) Changing Work Relationships in Industrialized Economies Changing Work Relationships in Industrialized Economies Edited by I şIK URLA ZEYTINOGLU McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario JOHN BENJAMINS PUBLISHING COMPANY AMSTERDAM/PHILADELPHIA The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Sciences — Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1984. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Changing work relationships in industrialized economies / edited by I§ik Urla Zeytinoglu. p. cm. -- (Advances in organization studies, ISSN 1566-1075 ; . 1) Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Hours of labor, Flexible. 2. Part-time employment. 3. Work environment. 4. Employees-Effect of technological innovations on. I. Zeytinoglu, I§ik U. II. Series. HD5109.C478 1999 33i.25'72--DC2i 99-046718 ISBN 90 272 3298 9 (Eur.) / 1 55619 744 6 (US) (Pb: alk. paper) CIP © 1999 - John Benjamins Publishing Company No part of this book may be reproduced in any form, by print, photoprint, microfilm, or any other means, without written permission from the publisher. John Benjamins Publishing Co. • P.O.Box 75577 • 1070 AN Amsterdam • The Netherlands John Benjamins North America • P.O.Box 27519 • Philadelphia PA 19118-0519 • USA Contents Preface vii Introduction and Overview I§ik Urla Zeytinoglu ix 1 Changing Work Relationships: Enacting Gender, Race / Ethnicity and Economic Class I§ik Urla Zeytinoglu and Jacinta Khasiala Muteshi 1 PART I. CHANGING WORK RELATIONSHIPS IN THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA 2 Flexible Work Arrangements: An Overview of Developments in the United States Stanley Nollen 21 3 Flexible Work Arrangements: An Overview of Developments in Canada I§ik Urla Zeytinoglu 41 4 Part-Time Employment and the Worker Daniel G. Gallagher 59 5 Telework and Teleworkers Andrew Templer, Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen, Kay Devine, and Norm Solomon 77 PART II. CHANGING WORK RELATIONSHIPS IN THE EUROPEAN UNION 6 Changing Work Relations in the European Union Lei Delsen 99 v vi Contents 7 European Employment Policies' Potential Impact on Female Workers Danièle Meulders and Robert Plasman 115 8 Regulating the Distanced Work Force: Self-Employment in the United Kingdom Jan Druker 129 PART III. CHANGING WORK RELATIONSHIPS IN AUSTRALIA 9 Changing Work Relationships in Australia Michael Quinlan and Claire Mayhew 147 PART IV. VIEWS OF THE STAKEHOLDERS 10 A Union Perspective on Emerging Trends in the Workplace Louisette Hinton, Josefina Moruz, and Cheryl Mumford 171 11 Between Strategic Choice and Adaptation: The Role of UNICE in the European Social Dialogue Carsten StrQby Jensen (translated by Seán Martin) 183 12 Atypical Forms of Work in the European Union: Experiences at the Establishment Level Harald Bielenski and Eberhard Köhler 210 13 International Policymaking: The ILO Standards on Changing Work Relationships I§ik Urla Zeytinoğlu 219 Appendix: European Framework Agreement on Part-Time Work 239 Biographical Sketches of the Contributors 245 Index 249 Preface For more than a decade, the contributors of this book have been meet ing at various sessions of the International Industrial Relations Associa tion's world congresses, at its European regional meetings, and at the Canadian and the U.S. Industrial Relations Association meetings to share, learn, and enhance our knowledge on developments in changing work relationships in each other's countries. This book is a result of those informal meetings at conferences. The publication of this book could not have been possible without the cooperation of many individuals. Contributing authors fulfilled the chal lenging task of writing detailed and comprehensive, but at the same time concise chapters on their topic. Chapters are primarily based on each author's research program, but they also include a review of the recent literature on their topic. Contributing authors worked diligently in pro ducing a comprehensive book in its coverage of changing work relation ships, in its examination of demographic factors for workers in such work arrangements, and in its examination of the topic within the context of economic restructuring. The book brings together researchers from a vari ety of backgrounds and regions. Our goal was to produce a scholarly book intended for academic audi ences, practitioners interested in research, and policymakers of govern mental and intergovernmental organizations. I thank the contributing authors for their cooperation and dedication to the project. I would also like to thank the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada for supporting my research program on flexible employment strategies and nonstandard work. Without their support this book could not have come to fruition. Lastly, I would like to thank the series editor, S. R. Clegg, and the editorial committee of the de Gruyter Series in Orga nization, and the editorial staff of Aldine de Gruyter, who gave us the opportunity to develop and produce this book. I§ik Urla Zeytinoglu Introduction and Overview I§ik Urla Zeytinoglu In the last decade, there have been major changes in work relationships in the restructuring environments of industrialized economies. The re structuring of national economies can be attributed to the phenomenal growth of the service sector, the increase in and spread of the use of telecommunications technologies, and the expanding internationalization of capital. In response, enterprises have reorganized and begun to employ labor contracts that are currently conceived in the literature as "nonstan dard," "atypical/' "contingent," "alternative," or "flexible" work. Data from industrialized economies indicate that in the last decade most of the newly created jobs were in the nonstandard work category, in the form of part-time, temporary/casual, telework, or self-employment without employees. Discussions on the future of work, in academia, be tween policymakers, and in the popular media inevitably focused on these changing work relationships and their impact on workers, work environments, and society in general. This book examines such develop ments in changing work relationships. PURPOSE, GOAL, AND COVERAGE OF THE BOOK The purpose of this book is to examine major forms of flexible work arrangements, discuss their policy implications, and provide recommen dations for better work relationships. The book covers the interrelation ships of flexible work arrangements with demographic variables and economic restructuring as experienced in industrialized countries/ regions of the world. It also provides an analysis of the impact of flexible work arrangements on the individual worker, and gives the views of unions, employers, and intergovernmental organizations on the topic. The primary goal of the book is to bring together the knowledge and experiences of various countries/regions of the world on flexible work arrangements. As much as data permit, we discuss the impact of these work forms on women, youth, racial / ethnic minority workers, and those of low economic class. These issues are examined by researchers from ix
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