Challenges in Mechanics of Time-Dependent Materials, Volume 2: Proceedings of the 2014 Annual Conference on Experimental and Applied Mechanics PDF
Preview Challenges in Mechanics of Time-Dependent Materials, Volume 2: Proceedings of the 2014 Annual Conference on Experimental and Applied Mechanics
Conference Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Mechanics Series H. Jerry Qi · Bonnie Antoun · Richard Hall · Hongbing Lu Alex Arzoumanidis · Meredith Silberstein · Jevan Furmanski Alireza Amirkhizi · Joamin Gonzalez-Gutierrez Editors Challenges in Mechanics of Time-Dependent Materials, Volume 2 Proceedings of the 2014 Annual Conference on Experimental and Applied Mechanics Conference Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Mechanics Series Series Editor Tom Proulx Society for Experimental Mechanics, Inc. Bethel, CT, USA For furthervolumes: http://www.springer.com/series/8922 H. Jerry Qi (cid:129) Bonnie Antoun (cid:129) Richard Hall (cid:129) Hongbing Lu Alex Arzoumanidis (cid:129) Meredith Silberstein (cid:129) Jevan Furmanski Alireza Amirkhizi (cid:129) Joamin Gonzalez-Gutierrez Editors Challenges in Mechanics of Time-Dependent Materials, Volume 2 Proceedings of the 2014 Annual Conference on Experimental and Applied Mechanics Editors H.JerryQi BonnieAntoun GeorgiaInstituteofTechnology SandiaNationalLaboratories Atlanta,GA,USA Livermore,CA,USA RichardHall HongbingLu AirForceResearchLaboratory TheErikJohnsonSchoolofEngineering,EC-38 Wright-PattersonAFB,OH,USA UniversityofTexas-Dallas Dallas,TX,USA AlexArzoumanidis Psylotech,Inc. MeredithSilberstein Evanston,IL,USA CornellUniversity Ithaca,NY,USA JevanFurmanski ExxonMobil AlirezaAmirkhizi LosAlamos,NM,USA UniversityofCalifornia SanDiego,LaJolla,CA,USA JoaminGonzalez-Gutierrez UniversityofLjubljana Ljubljana,Slovenia ISSN2191-5644 ISSN2191-5652(electronic) ISBN978-3-319-06979-1 ISBN978-3-319-06980-7(ebook) DOI10.1007/978-3-319-06980-7 SpringerChamHeidelbergNewYorkDordrechtLondon LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2012952717 #TheSocietyforExperimentalMechanics,Inc.2015 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpartofthematerialisconcerned,specificallytherightsof translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or informationstorageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilarmethodologynowknownorhereafterdeveloped. Exemptedfromthislegalreservationarebriefexcerptsinconnectionwithreviewsorscholarlyanalysisormaterialsuppliedspecificallyforthepurposeof beingenteredandexecutedonacomputersystem,forexclusiveusebythepurchaserofthework.Duplicationofthispublicationorpartsthereofispermitted onlyundertheprovisionsoftheCopyrightLawofthePublisher’slocation,initscurrentversion,andpermissionforusemustalwaysbeobtainedfrom Springer.Permissions for use may be obtained throughRightsLinkat the Copyright ClearanceCenter. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respectiveCopyrightLaw. Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,servicemarks,etc.inthispublicationdoesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecific statement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfromtherelevantprotectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. Whiletheadviceandinformationinthisbookarebelievedtobetrueandaccurateatthedateofpublication,neithertheauthorsnortheeditorsnorthe publishercanacceptanylegalresponsibilityforanyerrorsoromissionsthatmaybemade.Thepublishermakesnowarranty,expressorimplied,with respecttothematerialcontainedherein. Printedonacid-freepaper SpringerispartofSpringerScience+BusinessMedia(www.springer.com) Preface Challenges in Mechanics of Time-Dependent Materials, Volume 2: Proceedings of the 2014 Annual Conference on Experimental and Applied Mechanics represents oneof the eight volumes oftechnical papers presented at the SEM 2013 SEMAnnualConference&ExpositiononExperimentalandAppliedMechanics,organizedbytheSocietyforExperimental Mechanics and held in Greenville, SC, June 2–5, 2014. The complete proceedings also include volumes on: Dynamic BehaviorofMaterials;AdvancementofOpticalMethodsinExperimentalMechanics;MechanicsofBiologicalSystemsand Materials;MEMSandNanotechnology;Composite,Hybrid,andMultifunctionalMaterials;Fracture,Fatigue,Failureand DamageEvolution;andExperimentalandAppliedMechanics. Eachcollectionpresentsearlyfindingsfromexperimentalandcomputationalinvestigationsonanimportantareawithin ExperimentalMechanics,theMechanicsofTime-DependentMaterialsbeingoneoftheseareas. This track was organized toaddress constitutive, time (or rate)-dependent constitutive, andfracture/failure behavior of a broad range of materials systems, including prominent research in both experimental and applied mechanics. Papers concentratingonbothmodelingandexperimentalaspectsofTime-DependentMaterialsareincluded. Thetrackorganizersthankthepresenters,authors,andsessionchairsfortheirparticipationandcontributiontothistrack. ThesupportandassistancefromtheSEMstaffisalsogreatlyappreciated. Atlanta,GA,USA H.JerryQi Livermore,CA,USA BonnieAntoun Wright-PattersonAFB,OH,USA RichardHall Dallas,TX,USA HongbingLu Evanston,IL,USA AlexArzoumanidis Ithaca,NY,USA MeredithSilberstein LosAlamos,NM,USA JevanFurmanski SanDiego,LaJolla,CA,USA AlirezaAmirkhizi Ljubljana,Slovenia JoaminGonzalez-Gutierrez v Contents 1 UnimorphShapeMemoryPolymerActuatorsIncorporatingTransverse CurvatureintheSubstrate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 JasonT.CantrellandPeterG.Ifju 2 Yield Criterion for Polymeric Matrix Under Static and Dynamic Loading. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 B.T.WernerandI.M.Daniel 3 InvestigatingUncertaintyinSHPBModelingandCharacterizationofSoftMaterials. . . . . . . .. . . . . . .. 21 ChristopherCzech,AaronJ.Ward,HangjieLiao,andWeinongW.Chen 4 DiffusionofChemicallyReactingFluidsthroughNonlinearElasticSolids and1DStabilizedSolutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 RichardHall,H.Gajendran,andA.Masud 5 EffectofTemperatureonMechanicalPropertyDegradationofPolymericMaterials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 TongCui,YuhJ.Chao,JohnW.VanZee,andChih-HuiChien 6 SmallStrainPlasticityBehaviorof304LStainlessSteelinGlass-to-MetalSealApplications. . . . . . . . . . 49 BonnieR.Antoun,RobertS.Chambers,JohnM.Emery,andRajanTandon 7 ObservationsofRate-DependentFractureofLocallyWeakenedInterfaces inAdhesiveBonds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 YouliangL.Guan,ShantanuRanade,IvanVu,DonatusC.Ohanehi,RomeshC.Batra, JohnG.Dillard,andDavidA.Dillard 8 TimeDependentResponseofCompositeMaterialstoMechanicalandElectricalFields. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 K.L.Reifsnider 9 CharacterizingtheTemperatureDependentSpring-BackBehavior ofPoly(MethylMethacrylate)(PMMA)forHotEmbossing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 DanielleMathiesenandRebeccaDupaix ® ® 10 ThermomechanicalFatigueEvaluationofHaynes 230 forSolarReceiverApplications. . . . . . . . . . . . 81 BonnieR.Antoun,KevinJ.Connelly,StevenH.Goods,andGeorgeB.Sartor 11 ViscoelasticCharacterizationofFusionProcessinginBimodalPolyethyleneBlends. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 AaronM.Forster,Wei-LunHo,KarTeanTan,andDonHunston 12 ViscoelasticPropertiesforPMMABaroveraWideRangeofFrequencies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 T.TamaogiandY.Sogabe 13 ImplementationofFractionalConstitutiveEquationsintotheFiniteElementMethod. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 L.GaulandA.Schmidt 14 EffectofPressureonDampingPropertiesofGranularPolymericMaterials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 M.Bek,A.Oseli,I.Saprunov,N.Holecˇek,B.S.vonBernstorff,andI.Emri vii viii Contents 15 FlowofDryGrainsInsideRotatingDrums. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 G.DeMonaco,F.Greco,andP.L.Maffettone 16 StatisticalPredictionofTensileCreepFailureTimeofUnidirectionalCFRP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 YasushiMiyano,MasayukiNakada,TsugiyukiOkuya,andKazuyaKasahara 17 ThermalCrystallinityandMechanicalBehaviorofPolyethyleneTerephthalate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141 SudheerBandla,MasoudAllahkarami,andJayC.Hanan 18 EffectofUVExposureonMechanicalPropertiesofPOSSReinforcedEpoxyNanocomposites. . . . . . . . 147 SalahU.Hamim,KunalMishra,andRamanP.Singh 19 OvercomingChallengesinMaterialCharacterizationofPolymersatIntermediateStrainRates. . . . . . . 153 WilliamJ.BriersIII 20 PredictionofStatisticalDistributionofSolderJointFatigueLifetime UsingHybridProbabilisticApproach. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 HyunseokOh,Hsiu-PingWei,BongtaeHan,ByungC.Jung,ChangwoonHan, ByengD.Youn,andHojeongMoon 21 EffectofMoistureandAnisotropyinMultilayerSU-8ThinFilms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 C.J.RobinandK.N.Jonnalagadda 22 ShrinkageCoefficient:DryingMicrocrackIndicator. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177 DraganaJankovic 23 Thermo-FluidModelingoftheFrictionExtrusionProcess. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187 H.Zhang,X.Deng,X.Li,W.Tang,A.P.Reynolds,andM.A.Sutton Chapter 1 Unimorph Shape Memory Polymer Actuators Incorporating Transverse Curvature in the Substrate JasonT.CantrellandPeterG.Ifju Abstract Shapememorypolymers(SMP)utilizedinreconfigurablestructureshavethepotentialtobeusedinavarietyof settings.ThispaperisprimarilyconcernedwiththeuseofVeriflex-Sshapememorypolymerandbi-directionalcarbonfiber inaunimorphactuator configuration.One ofthemajor deficiencies ofSMPunimorphsisthepermanentset(unrecovered shape) after a single or multiple temperature cycle(s). The novel concept of incorporating transverse curvature in the compositesubstrate,similartothatofanextendabletapemeasurer,wasproposedtoimprovetheshaperecovery.Asetof experiments was designed to investigate the influence of transverse curvature, the relative widths of SMP and composite substrates, and shape memory polymer thickness on actuator recoverability after multiple thermomechanical cycles. Flat carbonfiberandshapememorypolymerunimorphactuatorswereevaluatedforperformanceversusactuatorsofincreasing transverse curvature. Digital image correlation was implemented to quantify the out-of-plane deflection of the unimorph composite actuators (UCAs) during the actuation cycle. Experimental results indicate that an actuator with transverse curvaturesignificantlyreducestheresidualdeformationwhileincreasingtheshapememoryrecoverabilitywhichcouldbe furthertailoredtoenhancetheperformanceofshapememorypolymersinreconfigurablearrangements. Keywords Shapememorypolymer•Unimorph•Transversecurvature•Digitalimagecorrelation•Composite Nomenclature CF Carbonfiber DIC Digitalimagecorrelation MAV Microairvehicle SMP Shapememorypolymer T Glasstransitiontemperature g u,v,w Lengthwisewidthwise,andverticaldisplacements UCA Unimorphcompositeactuator VIC Visualimagecorrelation x,y,z Lengthwisewidthwise,andverticalcoordinates 1.1 Introduction Shapememorypolymers(SMPs)areacategoryofsmartmaterialwiththeabilitytochangetheirshapeupontheapplication of external stimuli such as temperature electricity, magnetism, or light. Classes of smart materials include piezoelectric, shapememoryalloys,andshapememorypolymers.Varietiesofsmartmaterialspracticalforvariousapplicationsinclude shape memory alloys in orthodontic treatments, piezoelectric actuators for control of micro air vehicles, shape memory J.T.Cantrell(*)•P.G.Ifju MechanicalandAerospaceEngineeringDepartment,UniversityofFlorida,MAEReceiving,134MAE-C,Gainesville,FL32611,USA e-mail:[email protected];ifju@ufl.edu H.J.Qietal.(eds.),ChallengesinMechanicsofTime-DependentMaterials,Volume2:Proceedingsofthe2014AnnualConference 1 onExperimentalandAppliedMechanics,ConferenceProceedingsoftheSocietyforExperimentalMechanicsSeries, DOI10.1007/978-3-319-06980-7_1,#TheSocietyforExperimentalMechanics,Inc.2015
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