Cellular and Molecular Regulation of Testicular Cells PDF
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Serono Symposia USA Norwell, Massachusetts Springer New York Berlin Heidelberg Barcelona Budapest Hong Kong London Milan Paris Santa Clara Singapore Tokyo PROCEEDINGS IN THE SERONO SYMPOSIA USA SERIES CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR REGULATION OF TESTICULAR CELLS Edited by Claude Desjardins GENETIC MODELS OF IMMUNE AND INFLAMMATORY DISEASES Edited by Abul K. Abbas and Richard A. Flavell MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ASPECTS OF PERIIMPLANTATION PROCESSES Edited by S.K. Dey THE SOMATOTROPHIC AXIS AND THE REPRODUCTIVE PROCESS IN HEALTH AND DISEASE Edited by Eli Y. Adashi and Michael o. Thorner GHRH, GH, AND IGF-I: Basic and Clinical Advances Edited by Marc R. Blackman, S. Mitchell Harman, Jesse Roth, and Jay R. Shapiro IMMUNOBIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION Edited by Joan S. Hunt FUNCTION OF SOMATIC CELLS IN THE TESTIS Edited by Andrzej Bartke GLYCOPROTEIN HORMONES: Structure, Function, and Clinical Implications Edited by Joyce W. Lustbader, David Puett, and Raymond W. Ruddon GROWTH HORMONE Il.' Basic and Clinical Aspects Edited by Barry B. Bercu and Richard F. Walker TROPHOBLAST CELLS: Pathways for Maternal-Embryonic Communication Edited by Michael J. Soares, Stuart Handwerger, and Frank Talamantes IN VITRO FERTILIZATION AND EMBRYO TRANSFER IN PRIMATES Edited by Don P. Wolf, Richard L. Stouffer, and Robert M. Brenner OVARIAN CELL INTERACTIONS: Genes to Physiology Edited by Aaron J.W. Hsueh and David W. Schomberg CELL BIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY: Novel Approaches to Increased Cellular Productivity Edited by Melvin S. Oka and Randall G. Rupp PREIMPLANTATION EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT Edited by Barry D. Bavister MOLECULAR BASIS OF REPRODUCTIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY Edited by Peter c.K. Leung, Aaron J.W. Hsueh, and Henry G. Friesen MODES OF ACTION OF GnRH AND GnRH ANALOGS Edited by William F. Crowley, Jr., and P. Michael Conn FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE: Regulation of Secretion and Molecular Mechanisms of Action Edited by Mary Hunzicker-Dunn and Neena B. Schwartz Continued after Index Serono Symposia USA Norwell, Massachusetts Claude Desjardins Editor Cellular and Molecular Regulation of Testicular Cells With 107 Figures Springer Claude Desjardins, Ph.D. Department of Physiology University of Virginia School of Medicine Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA Proceedings of the XIIIth Testis Workshop on Cellular and Molecular Regulation of Testicular Cells sponsored by Serono Symposia USA, Inc .. held March 30 to April 1, 1995, in Raleigh. North Carolina. For information on previous volumes, please contact Serono Symposia USA, Inc. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Cellular and molecular regulation of testicular cells/Claude Desjardins, editor. p. cm. "Proceedings of the XIIlth Testis Workshop on Cellular and Molecular Regulation of Testicular Cells, sponsored by Serono Symposia USA, Inc., held March 30-April 1, 1995, in Raleigh, North Carolina"-T.p. verso. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13: 978-1-4612-7519-0 e-ISBN-13: 978-1-4612-2374-0 DOT: 10.1007/978-1-4612-2374-0 1. Testis-Physiology-Congresses. 2. Testis-Molecular aspects Congresses. 3. Spermatogenesis-Congresses. 4. Testis-Cytology Congresses. I. Desjardins, Claude, 1938- . II. Serono Symposia, USA. III. Testis Workshop on Cellular and Molecular Regulation of Testicular Cells (1995: Raleigh, N.C.) [DNLM: 1. Testis--cytology-congresses. 2. Spermatogenesis physiology-congresses. 3. Germ Cells-physiology--congresses. 4. Leydig Cells-cytology--congresses. 5. Steroids-biosynthesis congresses. WJ 830 C394 1996] QP255.C457 1996 612.6'1--<1c20 95-46670 Printed on acid-free paper. © 1996 Springer-Verlag New York, Inc. Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1s t edition 1996 All rights reserved. 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Production coordinated by Chernow Editorial Services, Inc., and managed by Francine McNeill; manufac turing supervised by Joe Quatela. Typeset by Best-set Typesetter Ltd., Hong Kong. 987654321 xmth TESTIS WORKSHOP ON CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR REGULATION OF TESTICULAR CELLS Scientific Committee Claude Desjardins, Ph.D., Chairman University of Virginia Andrzej Bartke, Ph.D. Southern Illinois University William J. Bremner, M.D., Ph.D. University of Washington Glenn R. Cunningham, M.D. Baylor College of Medicine Maria L. Dufau, M.D., Ph.D. National Institutes of Health Michael D. Griswold, Ph.D. Washington State University Mary Ann Handel, Ph.D. University of Tennessee Diana G. Myles, Ph.D. University of Connecticut Deborah A. O'Brien, Ph.D. University of North Carolina Marie-Claire Orgebin-Crist, Ph.D. Vanderbilt University Barry R. Zirkin, Ph.D. Johns Hopkins University Organizing Secretary Leslie Nies Serono Symposia USA, Inc. 100 Longwater Circle Norwell, Massachusetts Preface Conceptual advances in the biological sciences are marked by the applica tion of new techniques and experimental strategies. Nowhere has this ge neric principle been more apparent than in the study of testicular cells, as judged by the evolution of themes presented at the Testis Workshop over the past 23 years. Like its predecessors, the 1995 Testis Workshop was structured to offer fresh insights and approaches for understanding the mechanisms of spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis. The chapters pre sented in this book emphasize three aspects of testicular cell function: first, the molecular analysis of the cell cycle; second, examination of the cell cycle, including the function and identification of specific macromolecules that direct the proliferation and differentiation of germ cells; and third, the development of Leydig cells and the role of specific macromolecules in the formation of testicular steroids. Each chapter is based on a lecture presented at the XIIIth Testis Work shop held on March 30 to April 1, 1995, at the Radisson Plaza Hotel in Raleigh, North Carolina. The selection of topics reflects the recommenda tions of the workshop'S organizing committee. Sincere thanks are due to the speakers who agreed to lecture and prepare chapters. This book also repre sents the summed efforts of the many individuals who supported the 1995 Testis Workshop, the participants who took part in the scientific sessions, the investigators whose work was presented in more than 150 posters, and the Council of the American Society of Andrology, which made it possi ble to convene the 1995 workshop prior to the society'S annual meeting. The cooperation between the Local Arrangement Committees for the so ciety and the Testis Workshop was achieved through the efforts of their representatives, Dr. Sally Perreault Damey and Dr. Deborah O'Brien, respectively. Financial support for the 1995 workshop was provided by Serono Sympo sia USA, Inc., under the leadership of Leslie Nies. Symposia's support included the skillful coordination of all conference arrangements and the expertise of the publications staff in the production of the program abstract book and this volume of proceedings. vii viii Preface Special thanks go to colleagues Ellen Barber, Meredith Beam, and Susan Hobbs at the University of Virginia who handled correspondence with many of the participants and supplied imaginative energy throughout the planning of the workshop. CLAUDE DESJARDINS Contents Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii 1. Evolution of the Testis Workshop: 1972-1995 ... . . . . . . . . . . 1 CLAUDE DESJARDINS Part I. Molecular Dissection of the Cell Cycle 2. From Start to S Phase: Early Events in the Yeast Cell Cycle ................................ 11 MICHAEL MENDENHALL 3. Oocyte Activation and Passage Through the Meiotic Cell Cycle in Xenopus Laevis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 JAY C. STRUM, KAREN H. MARTIN, J. ERIC TURNER, ROBERT M. BELL, AND KATHERINE I. SWENSON Part D. Germ-Cell Differentiation 4. Establishment of Meiotic Germ-Cell Lines and Their Use to Study Spermatogenesis In Vitro.. ...... . . .... . . . .. 45 MARIE-CLAUDE HOFMANN, DONARA ABRAMIAN, HELGE WEISSIG, LAURA L. RICHARDSON, AND JOSE LUIS MILLAN 5. Mouse Spermatocyte Chromosome Cores: Protein and DNA Organization......................... 65 PETER B. MOENS ix x Contents 6. CREM't Activates the Spermatid-Specific RTI and Mouse Protamine 1 Promoters .......................... 73 JESSICA H. OOSTERHUIS AND FRANS A. VAN DER HOORN 7. Role of Vitamin A in Male Germ-Cell Development ....... 83 K WAN HEE KIM AND KARIN M. AKMAL 8. Alternative Forms and Functions of the c-kit Receptor and Its Ligand During Spermatogenesis ...................... 99 PELLEGRINO ROSSI, CRISTINA ALBANESI, SUSANNA DOLCI, MARCO GIORGIO, PAOLA GRIMALDI, DOMENICA PISCITELLI, LAURA POZZI, VINCENZO SORRENTINO, AND RAFFAELE GEREMIA 9. The IGF-II1Cation-Independent Mannose 6-Phosphate Receptor Mediates Changes in Spermatogenic Cell Gene Expression ...................................... 111 JAMES K. TSURUTA AND DEBORAH A. O'BRIEN Part In. Macromolecules aud Organelles Unique to Germ Cells 10. Testis-Specific Gene Transcription. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 KOUROSH SALEHI-ASHTIANI AND ERWIN GOLDBERG 11. Molecular and Cellular Biology of Novel Cytoskeletal Proteins in Spermatozoa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 RICHARD J. OKO AND CARLOS R. MORALES 12. Promoter Analysis of Male Germ-Cell-Specific Genes: Nuclear Transition Protein-1 and Histone Hit ............ 167 MALATHI K. KISTLER, JOHN G. BARTELL, EDWARD A. SHIPWASH, WENDY R. HATFIELD, SHARON E. CLARE, MICHAEL J. DEWEY, AND W. STEPHEN KISTLER Part IV. Hormone Action and Transport Mechanisms 13. Androgen Receptor Distribution in the Testis. . . . . . . . . . . . . 189 C.A. SUAREZ-QUIAN, B.O. OKE, W. VORNBERGER, G. PRINS, S. XIAO, AND N.A. MUSTO Contents xi 14. Testicular Androgen Receptor Protein: Distribution and Control of Expression. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213 P.T.K. SAUNDERS, M.R MILLAR, G. MAmIC, W.J. BREMNER, T.T. McLAREN, K.M. GRIGOR, AND RM. SHARPE 15. Role of Carrier Proteins in the Movement and Metabolism of Retinoids in the Seminiferous Tubule. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231 DAVID E. ONG 16. Transport Mechanisms for Endocrine and Paracrine Factors in the Testis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249 RICHARD M. SHARPE, MICHAEL R MILLAR, SIMON MADDOCKS, AND JACQUI CLEGG Part V. Cell and Molecular Biology of the Leydig Cell 17. Hormonal Regulation of the Differentiation of Leydig Cells from Mesenchymal-Like Progenitors During Puberty. . 263 LI-XIN SHAN, HUI-BAO GAO, AND MATTHEW P. HARDY 18. Developmental and cAMP-Dependent Regulation of CYP17 Gene Expression. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277 MICHAEL R WATERMAN AND DIANE S. KEENEY 19. A Cell-Specific Nuclear Receptor Plays Essential Roles in Reproductive Function. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289 XUNRONG Luo, YAYOI IKEDA, AND KEITH L. PARKER 20. Activating Mutations of the Luteinizing Hormone Receptor Gene in Familial Testotoxicosis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297 ANDREW SHENKER AND SHINJI KOSUGI Part VI. Regulation of Steroidogenesis 21. Characterization of the Protein Responsible for the Acute Regulation of Steroidogenesis in Mouse Leydig Tumor Cells. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311 DOUGLAS M. STOCCO, BARBARA J. CLARK, DONG LIN, TERUO SUGAWARA, JEROME F. STRAUSS III, AND WALTER L. MILLER
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