Ceramic and Specialty Electrolytes for Energy Storage Devices

335 Pages·2021·62.252 MB·English

by  Prasanth Raghavan, Jabeen Fatima M J

Ceramic and Specialty
Electrolytes for Energy
Storage Devices
Volume II

Ceramic and Specialty
Electrolytes for Energy
Storage Devices
Volume II
Edited by
Prasanth Raghavan and Jabeen Fatima M. J.
First edition published 2021
by CRC Press
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Library of Congress Cataloging‑in‑Publication Data
Names: Raghavan, Prasanth, editor. | J, Jabeen Fatima M., editor.
Title: Ceramic and specialty electrolytes for energy storage devices / edited by Prasanth Raghavan
and Jabeen Fatima M.J.
Description: First edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2021. | Includes bibliographical references and
index.
Identifers: LCCN 2020053547 (print) | LCCN 2020053548 (ebook) | ISBN 9780367701444 (hbk) |
ISBN 9781003144816 (ebk)
Subjects: LCSH: Storage batteries--Materials. | Solid state batteries--Materials. | Electronic ceramics.
| Electrolytes.
Classifcation: LCC TK2945.C47 C47 2021 (print) | LCC TK2945.C47 (ebook) | DDC
621.31/24240284--dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020053547
LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2020053548
ISBN: 9780367701444 (hbk)
ISBN: 9780367701567 (pbk)
ISBN: 9781003144816 (ebk)
Typeset in Times
by Deanta Global Publishing Services Chennai India

Contents
Preface.......................................................................................................................ix
Editors .......................................................................................................................xi
Contributors ........................................................................................................... xiii
Abbreviations ...........................................................................................................xv
Chapter 1 Solid-State Electrolytes for Lithium-Ion Batteries: Performance
Requirements and Ion Transportation Mechanism in Solid
Polymer Electrolytes ............................................................................1
Jabeen Fatima M. J., Abhijith P. P., Jishnu N. S., Akhila Das,
Neethu T.M. Balakrishnan, Jou-Hyeon Ahn, and Prasanth Raghavan
Chapter 2 Solid-State Electrolytes for Lithium-Ion Batteries: Novel
Lithium-Ion Conducting Ceramic Materials: Oxides
(Perovskite, Anti-Perovskite) and Sulfde-Type Ion Conductors ........ 19
Prasanth Raghavan, Abhijith P. P., Jishnu N. S., Neethu T. M.
Balakrishnan, Akhila Das, Jabeen Fatima M. J., and Jou-Hyeon Ahn
Chapter 3 Solid-State Electrolytes for Lithium-Ion Batteries: Novel
Lithium-Ion Conducting Ceramic Materials: NASICON- and
Garnet-Type Ionic Conductors ........................................................... 51
Prasanth Raghavan, Abhijith P. P., Jishnu N. S.,
Neethu T. M. Balakrishnan, Anjumole P. Thomas,
Jabeen Fatima M. J., and Jou-Hyeon Ahn
Chapter 4 Polymer and Ceramic-Based Quasi-Solid Electrolytes for
High Temperature Rechargeable Energy Storage Devices ................73
Sajan Chinnan, Nikhil Medhavi, Akhila Das,
Neethu T. M. Balakrishnan, Leya Rose Raphael, Jishnu N. S.,
Jabeen Fatima M. J., Prasanth Raghavan
Chapter 5 Quasi-Solid-State Electrolytes for Lithium-Ion Batteries ................ 113
Hiren K. Machhi, Keval K. Sonigara, Saurabh S. Soni
vii
viii Contents
Chapter 6 Electrolytes for High Temperature Lithium-Ion Batteries:
Electric Vehicles and Heavy-Duty Applications .............................. 139
Leya Rose Raphael, Neethu T.M. Balakrishnan, Akhila Das,
Nikhil Medhavi, Jabeen Fatima M. J., Jou-Hyeon Ahn,
Prasanth Raghavan
Chapter 7 Electrolytes for Low-Temperature Lithium-Ion Batteries
Operating in Freezing Weather ........................................................ 161
Neethu T. M. Balakrishnan, Leya Rose Raphael,
Akhila Das, Jishnu N. S., Jou-Hyeon Ahn, Jabeen Fatima M. J.,
Prasanth Raghavan
Chapter 8 Electrolytes for Magnesium-Ion Batteries: Next Generation
Energy Storage Solutions for Powering Electric Vehicles ............... 177
Akhila Das, Anjumole P. Thomas, Neethu T.M. Balakrishnan,
Jishnu N.S., Jabeen Fatima M. J., Jou-Hyeon Ahn,
Prasanth Raghavan
Chapter 9 Aqueous Electrolytes for Lithium- and Sodium-Ion Batteries......... 193
Saurabh S. Soni and Jyoti Prasad
Chapter 10 Transparent Electrolytes: A Promising Pathway for Transparent
Energy Storage Devices in Next Generation Optoelectronics ......... 217
Anjumole P. Thomas, Akhila Das, Neethu T.M. Balakrishnan,
Sajan Chinnan, Jou-Hyeon Ahn, Jabeen Fatima M. J.,
Prasanth Raghavan
Chapter 11 Recent Advances in Non-Platinum-Based Cathode
Electrocatalysts for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells .............................. 237
Bhagyalakhi Baruah and Ashok Kumar
Chapter 12 Platinum-Free Anode Electrocatalysts for Methanol
Oxidation in Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ......................................... 261
Bhagyalakhi Baruah and Ashok Kumar
Chapter 13 Ionic Liquid-Based Electrolytes for Supercapacitor Applications .........285
Bhuvaneshwari Balasubramaniam, Ankit Tyagi, Raju Kumar Gupta
Index ......................................................................................................................307
Preface
Since the commercialization of batteries began, energy storage systems have an
ineluctable role in day to day life. In 1991, Sony introduced the frst commercial
lithium-ion battery, which was considered to be a milestone that led to the revolution
of portable electronic gadgets such as cellular phones, laptops, tablets, etc. Today, a
renewable source of electrical energy is being sought to replace fossil fuels, which
has led to pollution and climate change. This initiative has forced the global market
to focus more on electric vehicles. Energy storage devices are mainly comprised
of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), supercapacitors, and fuel cells. The performance of
these storage devices is estimated using two main parameters: energy density and
power density. The frst parameter defnes the amount of energy that can be stored in
a given volume or weight, while the second parameter describes the speed at which
energy is stored or discharged from the device. An ideal storage device should simul-
taneously deliver high energy density and high power density. The commercially
available LIBs are capable of releasing high energy density, whereas supercapaci-
tors release higher power density. The present research and development of new and
innovative component materials are progressing to address the requirements of super
gadgets. The ideal energy storage devices for long-range applications are still in their
infancy, so there are still many materials left to explore.
Even though LIBs have already been widely used in different areas, they are still
facing a lot of issues, including poor safety, short performance life, and relatively
low specifc energy. To address those issues, new battery formats, namely solid-state
LIBs, have been developed. Mainly improving the effciency of any storage device
directly depends on the performance of its components, especially the behavior of
electrodes and electrolytes on charging and discharging. Material selection is the
primary concern in developing advanced energy storage applications. The electro-
lyte is considered to be the heart of the energy storage device, and its properties
greatly affect the energy capacity, rate performance, cyclability, and safety of these
devices. Because device portability is a major requirement, safety is a key concern,
therefore, requiring the use of special electrolytic systems capable of replacing con-
ventional liquid electrolyte systems. The organic chemicals used in the liquid elec-
trolyte initiated the solid electrolyte interface formation at the anode of the LIBs,
which, on continuous cycling, formed dendritic projections extending toward the
cathode causing the devices to catch fre or explode.
The present book offers a detailed explanation of recent signs of progress and
challenges in ceramic and specialty electrolytes for energy storage devices. The
infuences of electrolyte properties on the performances of different energy stor-
age devices are discussed in detail. The detailed explanation has been classifed
under four major categories, which include a general introduction to energy storage
devices and a history of lithium-ion batteries followed by a thorough investigation on
ceramic solid and quasi-solid electrolytes and specialty electrolytes for energy stor-
age devices. The book is organized into 13 chapters. Chapter 1 discusses solid-state
ix