CDA and PDA Made Simple: Language, Ideology and Power in Politics and Media

427 Pages·2014·2.561 MB·

by  Bahaa-eddin M. Mazid

CDA and PDA
Made Simple

CDA and PDA
Made Simple

Language, Ideology and Power

in Politics and Media

Bahaa-eddin M. Mazid
CDA and PDA Made Simple:
Language, Ideology and Power in Politics and Media

By Bahaa-eddin M. Mazid

This book first published 2014

Cambridge Scholars Publishing

Lady Stephenson Library, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE6 2PA, UK

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

Copyright © 2014 by Bahaa-eddin M. Mazid

All rights for this book reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced,
stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means,
electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without
the prior permission of the copyright owner.

ISBN (10): 1-4438-6804-3
ISBN (13): 978-1-4438-6804-4
To my wife and my daughters,
for having to pay for it all,
and to my teachers and students,
past and present

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Note: The book sign (cid:18) refers to a digression; F = further work; A =
Appendix

List of Figures and Tables ....................................................................... xv

Foreword ................................................................................................ xvii

Preface ..................................................................................................... xxi

Introduction: Issues and Settings ............................................................. 1
1.1. What?
1.2. Who Cares?
(cid:18) More Postulates and Caveats in CDA
1.3. So What?
1.4. (Some) Limitations – Old and New
1.5. Road Map

Theoretical Background(s) ....................................................................... 7
(cid:18) Q: Functionalists see language as
(cid:18) Linguistic Wars
(cid:18) Perspectives
(cid:18) Terms and Disciplines
(cid:18) The D in CDA
2.1. From Politicolinguistics to CDA
(cid:18) CDA – A Description
(cid:18) CDA: A Genesis
(cid:18) Fables
(cid:18) Critical
(cid:18) The Arabic naqd
(cid:18) CDA: Two Quotes
(cid:18) CDA: Basic Tenets
(cid:18) Why Study CDA?
(cid:18) Fairclough's Three Dimensions of Discourse
(cid:18) Steps in Doing a CDA:
(cid:18) Identifying and Interpreting Insinuations and Presuppositions
(cid:18) Other Recipes for Doing CDA
viii Table of Contents

(cid:18)Recipe One
(cid:18)Recipe Two
(cid:18)Recipe Three
(cid:18) Levels of Analysis: Text and Context
(cid:18) From SFL to CDA
(cid:18) CDA Summed Up
2.2. Control and Power
(cid:18) Theories and Dimensions of Power
(cid:18) Three Perspectives on Power
(cid:18) Power and Pragmatics
(cid:18) Power Abused: Manipulation
(cid:18) Typology of Manipulative Processes
(cid:18) And Hegemony
2.3. Digressions on Politeness
2.3.1. Politeness and Power
2.3.2. Politeness and Politics
(cid:18) " … but candor is indispensable"
(cid:18) Arabic "Power"
(cid:18) Exercises
2.4. Ideology
(cid:18) Words Do NOT Mean Anything
2.5. From Strategic Functions to PDA
(cid:18) Components of Ideology
(cid:18) Van Dijk's Ideological Square
(cid:18) Some Categories of Ideological Discourse Analysis
(cid:18) Ideology and Politics in a Fable
(cid:18) The Chapter of the Hermit and His Guest
(cid:18) From Kalila and Dimna
(cid:18) Proximization and IDC vs. ODC
(cid:18) Some Research Dimensions in PDA
(cid:18) What Does Political Discourse Do?
(cid:18) Doing PDA: Laclau and Mouffe’s Discourse Analytics
2.6. Pressing Social Issues for CDS
2.7. Critiques of CDA
(cid:18) Sample quotes
2.8. However
(cid:18) Circular Definitions
(cid:18) Three Directions in CDA – An Oversimplification
2.9. Linguistics of CDA and PDA
(cid:18) S+T
(cid:18) Two Sides of the Same Coin
2.9.1. Transitivity
(cid:18) September 2, 2004
(cid:18) Functional Roles
(cid:18) Practice: Analyzing Transitivity in a Poem
2.9.2. Modality
CDA and PDA Made Simple ix
2.9.3. Metadiscourse
(cid:18) (On) Metadiscourse
(cid:18) Transtextuality
2.9.4. Presupposition
(cid:18) Some Presuppositions in Bush’s 20/9/01 speech

Literature Review .................................................................................... 85
3. 1. Speech Act Theory and After
(cid:18) Words and Actions
(cid:18) More on Speech Acts
(cid:18) Hallidayan Spell
(cid:18) The Stratified Model of Context
(cid:18) More (on) Contexts
(cid:18) (1) Hymes' SPEAKING
(cid:18) (2) Hallidayan Register
(cid:18) (3) Fowler
(cid:18) Van Dijk's Submodels
(cid:18) Practice
3. 2. Language, Power and Ideology
(cid:18) Pragmatics: Anticipation and Emancipation
3.3. Discourse in the Contexts of Power
(cid:18) Colour Blues
(cid:18) Straw
3.3.1. Classroom Discourse
(cid:18) Lower Orders
(cid:18) CAL
(cid:18) Nativespeakerism
(cid:18) CDA in Education
(cid:18) Medical Hegemony
(cid:18) Pro or Anti?
3.3.3. Gender Encounters
(cid:18) Is Gender Enough?
(cid:18) Pre-Islamic Arab Woman's Advice on Marriage
(cid:18) NO
(cid:18) "… interpret persuasively"
(cid:18) Language could reflect …
(cid:18) Gender Online
3.3.4. Persuasion and Argument
(cid:18) Bal(cid:407)agha
(cid:18) Power of Argument
(cid:18) Persuasive Argumentation
3.3.4.1. Types and Components
3.3.4.2. Situatedness
3.3.4.3. The Pathos Element
3.3.4.4. Persuasive Fallacies
3.3.4.5. Propaganda